Description: Das Projekt "Ecology and Population Biology of Armillaria mellea s.l." wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Professur für Forstschutz und Dendrologie durchgeführt. The basidiomycete Armillaria mellea s.l. is one of the most important root rot pathogens of forest trees and comprises several species. The aim of the project is to identify the taxa occurring inSwitzerland and to understand their ecological behaviour. Root, butt and stem rots caused by different fungi are important tree diseases responsible for significant economic losses. Armillaria spp. occur world-wide and are important components of many natural and managed forest ecosystems. Armillaria spp. are known saprothrophs as well as primary and secondary pathogens causing root and butt rot on a large number of woody plants, including forest and orchard trees as well as grape vine and ornamentals. The identification of several Armillaria species in Europe warrants research in the biology and ecology of the different species. We propose to study A. cepistipes for the following reasons. First, A. cepistipes is dominating the rhizomorph populations in most forest types in Switzerland. This widespread occurrence contrasts with the current knowledge about A. cepistipes, which is very limited. Second, because the pathogenicity of A. cepistipes is considered low this fungus has the potential for using as an antagonist to control stump colonising pathogenic fungi, such as A. ostoyae and Heterobasidion annosum. This project aims to provide a better understanding of the ecology of A. cepistipes in mountainous Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests. Special emphasis will be given to interactions of A. cepistipes with A. ostoyae, which is a very common facultative pathogen and which often co-occurs with A. cepistipes. The populations of A. cepistipes and A. ostoyae will be investigated in mountainous spruce forests were both species coexist. The fungi will be sampled from the soil, from stumps and dead wood, and from the root system of infected trees to determine the main niches occupied by the two species. Somatic incompatibility will be used to characterise the populations of each species. The knowledge of the spatial distribution of individual genets will allow us to gain insights into the mode of competition and the mode of spreading. Inoculation experiments will be used to determine the variation in virulence expression of A. cepistipes towards Norway spruce and to investigate its interactions with A. ostoyae.
SupportProgram
Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Main ? Fichte ? Baumstamm ? Plattfisch ? Populationsökologie ? Weinrebe ? Waldbaum ? Waldschaden ? Obstwiese ? Baum ? Ökologie ? Brunnen ? Totholz ? Schweiz ? Baumkrankheit ? Basidiomyceten ? Biologie ? Waldboden ? Waldökosystem ? Pflanzenwurzel ? Bodenart ? Bodenprobe ? Rechtsverfahren ? Studie ? Pathogenität ? Pilz ? Modellierung ? Wertermittlung ? Europa ? Forschung ? Krankheitserreger ? Ökosystem ? Wald ? Bevölkerung ? Globale Aspekte ? Potenzial ? Kontrolle ? Boden ? Umweltverhalten ? Krankheit ? Sicherheitsüberprüfung ? Beimpfung ? Verhalten ? Verteilung ? Wechselwirkung ? besonder ? ein- ? eingeschränkt ? vorschlagen ? wichtig ? ökologisch ? ökonomisch ? Ermächtigung ? Experiment ? Großer Wald ? Impfung [Medizin] ? Probe ? Projekt ? Steuerung ? Art [Spezies] ? Unverträglichkeit ?
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Englisch/English
Time ranges: 2003-03-21 - 2025-03-31
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