Description: technologyComment of barium carbonate production (GLO): Barium carbonate is manufactured in two reaction steps from barium sulfate (barite). Barite is treated with coal from coke to deliver barium sulfide. There are two main routes to receive barium carbonate: precipitation with carbon dioxide and precipitation with soda (Kresse et al., 2007). The main producers (e.g. Solvay) are using the carbon dioxide method, this is modelled here. In this reaction the barium sulfide is treated with carbon dioxide, which was formed in the first reactions step, which produces barium carbonate and hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide is assumed to be neutralised in waste water treatment and turned into Sulfate The reaction temperature is between 60 and 70 degree C. It is followed by filtering of the resulting slurry, washing, drying, grinding and packaging of barium carbonate. The assumed process efficiency is 90% per reaction step. BaSO4 + 2 C --> BaS + 2 CO2 BaS + CO2 --> BaCO3 + H2S This inventory representing production of a particular chemical compound is at least partially based on a generic model on the production of chemicals. The data generated by this model have been improved by compound-specific data when available. The model on production of chemicals is using specific industry or literature data wherever possible and more generic data on chemical production processes to fill compound-specific data gaps when necessary. The model has been updated and extended with newly available data from the chemical industry. In the model, unreacted fractions are treated in a waste treatment process, and emissions reported are after a waste treatment process that is included in the scope of this dataset. For volatile reactants, a small level of evaporation is assumed. Solvents and catalysts are mostly recycled in closed-loop systems within the scope of the dataset and reported flows are for losses from this system. In the model, unreacted fractions are treated in a waste treatment process, and emissions reported are after a waste treatment process that is included in the scope of this dataset. For volatile reactants, a small level of evaporation is assumed. Solvents and catalysts are mostly recycled in closed-loop systems within the scope of the dataset and reported flows are for losses from this system. The main source of information for the values for heat, electricity, water (process and cooling), nitrogen, chemical factory is industry data from Gendorf. The values are a 5-year average of data (2011 - 2015) published by the Gendorf factory (Gendorf, 2016, Umwelterklärung, www.gendorf.de), (Gendorf, 2015, Umwelterklärung, www.gendorf.de), (Gendorf, 2014, Umwelterklärung, www.gendorf.de). The Gendorf factory is based in Germany, it produces a wide range of chemical substances. The factory produced 1657400 tonnes of chemical substances in the year 2015 (Gendorf, 2016, Umwelterklärung, www.gendorf.de) and 740000 tonnes of intermediate products. References: Hischier, R. (2005) Establishing Life Cycle Inventories of Chemicals Based on Differing Data Availability (9 pp). The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Volume 10, Issue 1, pp 59–67. 10.1065/lca2004.10.181.7 Gendorf (2020) Umwelterklärung 2019, Werk Gendorf Industriepark, www.gendorf.de Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 3rd ed., Volumes 1-26. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons, 1978-1984., p. V3: 466 (1978) Kresse, R., Baudis, U., Jäger, P., Riechers, H. H., Wagner, H., Winkler, J. and Wolf, H. U. 2007. Barium and Barium Compounds. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. pp. 15-16. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
Types:
Text {
text_type: Report,
}
Comment: This is a market activity. Each market represents the consumption mix of a product in a given geography, connecting suppliers with consumers of the same product in the same geographical area. Markets group the producers and also the imports of the product (if relevant) within the same geographical area. They also account for transport to the consumer and for the losses during that process, when relevant. This dataset represents the supply of 1 kg of barium carbonate from activities that produce it within the geography of this dataset. The transport amounts are based on the default transport distances for markets, provided in the 'Default Transport Assumptions' file available on the ecoinvent website (https://www.ecoinvent.org/support/documents-and-files/documents-and-files.html). See exchange comments for additional details. This market is supplied by the following activities with the given share: barium carbonate production, GLO: 1.0 generalComment of barium carbonate production (GLO): Barium carbonate appears as white powder, which is soluble in most acids (except sulfuric acid), but not in water. About half of the produced barium carbonate is used in the manufacture of glass. Other uses comprise the production of clay and bricks, barium chemicals and ferrites as well as photographical paper. Reference(s): Dibello PM et al; Barium Compounds. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (2003). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Online Posting Date: July 18, 2003 For more information on the model please refer to the dedicate ecoinvent report, access it in the Report section of ecoQuery (http://www.ecoinvent.org/login-databases.html)
Origin: /Bund/UBA/ProBas
Tags: Natriumcarbonat ? Bariumcarbonat ? Bariumsulfat ? Bariumsulfid ? Bariumverbindung ? New York ? Barium ? Schwefelwasserstoff ? Wolf ? Abfallbehandlung ? Chemische Industrie ? Katalysator ? Koks ? Kühlwasser ? Lösungsmittel ? Rohwasser ? Stickstoff ? Umwelterklärung ? Main ? Elektrizitätswirtschaft ? Chemieanlage ? Verdunstung ? Wasserkühlung ? Abwasserbehandlung ? Ökobilanz ? Kohle ? Kohlendioxid ? Aufbereitungstechnik ? Chemikalien ? Reaktionstemperatur ? Daten ? Zwischenprodukt ? Chemische Verbindung ? Niederschlag ? Chemischer Stoff ? Manufacture of basic chemicals, fertilizers and nitrogen compounds, plastics and synthetic rubber in primary forms ? Manufacturing ? Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products ? Manufacture of basic chemicals ?
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Language: Deutsch
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