Description: technologyComment of processing of anode slime from electrorefining of copper, anode (GLO): Based on typical current technology. Anode slime treatment by pressure leaching and top blown rotary converter. Production of Silver by Möbius Electrolysis, Gold by Wohlwill electrolysis, copper telluride cement and crude selenium to further processing. technologyComment of selenium production (RER, RoW): Production from selenium is based on simplified roasting process with sodium carbonate. The inventory is based on stoechiometric calculations, according to the following equations: 2 X-Se + 2 Na2CO3 + 3 CO2 -> 2 Na2O4Se + 2 CO2 + 2 X (with X = compounds that were connected to Se - e.g. Cu2, CuAg, ....) 2 Na2O4Se + 4 HCl -> 2 H2O3Se + 4 NaCl + O2 2 H2O3Se + 2 SO2 -> 2 Se + 2 H2SO4 + O2 A surplus input of 25% is assumed. The air emissions occurring from the process are estimated to 0.2% of the raw material input. The remaining amount of unreacted raw materials is assumed to leave the production process to 95% as a solid waste and to 5% in the wastewater. Further it is assumed that this wastewater is treated in an internal wastewater plant. The carbonate is dissolved in the water and not shown anymore in the dataset. Sodium and chloride are assumed to be neutralized within the waste water treatment plant, leading to emissions of Cl- and Na+ in the water outflow. Sodium dioxide will be reacted into sulphuric acid and therefore leads to emissions of SO42- in the water outflow.
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Comment: This is a market activity. Each market represents the consumption mix of a product in a given geography, connecting suppliers with consumers of the same product in the same geographical area. Markets group the producers and also the imports of the product (if relevant) within the same geographical area. They also account for transport to the consumer and for the losses during that process, when relevant. This is the market for 'selenium', in the Global geography. Transport from producers to consumers of this product in the geography covered by the market is included. selenium' is an inorganic substance with a CAS no. : 007782-49-2. It is called 'selenium' under IUPAC naming and its molecular formula is: Se. It is solid under normal conditions of temperature and pressure with a garlic-like odour. The substance is modelled as a pure substance. On a consumer level, is used in the following products: Arts, crafts, and hobby materials, Building/construction materials, Food packaging, Metal products, Rubber Tires On industrial sites, the substance is used for the manufacture of products in the following sectors: added to enhance machinability of the steel, Curative and Tackifier, Intermediates, Pigments, Reactant that is oxidized to impart colour to glass containers, silicon polymers This market is supplied by the following activities with the given share: processing of anode slime from electrorefining of copper, anode, GLO: 0.501285425540793 selenium production, RER: 0.247997156571988 selenium production, RoW: 0.25071741788722 generalComment of processing of anode slime from electrorefining of copper, anode (GLO): For the processing of anode slimes from primary copper electrorefining globally. Background: Metals are produced as part of a complex, highly interconnected and interdependent system, with many desirable but scarce/critical metals recovered as by-products during the production of one or more ‘host’ metal(s). Copper is one of the world’s major mineral commodities and is mined from heterogeneous sulfide or oxide mineral deposits in countries worldwide. Copper sulfide deposits, such as those of the porphyry or massive sulphide type, contain numerous other valuable minerals, which are desirable to society. Copper is mined & beneficiated to produce a copper sulfide concentrate, as well as other by-product concentrates (e.g. molybdenite), which are sold to smelters. Copper sulfide concentrates are smelted to produce the intermediate product, copper anode. This is then sold to refineries, where it is electrorefined to produce copper cathode, which is sold to fabricators. The by-product of copper electrorefining is anode slime, which contains various important by-product metals (principally gold, silver, selenium & tellurium) and is sold to precious metal recovery plants for further processing to recover the valuable metals. Modelling approach: Amounts of exchanges to the environment and from the technosphere were taken from the treatment activity, “treatment of precious metal from electronics scrap, in anode slime, precious metal extraction”, which was used here as a proxy for the treatment of anode slime from primary copper production via pyrometallurgy. The amounts of by products from the process were calculated through a global material flow analysis of primary copper production. Further information is provided in the accompanying documentation (see Turner & Hischier, 2019). Electrical energy demand was based on Chatterjee et al. (1996). References Chatterjee, B. (1996). Electrowinning of gold from anode slimes. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 45, 27-32. Turner, D. A. & Hischier, R. (2019). Regionalised life cycle inventories of primary copper production (pyrometallurgy) and anode slime processing. Empa, St. Gallen, Switzerland. generalComment of selenium production (RER, RoW): This dataset represents the production of 1 kg of selenium (Se) from copper anode slime based on a simplified roasting process with sodium carbonate. Se is a chemical element that has metallic and non-metallic characteristics. Se is mostly used for glass manufacturing (mainly for the decolorization of glass) and for electronic applications. It is also used as a pigment and in metallurgy, agriculture and other uses. Due to lack of industrial data, the material inputs as well as emissions to air are based on stoechiometric calculations. The input of copper anode slime does not appear in the inventory since it is considered to be recovered from primary copper production. The energy and water consumptions are approximated based on data from a large chemical plant (Gendorf 2016). References: Hischier R. (2007) Life Cycle Inventories of Packagings & Graphical Papers. ecoinvent report No. 11, Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories, Dübendorf, 2007. Langner, B. E. 2000. Selenium and Selenium Compounds. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Gendorf (2016) Umwelterklärung 2015, Werk Gendorf Industriepark, www.gendorf.de.
Origin: /Bund/UBA/ProBas
Tags: Zementherstellung ? Natriumcarbonat ? Natriumchlorid ? Silber ? Tellurid ? Carbonat ? Kupfer ? Gold ? Schwefelsäure ? Selen ? Fester Abfall ? Abwasserbehandlungsanlage ? Elektrolyse ? Luftemission ? Abwasser ? Rohstoff ? Wasser ? Manufacture of basic metals ? Manufacture of basic precious and other non-ferrous metals ? Manufacturing ?
License: unbekannt
Language: Deutsch
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