Description: Das Projekt "Native plants and mycorrhizal fungi in wind erosion control in the Kailash-Manasarovar region (Tibet, China)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Professur für Forstschutz und Dendrologie durchgeführt. We study the effects of plants and root-associated fungi on wind erosion within the alpine environment of Tibet. China is one of the countries most affected by desertification processes and Tibet, in particular, a key region in desertification combat. The presented project focuses on the Barkha Plain surrounded by Mount Kailash and the Lake of Manasarovar (Ngari Prefecture). This Western Tibet region experienced little scientific attention but, nowadays, faces rapidly increasing touristic activities and expanding local settlements associated with socio-economic changes that are serious threats to the delicate ecological balance and potential triggers of desertification. It exists almost unanimous agreement that revegetation is the most efficient and promising strategy to combat wind erosion and desertification in the long term. However, re-colonising success is often poor, mainly under extreme environmental conditions. Compared to conventional practices, the approach of the presented project attains better accordance with natural succession processes and promises acceleration of both plant and soil development and, conclusively, more efficient desertification control. The project assesses the potential of native plants and symbiotic fungi to control wind erosion and desertification processes. It aims to identify key plants and fungi that increase soil aggregate stability and efficiently drive succession into a natural and self-maintaining cycle of the ecosystem. Furthermore, it provides crucial information for implementing environmentally compatible and cost-effective measures to protect high-elevation ecosystems against desertification. Within three successional stages (early, intermediate, late), field investigations are performed on the basis of Modified-Whittaker plots. Classic methods of vegetation analysis and myco-sociology are combined with analysis of distribution patterns at different scales (patchiness, connectivity). Comprehensive soil analysis is performed comprising grain size distribution, aggregate stability, pH as well as water and nutrient contents. Additionally, important parameters of wind erosion are measured concurrently and continuously to assess their magnitude and variability with respect to vegetation and soil at different levels of development. The parameters addressed, include sediment transport, air temperature, radiation, precipitation, relative humidity as well as speed and direction of wind. Surface moisture is recorded periodically and roughness described. Species and environmental parameters are checked for spatial correlation. Cutting edge technologies are applied in laboratory work, comprising molecular methods for fungal species identification and micro-tomography to analyse soil structure. Furthermore, successfully cultivated fungi and plants are subject of synthesis experiments and industrial propagation in view of practical implementation in restoration measures.
Types:
SupportProgram
Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Hirsch ? Bodenvegetation ? Zürich ? Nährstoffgehalt ? Schlichtemittel ? Vegetation ? Seen ? Winderosion ? Dendrologie ? Vegetationsdynamik ? Resistenz ? Wind ? Erosion ? Brunnen ? China ? Main ? Tibet ? Bodenstruktur ? Bodenverbesserung ? Erosionsschutz ? Fällungsreaktion ? Lufttemperatur ? Regenwasser ? Rekultivierung ? Sozioökonomie ? Strahlenschutz ? Wirkung ? Desertifikation ? Pflanzenwurzel ? Strahlung ? Korngrößenverteilung ? Wirkung ? Sedimentdynamik ? Bewässerung ? Bodenbelastung ? Bodenbildung ? Bodenqualität ? Bodenökosystem ? Bodenuntersuchung ? Marktforschung ? Studie ? Sukzession ? Synthese ? Vertrag ? Waldschutz ? Wassergehalt ? Pilz ? Sanierungsmaßnahme ? Bodenfeuchte ? Wasser ? Boden ? Hochgebirge ? Flachland ? Desertifikationsbekämpfung ? Messung ? Umweltverträglichkeit ? Ökologisches Gleichgewicht ? Ökosystem ? Fahrradfahren ? Sicherheitsmaßnahme ? Soziologie ? Arbeit ? Umwelt ? Sedimenttransport ? Sanierung ? Fläche ? Kenngröße ? Feuchtigkeit ? Übereinkommen ? Gebiet ? Kosten ? Potenzial ? Kontrolle ? Maßnahme ? Naturhaushalt ? Strategische Aspekte ? Niederschlag ? Begrünung ? Staatsbürger ? Werkzeug ? Steuerung ? Gegenwart ? Verteilung ? ökonomisch ? Windrichtung ? Zeitschrift ? Projekt ? bestehend ? Art [Spezies] ? ein- ? Bemessung ? Sicherheitsüberprüfung ? Land ? Armatur ? extrem ? Setzung ? klassisch ? Annäherung ? Touristenaktivität ? Bodeneffizienz ? Dauer ? Ablagerung ? See [Binnengewässer] ? konventionell ? unter ? vergleichen ? wichtig ? wissenschaftlich ? Umland ? Verhältnis ? Methode ? Vermehrung ? Länder ?
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Deutsch
Time ranges: 2007-09-01 - 2024-11-29
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