Description: Das Projekt "Effects of biochar amendment on plant growth, microbial communities and biochar decomposition in agricultural soils" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau Deutschland e.V. durchgeführt. Biochar has a great potential to ameliorate arable soils, especially those that are low in organic matter due to intensive use or erosion. Biochar is carbonised organic material with high porosity that brings about changes in physical, chemical and biological soil functions. Biochar amended soils show a higher water and cation exchange capacity with reduced leaching and enhanced availability of plant nutrients. The microbial biomass in biochar amended soils is enhanced and more diverse. Biochar is stabilised organic material, which is likely to remain for hundreds of years in the soil. Photosynthetically fixed atmospheric CO2 stabilised in biochar may thus act as a direct carbon sink and help to mitigate climate change. As feedstock and production conditions produce different biochar qualities predictions of effects in soil need to consider biochar and soil properties case by case. To date biochar has been approved to ameliorate highly weathered tropical soils with positive effects on crop growth and yield. Distinct microbial groups were reported to be enhanced in soils but if this depends on the particular soil or biochar or a combination of both is an open question, especially in temperate climates. Likewise, it is not known if microorganisms colonising biochar surfaces are responsible for its mineralization or if they just use the new niches provided. The aim of the proposed project is to investigate the influence of two biochar types on soil-plant systems by determining i) soil nutrient availability, plant growth and nutrient uptake, ii) structure and function of soil microbial communities, iv) the decomposition and fate of biochar in soils. We will use two loessial soils from the well-known DOK-trial with different soil organic matter content. Other soils from the region will be selected to provide a wider range of soil quality, in particular pH. The biochars will be produced by pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) from the C4-plant Miscanthus gigantea. Pyrolysis derived material has bigger pore sizes due to the evaporating gasses and is commonly alkaline, whereas the HTC derived biochar has a finer pore size, a much higher oxygen content and more acidic functional groups.
Types:
SupportProgram
Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Naturwerkstoff ? Bodennährstoff ? Fisch ? Pflanzennährstoff ? Schlichtemittel ? Chinaschilf ? Biopharmazeutikum ? Biokoks ? Nährstoff ? Sauerstoff ? Erosion ? Brunnen ? Primärbatterie ? Material ? Pflanzenkohle ? HTC-Biokohle ? Strafrecht ? Organisches Material ? Thermalquelle ? Prognose ? Gesetzesnovellierung ? Wirkung ? Kationen ? Kohlendioxid ? Ackerboden ? Bodenwasser ? Datierung ? Austauschkapazität ? Pyrolyse ? Bodenstruktur ? Gebäude ? Kohlenstoffsenke ? Humusgehalt ? Wirkung ? Bodenqualität ? Chemikalien ? Ökologischer Landbau ? Mineralisation ? Nährstoffaufnahme ? Rohstoff ? Sauerstoffgehalt ? Tropengebiet ? Mikroorganismen ? Boden ? Verwitterung ? Gemäßigte Zone ? Ackerland ? Auslaugung ? Bodenfunktion ? Nährstoffverfügbarkeit ? Forschungseinrichtung ? Kenngröße ? Klimawandel ? Wetter ? Gebiet ? Bedarf ? Biomasse ? Produktion ? ORTSFEST ? Bepflanzung ? PROJEKT ? Pflanzenwachstum ? EINSATZ ? Porosität ? SONSTIG ? FRAGE ? VERBLEIB ? GRUPPE ? VERFUEGBARKEIT ? VERHAELTNIS ? FUNKTION ? Eindampfung ? HILF ? GEHALT ? AUSGEWAEHLT ? Wachstum [biologisch] ? carbon turnover ? microbial communities ? stable isotopes ? MISCHUNG ? NEU ? GEMEINSCHAFT ? NanoSIMS ? GROESST ? OBERFLAECHE ? Bemessung ? POTENZIAL ?
Region: Hessen
Bounding box: 9° .. 9° x 50.55° .. 50.55°
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Deutsch
Time ranges: 2011-11-01 - 2014-10-31
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