Description: Das Projekt "Compound specific isotope analysis in aerosol, paleo climatological and ecological research" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Paul Scherrer Institut, Labor für Atmosphärenchemie durchgeführt. Lead: The use of stable carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen isotopes has proven to be a highly versatile and powerful tool in environmental sciences. Depending on the physical chemical processes we find specific isotopic fingerprints, which help to understand the development of e.g. aerosols or the environmental impacts on various plant components. It also has the potential of source identification of various pollutants. Background: During the synthesis of various chemical compounds in the soil or atmosphere or during the formation of biological materials the heavier isotopes diffuse and react more slowly and form slightly stronger chemical bonds, which either leads to an enrichment (leaf water H218O) or depletion (13C during photosynthesis) of the heavier isotopes in the final product. Thus each of the different compounds show a very specific isotopic ratio between the heavier and lighter element, which is the result of chemical transformation processes. Usually whole leaves, aerosols or soil material is analyzed, which was mostly sufficient. Today, an increasing number of new results and an improved understanding of the biogeochemical and atmospheric processes demand for a more thorough explanation on a molecular level. Thus the next logical step is the compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA), allowing the separation, identification and the determination of its isotopic ratio. Therefore the isotope ratio in such specific compounds is key for identifying specific processes. This is instrumental for tracing the molecular flows and further a deepened understanding of the physical, chemical and biological mechanisms. Goal: The identification of such specific processes will help to understand the development of certain products (e.g. the formation of secondary organic aerosols) or changes in metabolic processes due to climatic impacts on the vegetation, which results in specific isotopic variations (e.g. in plant material like leaves or tree rings, the latter an important indicator for climate variations). This provides the basis for an improved understanding of the interactions between vegetation and atmosphere, like the exchange or formation of trace gases as a result of various metabolic processes. Significance: Analytical advances in the measurement of stable isotope ratios on individual organic compounds provide a new set of tools for ecology, ecosystem and atmospheric sciences where the molecular specificity and the isotopic signature of compounds can be explored concomitantly. The scope of applications is large and will provide new levels of process understanding for new mechanistic research directions in atmosphere and ecosystem sciences.
Types:
SupportProgram
Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Tierhaltungsanlage ? Jahresring ? Biopharmazeutikum ? Pflanzenökologie ? Vegetation ? Vegetationsdynamik ? Biogeochemie ? Baum ? Kohlenstoff ? Ökologie ? Sauerstoff ? Spurengas ? Stickstoff ? Umweltauswirkung ? Wasserstoff ? Blei ? Material ? Aerosol ? Bodenwasser ? Laubblatt ? Photosynthese ? Stoffwechselprodukt ? Organische Verbindung ? Gasförmiger Stoff ? Atmosphärische Wissenschaften ? Gelöster organischer Kohlenstoff ? Isotop ? Abscheidung ? Bioakkumulation ? Bodenbildung ? Bodenluft ? Chemikalien ? Chemisches Verfahren ? Gasaustausch ? Schadstoffanalyse ? Synthese ? Boden ? Ökosystemforschung ? Chemische Verbindung ? Wirkung ? Umweltwissenschaft ? Messung ? Bildung ? Indikator ? Anreicherung ? Arbeit ? Atmosphäre ? Atmosphärenchemie ? Forschung ? Klima ? Klimawirkung ? Ökosystem ? Produkt ? Stoffwechsel ? Umwelt ? Schadstoff ? Änderung ? Atmosphärischer Prozess ? Isotopenverhältnis ? WISSENSCHAFT ? Fluss [Bewegung] ? Genetischer Fingerabdruck ? BESTANDTEIL ? HILF ? BAEUME ? ANALYTISCH ? AUSTAUSCHEN ? Klimabelastung ? Laub ? NACHFRAGE ? Werkzeug ? NEU ? compo ? EINSATZ ? POTENZIAL ? SPEZIFISCH ? ENTWICKLUNG ? STARK ? ERFASSUNG ? BIOGEOCHEMISCH ? ERGEBNIS ? Stall ? FORMBLAETTER ? VERARBEITEN ? VERBINDUNG ? Vermehrung ? specific isotope analysis ? Verwertung ? WICHTIG ? FORTSCHRITTLICH ? Wechselwirkung ?
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Deutsch
Time ranges: 2010-03-01 - 2011-02-28
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