Description: Das Projekt "Development of Optical Remote Sensing Instruments for volcanological Applications DORSIVA" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Heidelberg, Institut für Umweltphysik durchgeführt. The objectives of this project are to develop robust and reliable optical remote sensing instruments and measurement strategies for surveillance of volcanic gas emissions, and to test and demonstrate their use in field experiments. A major goal of the project is to provide a monitoring capability for remote and automated measurement of volcanic gas ratios and fluxes of SO2, HCl and HF with high temporal resolution, (1-5 minutes). This will represent a major advance in the toolkit of volcano observatories. It will also be highly significant to research teams interested in linking volcanic degassing to geophysical signals since it has never been possible before to obtain volcanic gas fluxes at comparable temporal resolution to seismic and geodetic data streams. The field data sets we shall obtain will provide important new insights into the plumbing system of the target volcanoes (expected to be Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, and Mount Etna, Italy) through integration of multi-parameter observations and modelling efforts. Why measure volcanic gases? Measurements of volcanic gases are of scientific importance for several reasons: Total emissions and relative concentrations of volcanic gases are important parameters for hazard assessment and risk mitigation. The project comprises development of two different types of optical remote sensing instruments, development of methodologies and measurement strategies based on these instruments, addressing specific volcanological applications, and testing and demonstration of these methodologies in field-experiments. All the suggested optical methods are based on absorption spectroscopy. Two principal different sources of radiation will be exploited in the project; scattered Sunlight and Solar occultation. Additionally, two principal different measurement strategies will be utilized; active measurements from mobile platforms, and automatic measurements using static remotely located systems. These two strategies are reflected in various hardware configurations. In the scattered Sunlight systems light scattered by molecules and aerosols are used with viewing geometries ranging from zenith to horizon. These systems are relatively independent of cloud cover, have flexible viewing geometries but are limited to the UV-region and are affected by various scattering phenomena. These systems are limited to measurements of SO2 and possibly BrO. In the Solar occultation system an active mirror system, a Solar tracker, directs the direct Sunlight into the spectrometer. These systems are limited to relatively clear skies and have restricted viewing geometry, but can be used over the whole region UV-VIS-IR and are less affected by scattering phenomena. With these systems SO2, HCl, HF and possibly BrO and CO2 can be measured. An important part of the project is to develop measurement strategies that address the specific applications related to volcanic gas measurements.
Types:
SupportProgram
Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Heidelberg ? Bewölkung ? Chlorwasserstoff ? Fluorwasserstoff ? Salzsäure ? Solarstrahlung ? Flusssäure ? UV-Strahlung ? Messtechnik ? Gasmessung ? Hardware ? Kohlendioxid ? Aerosol ? Schwefeldioxid ? Seismik ? Spektralanalyse ? Tektonik ? Verfahrenskombination ? Prognose ? Vulkanismus ? Strahlung ? Gasförmiger Stoff ? Absorption ? Geophysik ? Messverfahren ? Monitoring ? Risikoanalyse ? Emission ? Modellierung ? Freilandversuch ? Kenngröße ? Risiko ? Datenerhebung ? Fernerkundung ? Naturkatastrophe ? Optisches System ? Bromoxid ?
Region: Baden-Württemberg
Bounding box: 9° .. 9° x 48.5° .. 48.5°
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Deutsch
Time ranges: 2002-10-01 - 2005-09-30
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