Description: Methane (CH4) is, after carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the largest contributors to global warming. Atmospheric CH4 concentrations are strongly influenced by soils, which can act as a source or sink. Biological CH4 oxidation occurs at the aerobic-anaerobic interface of diverse anaerobic environments like peat bogs, rice field soils, the vadose zone of contaminated aquifers, and landfills. Current field methods to measure biological CH4 transformations in soils mainly focus on gas flux measurements, which only describe net geochemical changes and do not give direct in-situ turnover rates of CH4 oxidation and production. The latter data are required to better interpret, and eventually predict future net CH4 fluxes into the atmosphere. Hence, there is a need to develop and implement robust methods for the in-situ measurements of microbial activities in soils. During our SNF project, we developed and implemented an in-situ method called Gas Push-Pull Test (GPPT) to assess microbial processes in soils with particular emphasis on CH4 oxidation. Our research shows that our method is robust, reproducible and that it can be applied to diverse environments. So far we have successfully used the GPPTs to estimate biological methane oxidation in an alpine peat bog in Eigenthal, Switzerland and above a petroleum-contaminated aquifer in Studen, Switzerland. One of our last research objectives is to investigate methane oxidation in landfills. Landfills are man-made environments that contribute significantly to atmospheric CH4 budgets. Since (i) on a mole basis CH4 infrared activity is about 25 times that of CO2, and (ii) the relative CH4 residence time in the atmosphere is shorter (7-10 yr) as compared to CO2 (100 yr), actions to mitigate CH4 emissions, in landfills for example, would have a fast response in the abatement of global warming. In this context and by using our GPPT as key tool, we are investigating the efficiency of landfill cover-soils to mitigate CH4 emissions. The investigated landfill is located in Liestal (BL), Switzerland. There the main goal is to investigate spatial and temporal variability in CH4 oxidation rates in the cover soil, and to estimate CH4 fluxes from the landfill surface. This information may allow us to compute CH4 mass balances.
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Tags: Maulwurf ? Reis ? Methanemission ? Erdöl ? Hochmoor ? Biopharmazeutikum ? Aerobe Bedingungen ? Anaerobe Bedingungen ? Geochemie ? Moor ? Schadstoffbelastung ? Gewächshaus ? Schweiz ? Deponie ? Kohlendioxid ? Methan ? Moorboden ? Torf ? Gasförmiger Stoff ? Globale Erwärmung ? Ungesättigte Zone ? Emission ? Ackerfläche ? Anthropogener Einfluss ? Bewertung ? Rechtsverfahren ? Grundwasserleiter ? in vitro ? Bilanzierung ? Oxidation ? Testsubstanz ? Wirkungsgrad ? Mikroorganismen ? Hochgebirge ? Biologische Aktivität ? Bodenprozess ? Messung ? Produktion ? Atmosphäre ? Daten ? Forschung ? in situ ? Umwelt ? Verkehr ? Gebiet ? Maßnahme ? Boden ? NEU ? Werkzeug ? BUDGET ? PROJEKT ? Prüfstand ? Bedarf ? Bodenbedeckung [Abdeckung] ? ANGEWANDT ? Beseitigung ? EIN ? BEWERTEN ? KONTAMINIEREN ? SCHNITTSTELLE ? STARK ? Konzentrat ? METHODE ? UNTERSUCHUNG ? VERANTWORTUNG ? VERFRACHTUNG ? BEISPIEL ? Bilanz [Betriebswirtschaft] ? VERGLEICHEN ? OBERFLAECHE ? Versuchsperson ?
License: Creative Commons Namensnennung-keine Bearbeitung-Nichtkommerziell 4.0
Language: Englisch/English
Time ranges: 2008-04-01 - 2008-09-30
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