Description: Das Projekt "Nachhaltige Verbesserung der Sicherheit von Tailings Anlagen" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Karlsruhe, Geologisches Institut, Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Geologie durchgeführt. Background: Tailings are fine-grained wastes of the mining industry, output as slurries, due to mixing with water during mineral processing. Tailings facilities consist of tailings ponds or lagoons, tailings dams and tailings transport systems (usually pipelines). Though separate units, the mineral processing mills have great influence on the operation and safety of tailings facilities. In the EU Draft Reference Document on 'Best Available Techniques for Management of Tailings and Waste-Rock in Mining Activities' (draft version of May 2003), tailings are defined as 'Ore from which as much as feasible of the desired minerals have been removed. Tailings consist mainly of gangue and may include process water, process chemicals and portions of the unrecovered minerals'. Deposits of these residues in ponds, usually confined by man-made dams, can present a serious threat, especially where there is improper handling and management. Recent accidents at tailings facilities, such as the Baia Mare (Romania) and the Aznalcollar (Spain) disasters, resulted in major threats to the environment and human life. Serious hazards posed by failing tailings facilities (leaks, overflow, breaking dams etc.) include: -floods and flood waves, -spills of sometimes toxic sludge and waters, -spills of sludge and rubble, burying houses or settlements and their inhabitants or destroying cropland, -contaminant spills into the environment (e.g. cyanide), -pollution of rivers and their flood banks, -poisoning of aquatic life including massive fish kills. Due to typically low concentrations of the useful component in mineral ores, large amounts of tailings are produced, requiring large tailings ponds to contain them. The most critical element of tailings facilities is usually the dam. The highest tailings dam today is as high as 230 m. Tailings dams fail ten times more often than conventional dams (73 failures occurred world-wide since 1960). The most common causes of failure are related to the forces of water, e.g. by internal erosion of the dam material or by overtopping of the dam. Dam integrity is thus particularly important under extreme weather conditions. Between 1928 and 1998 more than a thousand people lost their lives all over the world due to dam failure in tailings facilities. Tailings dams are usually constructed using part of the material coming from the milling process. This is achieved by using hydrocyclones at the end of the pipelines transporting the slurry from the mill. The coarser particles (sandy fraction) are used for dam construction, while the fines are deposited in the pond. A high percentage of fines in the tailings results in long settling periods, sometimes several years. In handling large amounts of inhomogeneous wet slurries, water management is a key safety factor. Deficient water management is one of the main causes of accidents and hazards emanating from tailings facilities. usw.
Types:
SupportProgram
Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Karlsruhe ? Absetzbecken ? Gesundheitsgefährdung ? Schadstoffgehalt ? Wehr ? Fluss ? Dammbruch ? Abraum ? Lagune ? Schadstoffbelastung ? Erosion ? Talsperre ? Überschwemmung ? Haff ? Europäische Gemeinschaften ? Main ? Rumänien ? Bergbauindustrie ? Teich ? BVT-Merkblatt ? Gebäude ? Fester Abfall ? Schlamm ? Sickerwasser ? Bodenwasser ? Sand ? Betriebswasser ? Cyanid ? Damm ? Ingenieurgeologie ? Dammbau ? Deponie ? Flutwelle ? Feinmüll ? Chemikalienmanagement ? Erzbergbau ? Bergematerial ? Hochwassergefahr ? Ackerland ? Toxizität ? Umweltgefährdung ? Verfahrenstechnik ? Wassergehalt ? Erdrutsch ? Fischsterben ? Management ? Wasser ? Chemikalien ? Mensch ? Mühle ? EU-Richtlinie ? Rohrfernleitung ? Extremwetter ? Anlagensicherheit ? Schutt ? Erz ? Bergbau ? Lockergestein ? Sicherheitsmaßnahme ? Anlagenbetrieb ? Beste verfügbare Techniken ? Mineral ? Verkehrssystem ? Partikel ? Risikofaktor ? Leckage ? Rohrleitung ? Gestein ? Rückstand ? Wasserwirtschaft ? Siedlung ? Bevölkerung ? Katastrophe ? Nachhaltigkeitsprinzip ? Böschung ? Schotter ?
Region: Baden-Württemberg
Bounding box: 9° .. 9° x 48.5° .. 48.5°
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Deutsch
Time ranges: 2003-12-01 - 2005-11-30
Webseite zum Förderprojekt
http://www.tailsafe.com/project_partners.htm (Webseite)Accessed 1 times.