Description: Das Projekt "Study on the emission of nanoparticles in products in the life cycle and the ecological evaluation" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Institut für Umwelt & Energie, Technik & Analytik e.V. durchgeführt. Objective of the project is the assessment of the exposure of environment and human health by synthetic nanomaterials. The project includes a life cycle analysis of relevant products, an analysis of measurement equipment, and the identification of the demand for research and development. A reference study was commissioned by the Federal Environmental Agency - FKZ 3708 61 300 - in the scope of the UFOPLAN 2008, to summarise the current knowledge and research needs in the area of emission of nanoscale particles from products in the course of their life cycle as well as their possible environmental effects (relevance). For this purpose, information about nanoscale silver, titanium dioxide, carbon black, cerium oxide used in wipes, wall paint, in tires and additives in fuel, were compiled and evaluated. Possible measurement techniques and methods, for different measurement parameters and matrices, for examining the emission and characterizing nanostructures and their behaviour in the environment were summarized in a separate section. Emission of nanoscale material from products can take place at different stages in the course of its life cycle; during production, processing, transportation, when in use or during disposal of materials and products. Release generally takes place in environmental media such as air, water or soil/sediments. Nanoscale silver and titanium dioxide is mainly released into the aquatic medium. The release of silver particles has been shown when washing tissues and textiles in particular which have been impinged with nanoscale silver. It is not clear if the particles are release in the form of ions or nanoparticles. The release of TiO2 from wall paint after rain events was seen in rain water and in near by surface waters during field measurements. Laboratory studies have shown that TiO2 particles can be released through mechanical stress.It seems on the other hand that the emission of carbon black and cerium oxide mainly takes place in air. Carbon black can stem from ink, laser printers or tires. Studies have established the release of nanoscale soot particles form tires. It could not be determined if the released particles were the original particles or particles formed from secondary processes. The primary application for nanoscale cerium oxide is in polishing agents, coating products and as catalysts in e.g. diesel fuels. Cerium oxides have also been used recently for medical purposes, e.g. tested and marketed as antioxidants. Cerium oxide emission is likely for all the listed applications. This could be proven by field measurements particularly when used in fuels. It was not examined whether the released cerium oxide from diesel fumes correspond to that which was applied. There are generally very few publications for this study that deal explicitly with the emission from the materials and products which are to be examined...
Types:
SupportProgram
Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Antioxidationsmittel ? Hirsch ? Dieselkraftstoff ? Baumstamm ? Brennstoff ? Cerium ? CO2-Emission ? Kraftstoffzusatz ? Silber ? Titandioxid ? Seen ? Cerdioxid ? Industrieruß ? Messeinrichtung ? Schadstoffwirkung ? Brüden ? Katalysator ? Umweltauswirkung ? Zusatzstoff ? Emissionsprognose ? Anstrichmittel ? Drucker ? Laser ? Black Carbon ? Messtechnik ? Regenwasser ? Partikelemission ? Fahrzeugreifen ? Schadstoffemission ? Umweltbelastung ? Ökobilanz ? Nanosilber ? Schädliche Umwelteinwirkung ? Technisch hergestellte Nanomaterialien ? Studie ? Emission ? Messverfahren ? Ionen ? Wirkungsanalyse ? Oberflächengewässer ? Ökologische Bewertung ? Wasser ? Textilgewebe ? Produktbewertung ? Produktlebenszyklus ? Forschung und Entwicklung ? Nanopartikel ? Expositionsanalyse ? Energie ? Risikoanalyse ? Nanowissenschaft ? Exposition ? Stoffkreislauf ? Textilien ? Verkehr ? Partikel ? Nanomaterialien ? Umwelt und Gesundheit ? Schadstoffverhalten ? Lebenszyklus ? Freisetzung ? Nanostrukturierung ? Schadstoffverbleib ? Nanobereich ?
Region: Nordrhein-Westfalen
Bounding box: 6.76339° .. 6.76339° x 51.21895° .. 51.21895°
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Deutsch
Time ranges: 2008-12-01 - 2009-11-30
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