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Funktionelle Genomforschung an Blühgenen zur gezielten genetischen Modifikation des Blühzeitpunkts in Zuckerrübe - GABI - GENOFLOR -Teilprojekt A

Description: Das Projekt "Funktionelle Genomforschung an Blühgenen zur gezielten genetischen Modifikation des Blühzeitpunkts in Zuckerrübe - GABI - GENOFLOR -Teilprojekt A" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung durchgeführt. Background: The transition from vegetative to generative growth in the lifetime of a flowering plant is triggered by a number of genes together with endogenous stimuli as well as environmental cues, such as temperature or day length changes. To ensure optimal reproductive success, flowering plants have developed different life cycles. While annual species complete their life cycle in one year, biennial species need to overwinter and thus finish their life cycle in the second year. The genetic control of photoperiodic flowering has been elucidated in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, while many of the identified genes are structurally conserved in all known plants. Recently, the bolting locus BOLTING TIME CONTROL 1 (BTC1) was discovered to control annuality through regulation of the two beet FT homologs BvFT1 and BvFT2. BTC1 shares sequence homology with the PSEUDO RESPONSE REGULATOR 7 (PRR7) gene from A. thaliana which is part of the circadian clock system. A homolog of Arabidopsis PRR7 in beet, BvPRR7, was also identified, and work is in progress to determine the function of this gene which belongs to the same gene family like BTC1. Besides BTC1, several promising bolting time loci (B2, B3, B4) have been identified after an EMS mutagenesis of an annual beet accession. Dominant alleles at these loci promote annual bolting. Objectives: We aim to understand the genetic network that regulates floral transition in sugar beet, with the long-term objective of providing a tool kit for targeted modification of bolting and flowering time. Applications in plant breeding include suppression of vernalization-responsiveness to enable winter cultivation and marker-assisted selection for synchronization of flowering time for hybrid seed production, as well as understanding and expanding the evolutionary relationship of flowering time pathways between Beta and other species. Results: Putative orthologs of flowering time genes in model species were identified by homology-based methods, and 20 genes were mapped on a genetic map of sugar beet. Genome-wide transcript analyses have revealed new insights into the genetic and environmental regulation of floral transition in sugar beet. Recently, results from a functional characterization revealed that the FLC-like gene BvFL1 does not function as a major regulator of vernalization response in biennial beet, but overexpression results in a moderate late-bolting phenotype. By contrast, RNAi-induced down-regulation of the BvFT1-BvFT2 module led to a strong delay in bolting after vernalization by several weeks. The data demonstrate for the first time that an FLC homolog does not play a major role in the control of vernalization response in a dicot species outside the Brassicaceae.

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Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT

Tags: Kiel ? Gen ? Zuckerrübe ? Rübe ? Genetik ? Saatgut ? Pflanzensamen ? Tracer ? Anstrich ? Zweikeimblättrige ? Blüte ? Blütenpflanze ? Kartographie ? Pflanzenproduktion ? Regeltechnik ? Temperatur ? Winter ? Karte ? Blühzeitraum ? Daten ? Familie ? Management ? Pflanzenzüchtung ? Umweltschutzvorschrift ? Phänotyp ? Umweltveränderung ? Lebenszyklus ? Arbeit ? Bedarf ? Änderung ? Ems ? Produktlebensdauer ? Auslese ? FUNKTION ? KONTROLLE ? METHODE ? Muskelarbeit ? Mutagenese ? NEU ? PFAD ? Rübe [Pflanzenart] ? SONSTIG ? SPAREN ? STARK ? Sequenzierung ? VERANTWORTUNG ? Verwertung ? Art [Spezies] ? Wachstum [biologisch] ? BESCHREIBUNG ? ERGEBNIS ? EVOLUTIONAER ? FORTSCHRITT ?

Region: Schleswig-Holstein

Bounding box: 9.75° .. 9.75° x 54.2° .. 54.2°

License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0

Language: Deutsch

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Time ranges: 2008-02-01 - 2011-12-31

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