Description: Das Projekt "Wirtschaftliche Auswertung von Staubminderungsverfahren in der europaeischen Zementindustrie" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Ökopol Institut für Ökologie und Politik GmbH durchgeführt. In EU Member States, emission limit values for dust from the cement industry vary between 15 mg/Nm3 for individual new kilns and 400 mg/Nm3 for some older existing kilns. For cement kilns that burn waste as a fuel, the European Commission has suggested an emission limit value of 30 mg dust/Nm3. The majority of dust emissions from the cement industry belong to the fine particulate fraction with an aerodynamic diameter below 10 mym (PM10). This PM10 fraction is of prime concern for human health, because the fine particulates intrude deeply into the human respiratory tract. Recently, the international debate on air quality is focusing on particulates because they seem to correlate best with severe health effects such as respiratory infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, childhood croup, bronchitis, and asthma. The external cost associated with these health effects are assumed to lie between 1000 ? and 7.00 ? per Mg of PM10. Abatement techniques for reduction of dust emissions which allow cement kilns to comply with an emission limit value of 30 mg/Nm3 or even 15 mg/Nm3 are readily available on the market. Depending on kiln configuration, kiln size and qualitay of equipment, the overall costs of dust abatment range from 0,5? to 1,5? per metric tonne of clinker produced. The marignal costs of improved dust abatement that enable new kilns to compley with the Commission Proposal are between 0,025? and 0,1? per Mg clinker produces, which is equivalent to a cost-benefit ratio between 1:1,25 and 1:37. A more ambitious reduction of dust emissions, i.e. to comply with an emission limit value of 15 mg/Nm3, may yield even more favourable cost-benefit ratios. For existing kilns with relatively high dust emissions, in many cases the installation of better dust filters will yield a net benefit. In individual cases, however, the upgrading may not result in a net benefit because the initial emission level of the kiln is already relatively low, while the costs for upgrading the existing filter equipment are high and at the same time the marginal benefit is assumed to be low due to site-specific factors. Experience shows that upgrading investments at existing kilns are preferably not made as an isolated action, but in the context of extensive modernisation investments which may include the concentration of several small kiln capacities in one larger unit.
Types:
SupportProgram
Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Zementindustrie ? Zement ? Aerodynamik ? Brennstoff ? Abfallverbrennung ? Europäische Kommission ? Gesundheitsschaden ? Ökologie ? Rauchgas ? Pflanzensamen ? Staubemission ? Strömungstechnik ? Staub ? PM10 ? Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen ? Asthma ? Atemtrakt ? Feinstaub ? Filter ? Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ? Lungenerkrankung ? Schadstoffemission ? Schlacke ? Staubminderung ? EU-Länder ? Partikelförmige Luftverunreinigung ? Emissionsgrenzwert ? Brennofen ? Emissionsminderung ? Luftqualität ? Externe Kosten ? Mensch ? Menschliche Gesundheit ? Atemwegserkrankung ? Europa ? Pseudokrupp ? Emission ? Infektion ? Investition ? Agasreinigung ?
Region: Hamburg
Bounding box: 9.99302° .. 9.99302° x 53.55073° .. 53.55073°
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Deutsch
Time ranges: 1998-12-30 - 1999-05-31
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