Description: Das Projekt "WOOd combustion and SHIpping - Primary aerosol emissions and secondary aerosol formation potential (WOOSHI)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Paul Scherrer Institut, Labor für Atmosphärenchemie durchgeführt. Wood burning and shipping emissions represent two poorly understood sources of primary and secondary organic aerosol (POA and SOA) that have potentially serious health and environmental effects. Emissions from deep sea transport vessels are a serious environmental problem due to high heavy metal and condensed aromatic hydrocarbon content. Neither the detailed POA composition nor the SOA-forming potential have yet been investigated in enough detail. Although the direct emissions from wood combustion are well studied, investigation of SOA formation has only recently begun and the current knowledge is still rather fragmentary and poor. A clear deficiency is the need to study the ageing of the exhaust, including the SOA production, at temperatures relevant for the winter time conditions when such domestic emissions are particularly important. A comprehensive and unprecedented combination of instruments, some recently developed, will be used in this study to analyze the carbonaceous particles.. The aim of the ship emissions component of the study is the consideration of the total aerosol produced by ship diesel motors operated with HFO (Heavy Fuel Oil) in comparison e.g. MGO (Marine Gas Oil), including both directly emitted aerosol and aerosol produced via plume ageing. This requires detailed chemical characterization of directly emitted substances and also those substance produced by direct ageing of emitted particles, gas-phase reactions, and the interaction of the gaseous and liquid/solid phase at the particle surface. This last process includes SOA formation, a potentially major and poorly characterized source of OA mass from ship emissions. Therefore these gas-particle-interactions will be studied under controlled conditions in a recently-developed mobile smogchamber. This novel approach enables combining the direct sampling of real ship emissions with the controlled aging conditions achievable in conventional (stationary) smogchambers. As research on emissions form deep-sea navigation are only just beginning, measurement of the physicochemical properties of the direct particle emissions are valuable of themselves, while the controlled aging experiments in the mobile smogchamber are completely new. The utility of these experiments will be enhanced by studying the effects of different fuels on the produced POA and SOA. For the wood burning experiments, the purpose is the quantitative characterization of the total aerosol produced under conditions relevant for wintertime domestic wood burning. While much effort has been devoted to studying wood burning POA, wood burning SOA is not well understood.(...)
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Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Dieselkraftstoff ? Treibstoff ? Östrogene Wirkung ? Allergene Wirkung ? Brennstoff ? Aromatischer Kohlenwasserstoff ? Messgerät ? Atmosphärisches Aerosol ? Schwefelsäure ? Umweltauswirkung ? Schwermetall ? Schweiz ? Bioaerosol ? Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen ? Außenluft ? Schadstoffemission ? Emissionsquelle ? Massenspektrometrie ? Partikelemission ? Temperatur ? Tiefsee ? Verbrennung ? Luftverschmutzung ? Schweröl ? Atmosphärische Wissenschaften ? Abgasuntersuchung ? Aerosol ? Chemikalien ? Emission ? Emissionsminderung ? Fruchtbarkeit ? Holzfeuerung ? Klimamodell ? Kondensation ? Oxidation ? Schiff ? Seeschifffahrt ? Staat ? Studie ? Umwelthygiene ? Stoff ? Messung ? Schiffsemission ? Verkehr ? Klima ? Substituierbarkeit ? Schadstoffquelle ? Forschung ? Schifffahrt ? Klimawirkung ? Partikel ? Arbeit ? Atmosphäre ? Seesalzaerosol ? Cadmiumaerosol ? Stratosphärisches Aerosol ? smogchamber ? Werkzeug ? Heizöl [schwer] ? Organic aerosol ? Schwermetallaerosol ? Bleiaerosol ? ship engine ? Alterung ? Aerosolentstehung ?
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Englisch/English
Time ranges: 2013-01-01 - 2015-12-31
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