Description: Das Projekt "Alpines Klima und Klimaaenderungen: Eine Studie einiger Schluesselprozesse in der Atmosphaere" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Geographisches Institut, Abteilung Hydrologie durchgeführt. What is the relation of the larger scale flow and the regional climate in the Alpine region? Which are the key processes which govern the regional climate in response to the larger scale weather patterns? Are observed climatological precipitation distributions over the Alpine region reproducible with a state-of-the-art regional scale weather forecasting model? Global change will affect the Alpine region not only through the projected warming itself, but the most serious effects might be related to other variables such as precipitation. The prime objectives of our project are (i) to evaluate the predictability of the regional climate with special regard to precipitation, and (ii) to assess the sensitivity of critical atmospheric processes to global change. To this end, month-long current-day climate simulations with a regional atmospheric model are conducted (horizontal resolution between 14 and 56 km). The simulations are driven by and validated against observed data. The results show that in winter-time the simulations reproduce the observed distribution of precipitation remarkably well, while in summer-time the simulated precipitation patterns are qualitatively reasonable but not quantitatively satisfactory. This difference in model behavior is related to the dominance of convective precipitation processes during the summer season. The study enables us to better estimate the uncertainties inherent to climate scenarios in the Alpine region, and it does pinpoint towards critical processes which govern the regional precipitation distribution in response to the larger-scale forcing. Complementary information: The Alps as a major topographic barrier exert a pronounced impact on regional weather and climate. For example, on occasions they extract a significant fraction of the ambient atmospheric moisture content through various topographically-controlled precipitation mechanisms. These factors have a large impact on- the ecology and economy of the Alpine region, and they are also the key players in shaping the regional effects of a putative global climate change. Their impact is likely to exceed that related to the 'global warming' itself. The main tool for this study is a state-of-the-art, regional scale, physico-mathematical, numerical model. It is used to perform simulations of climate-determining weather events (time scale days to months) within the Alpine region, together with sensitivity studies of those events that relate to global change scenarios.
Types:
SupportProgram
Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Zürich ? Klimatologie ? Ökologie ? Main ? Luftbewegung ? Szenario ? Feuchtigkeitsmessung ? Globale Erwärmung ? Atmosphärenmodell ? Daten ? Jahreszeit ? Klimamodell ? Mathematisches Modell ? Mesoklima ? Messdaten ? Ökologische Wirksamkeit ? Prognosemodell ? Simulation ? Stand der Technik ? Studie ? Wettervorhersage ? Luftfeuchtigkeit ? Hochgebirge ? Alpen ? Niederschlag ? Klima ? Klimawandel ? Gebiet ? Atmosphäre ? Globale Aspekte ? Atmosphärischer Prozess ? Hydrologie ? Wetter ? Klimaszenario ? environmental dynamics ? Temperaturerhöhung ? lps ?
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Deutsch
Time ranges: 1993-01-01 - 1995-12-31
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