Description: Represents average European technology; LD converter and secondary metallurgy
Types:
Text {
text_type: Report,
}
Comment: "Background: This activity represents the production of primary low-alloyed steel in a basic oxygen furnace (BOF), a discontinuous process involving the following steps: 1) pretreatment of hot metal (pig iron) from the blast furnace (desulphurisation, deslagging, etc.); 2) mixing of charge (including alloying additions), weighing, transfer and reladling ; 3) oxidation in the BOF (decarburisation and oxidation of impurities); 4) secondary metallurgical treatment in a ladle furnace; and 5) casting (continuous and/or ingot). Modelling approach: Data on were mostly taken from the IPPC Best Available Technology report from the European Commission (Remus et al., 2013); note that where only data ranges were provided, the geometric mean of reported values was used here. The proportion of each by-product that is recycled internally (i.e. returned as an input to the process after it has been produced) is based on measured data from plants worldwide reported by worldsteel (2010): slag (including desulphurisation slag, BOF slag, slag from secondary metallurgy and slag from continuous casting), 14%; spittings, 100%; dust and sludge, 22%; and mill scale, 89%. References: Remus, R., Aguado-Monsonet, M. A., Roudier, S. & Samcho, L. D. (2013). JRC reference report - Best available techniques (BAT) reference document for iron and steel production. Joint Research Centre - European Commission, Luxemboug. Worldsteel (2010). Steel industry by-products. World Steel Association: Brussels, Belgium."
Origin: /Bund/UBA/ProBas
Tags: Stahlerzeugung ? Metallurgie ? Manufacture of basic iron and steel ? Manufacture of basic metals ? Manufacturing ?
License: unbekannt
Language: Deutsch
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