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Fuel cell power trains and clustering in heavy-duty transports (FELICITAS)

Das Projekt "Fuel cell power trains and clustering in heavy-duty transports (FELICITAS)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Fraunhofer-Institut für Verkehrs- und Infrastruktursysteme IVI durchgeführt. Objective: The FELICITAS consortium proposes an Integrated Project to develop fuel cell (FC) drive trains fuelled with both hydrocarbons and hydrogen. The proposed development work focuses on producing FC systems capable of meeting the exacting demands of heavy-dut y transport for road, rail and marine applications. These systems will be: - Highly efficient, above 60Prozent - Power dense, - Powerful units of 200kW plus, - Durable, robust and reliable. Two of the FC technologies most suitable for heavy-duty transport applic ations are Polymer Electrolyte FuelCells (PEFC) and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC). Currently neither technology is capable of meeting the wideranging needs of heavy-duty transport either because of low efficiencies, PEFC, or poor transient performance,SO FC. FELICITAS proposes the development of high power Fuel Cell Clusters (FCC) that group FC systems with other technologies, including batteries, thermal energy and energy recuperation.The FELICITAS consortium will first undertake the definition of the requirements on FC power trains for the different heavy-duty transport modes. This will lead to the development of FC power train concepts, which through the use of advanced multiple simulations, will undertake evaluations of technical parameters, reliab ility and life cycle costs. Alongside the development of appropriate FC power trains the consortium will undertake fundamental research to adapt and improve existing FC and other technologies, including gas turbines, diesel reforming and sensor systems f or their successful deployment in the demanding heavy-duty transport modes. This research work will combine with the FC power trains design and simulation work to provide improved components and systems, together with prototypes and field testing where ap propriate.The FELICITAS consortium approach will substantially improve European FC and associated technology knowledae and know-how in the field of heavv-duty transport.

D 7: Research for improved fish nutrition and fish health in upland aquaculture systems in Yen Chau, Son La Province, Northern Vietnam

Das Projekt "D 7: Research for improved fish nutrition and fish health in upland aquaculture systems in Yen Chau, Son La Province, Northern Vietnam" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Tierproduktion in den Tropen und Subtropen (480), Fachgebiet Aquakultur-Systeme und Tierernährung in den Tropen und Subtropen (490i) durchgeführt. Background: Aquaculture significantly contributes to protein supply and cash income of Black Thai farmers in Yen Chau, Son La province, Northern Vietnam. Fish is produced for cash income (2/3rd) and subsistence (1/3rd) while self recruiting species (small fish, crustaceans and molluscs) provide additional protein for home consumption. The current aquaculture system is a polyculture of the macroherbivorous grass carp as main species together with 3-5 other non-herbivorous fish species like Common Carp, Silver Carp, Bighead Carp, Mud Carp, Silver Barb and Nile Tilapia. With a rearing period of 21 months, the productivity of the aquaculture system amounts to 1.54 +- 0.33 t ha-1 a-1 and can be characterized as low. Nearly each household has at least one pond, which serves multiple purposes and is operated as a flow-through-system. The steady water flow is advantageous for the culture of grass carp, but causes a continuous loss of nutrients and high turbidity and thereby limits the development of phytoplankton and zooplankton which are natural food for non-herbivorous species. The farmers are using mainly green leaves (banana, bamboo, cassava, maize and grass) and crop residues (rice bran, rice husk, cassava root peel, distillery residue) as feed input, which is available to Grass Carp while non-herbivorous fish species are not fed specifically. Manure is used as fertilizer. The uneaten parts of fed plants are sometimes accumulating in the pond over several years, resulting in heavy loads of organic matter causing oxygen depletion. Anaerobic sediment and water layers limit the development of zoobenthos and may provide a habitat for anaerobe disease agents. Since 2003 an unknown disease condition has been threatening Grass Carp production and is having a major economic impact on the earnings from fish farming in Yen Chau region. Other fish in the same ponds are not affected. Especially in March-April and in September-October the disease is causing high morbidity and mortalities of Grass Carp in affected ponds and is thereby decreasing the dietary protein supply and income generation of Black Thai farmers. Little is known about the definition or aetiology of the disease condition.

Calcium cycle for efficient and low cost CO2 capture in fluidized bed systems (C3-CAPTURE)

Das Projekt "Calcium cycle for efficient and low cost CO2 capture in fluidized bed systems (C3-CAPTURE)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Stuttgart, Fakultät für Energietechnik, Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Dampfkesselwesen durchgeführt. Objectives: The project aims on developing a dry CO2 capture system for atmospheric and pressurized fluidized bed boilers. The atmospheric option will be developed towards a pilot plant application. For the pressurized option the project seeks for a proof of principle to determine if the advantages of a pressurized capture system can balance the problems known from existing PFBC systems. The quantifiable objectives are: - Low CO2 capture costs (less than 20 Euro/t for atmospheric, less than 12 Euro/t for pressurized sy stems) - Acceptable efficiency penalty for CO2 capture (less than about equal to 6 percent nel). - greater than 90 percent carbon capture for new power plants and greater than 60 percent for retrofitted existing plants - A purge gas stream containing greater than 95 percent CO2 - A solid purge usable for cement production - Sim ultaneous sulphur and CO2 removal with sulphur recovery option Approach: Limestone is a CO2 carrier. The CO2 can be released easily in a conventional calcination process, well known in the cement and lime industry. By integrating a closed carbonation/calc ination loop in the flue gas of a conventional CFB-boiler, the CO2 in the flue gas can be removed. The heat required for calcination is released during carbonation and can be utilised efficiently (high temperature) in the steam cycle of the boiler. Concent rated CO2 can be generated when using oxygen blown calcination. Because the fuel required for supplying heat for calcination is only a fraction of the total fuel requirements, the required oxygen is only about 1/3 of the oxygen required for oxyfuel process es. The work programme: 1.Definition of the technical and economic boundary conditions 2.Selection and improvement of sorbent materials 3.Lab scale and semi-technical scale process development (experimental work) 4.Technical and economic evaluation 5.Des ign of a 1 MWth Pilot plant.

Teilprojekt 3.2: Safe Water Reuse

Das Projekt "Teilprojekt 3.2: Safe Water Reuse" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Technischen Umweltschutz, Fachgebiet Wasserreinhaltung durchgeführt. Problemstellung: Ziel des Projektes ist die Entwicklung, Anwendung und Demonstration verschiedener wissenschaftlicher, technischer und sozio-ökonomischer Verfahren und Lösungen, die zu einem effektiven und nachhaltigen Wassermanagement in der 'Stadt der Zukunft (Projektion 30-50 Jahre in die Zukunft) beitragen. Im Teilprojekt 3.2 sollen nachhaltige Behandlungs- und Speichertechnologien für die sichere Abwasserwiederverwendung entwickelt und demonstriert werden. Aufgabe der Technischen Universität Berlin ist die Definition geeigneter Schadstoffsenken als Komponenten und Schadstoffbarrieren in einem indirekten Abwasserwiederverwendungssystem zur Trinkwassernutzung (indirect potable reuse). Vorgehensweise: Folgende Teilaspekte werden im Rahmen von Pilotexperimenten im Klärwerk Ruhleben und in Laborexperimenten untersucht: - selektive Phosphatentfernung durch Fällung und Adsorption an granuliertes Eisenhydroxid (GEH) zur Nachbehandlung und sicheren Entsorgung von Membrankonzentraten; - Biofiltration zur Entfernung fouling-aktiver Substanzen im Abwasser zur Kontrolle der Deckschichtbildung als Vorbehandlungsstufe einer Ultrafiltration Ergebnisse: Erste Ergebnisse zeigen, dass induzierte Fällung und Adsorption an Metalloxide geeignete Aufbereitungsstrategien für Membrankonzentrate sind. Untersuchungen zur Prozessoptimierung sind im Gange. Biofiltration erweist sich als effektive Möglichkeit, die als Hauptverursacher für die Deckschichtbildung identifizierten Biopolymere zu entfernen.

Sustainable Holistic Approaches and Know-how Tailored to India (SHAKTI)

Das Projekt "Sustainable Holistic Approaches and Know-how Tailored to India (SHAKTI)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Karlsruhe, Geologisches Institut, Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Geologie durchgeführt. Das Projekt Sustainable Holistic Approaches and Know-how Tailored to India (SHAKTI) wird im Rahmen des BMBF Förderprogramms Global Change - Forschungs für die nachhaltige Entwicklung der Megastädte von Morgen unterstützt und von einem Indisch-Deutschen Konsortium bearbeitet. Neben den Koordinatoren - European Institute for Energy Research (EIfER) und Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI) - beteiligen sich zahlreiche deutsche und indische Forschungsinstitute, NGOs, lokale und regionale Verwaltungseinrichtungen, öffentliche und private Versorgungsunternehmen. SHAKTI fokussiert auf die Stadt Hyderabad, die Hauptstadt der Provinz Andhra Pradesh im Südosten Indiens gelegen. Hohen Wachstumsraten, vor allem im Bereich neuer Technologien, die sich in der Peripherie ansiedeln (Cyberabad) steht ein muslimisch geprägter Altstadtkern mit zunehmender Bevölkerungsverdichtung und mangelhafter Infrastruktur entgegen. Diese Situation bildet den Spannungsbogen, der bei der künftigen Entwicklung zu berücksichtigen ist. Auf der Basis von bereits existierenden Zielsetzungen sollen in der Stadt Hyderabad gemeinsam mit den lokalen Partnern Entwicklungsperspektiven und Problemlösungsstrategien erarbeitet werden. Darauf aufbauend werden integrierte Projekte für die Umsetzungsphase initiiert, die sowohl kurzfristigen Herausforderungen begegnen als auch mittel- und langfristige Anforderungen einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung berücksichtigen. Die Definition und Priorisierung der Problembereiche erfolgt überwiegend vor dem Hintergrund der Vor-Ort-Kenntnisse der indischen Partner, während Strategien und konkrete Projekte durch gemeinsame Lern- und Kommunikationsprozesse entwickelt werden. In SHAKTI wurden drei strategische Ziele definiert: Nachhaltige Konzepte und Strategien im Umgang mit schnellem Wachstum, Nachhaltige Modernisierung und Anpassung der städtischen technischen Infrastrukturen (Wasser, Abwasser, Energie, Verkehr), Anpassungsfähige und integrierte Lern- und Planungsprozesse unter Einbeziehung relevanter Interessenvertreter. Die konkreten Aufgaben der Angewandten Geologie Karlsruhe sind dabei: Task 1.1 Background study on urban water resources with special attention to groundwater related problems in the Hyderabad administrative area. Task 1.2 Report on alternative water management strategies available for Hyderabad. Task 1.3. Implementation plan for research & demonstration activities in the second project stage. Task 1.4. Input for WP 7 Monitoring & Evaluation.

Driving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicine (DRUID)

Das Projekt "Driving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicine (DRUID)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt) durchgeführt. Objective: As consumption of psychoactive substances such as alcohol, drugs and certain medicines are likely to endanger the drivers aptitude and impaired driving is still one of the major causes for road accidents, some active steps have to be taken to reach the goal of a 50% reduction in the number of road deaths in the EU. The objective of DRUID is to give scientific support to the EU transport policy to reach the 2010th road safety target by establishing guidelines and measures to combat impaired driving. DRUID will - conduct reference studies of the impact on fitness to drive for alcohol, illicit drugs and medicines and give new insights to the real degree of impairment caused by psychoactive drugs and their actual impact on road safety - generate recommendations for the definition of analytical and risk thresholds - analyse the prevalence of drugs and medicines in accidents and in general driving, set up a comprehensive and efficient epidemiological database.

Technical Support for the revision of ecolabel and green public procurement GPP Criteria Lot 1

Das Projekt "Technical Support for the revision of ecolabel and green public procurement GPP Criteria Lot 1" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Öko-Institut. Institut für angewandte Ökologie e.V. durchgeführt. The project's objective is to support JRC IPTS in revising the existing Ecolabel and GPP criteria of personal computers and notebook computers. The priority in this revision process is to first analyse which of the existing criteria and the supporting evidence are still valid and to identify the additional research that should be carried out. Potential additional criteria can be developed, if identified as necessary in the course of the study. The study starts with a definition of the scope; the necessarity for new or revised Ecolabel and GPP criteria is based on a market analysis and a technical analysis with research on the most significant environmental impacts during the whole life cycle of the products. This also includes the application of a consistent methodological approach regarding the hazardous substances criteria. Based on these findings, the improvement potential will be derived resulting in a proposal for a revised Ecolabel and GPP criteria set for desktop and notebook computers which will be discussed in a European stakeholder process.

Technical Support for the revision of ecolabel and green public procurement GPP Criteria Lot 4

Das Projekt "Technical Support for the revision of ecolabel and green public procurement GPP Criteria Lot 4" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Öko-Institut. Institut für angewandte Ökologie e.V. durchgeführt. The project's objective is to support JRC IPTS in revising the existing Ecolabel and GPP criteria of televisions. The priority in this revision process is to first analyse which of the existing criteria and the supporting evidence are still valid and to identify the additional research that should be carried out. Potential additional criteria can be developed, if identified as necessary in the course of the study. The study starts with a definition of the scope; the necessarity for new or revised Ecolabel and GPP criteria is based on a market analysis and a technical analysis with research on the most significant environmental impacts during the whole life cycle of the products. This also includes the application of a consistent methodological approach regarding the hazardous substances criteria. Based on these findings, the improvement potential will be derived resulting in a proposal for a revised Ecolabel and GPP criteria set for televisions which will be discussed in a European stakeholder process.

17. Europäische Biomasse Konferenz & Ausstellung

Das Projekt "17. Europäische Biomasse Konferenz & Ausstellung" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von WIP, Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur GmbH & Co Planungs-KG durchgeführt. Ziel ist die Vorbereitung und Durchführung der 17. Europäischen Biomasse Konferenz und Ausstellung am Standort CCH Hamburg in Deutschland. Die Arbeitsplanung umfasst alle Arbeitsschritte von der Standortsuche für den Fachkongress über die Definition der Fachinhalte, die Bestimmung und Einladung des wissenschaftlichen Komitees, die Ausschreibung der Fachthemen und die Ausschreibung der Einladung zu Beiträgen, die Auswertung der Beiträge, bis zur Programmgestaltung und Publizierung des Programms. Die Arbeitsschritte sind Bestandteil der Arbeitsplanung, die der Anlage AZA 'Kongresse und Tagungen' beigegeben ist. Es werden ca. 900 ausgewählte Beiträge anlässlich der Konferenz erwartet. Diese Beiträge sind jeweils von einem wissenschaftlichen Komitee von ca. 60 wissenschaftlichen 'Paper Reviewern' und ca. 30 internationalen Komiteemitgliedern ausgewählt. Sie erstrecken sich über die Bereiche Biomasse Ressourcen, Biomasse-Konvertierung zu Wärme, Strom und zu industriellen Materialien und chemischen Produkten, Brennstoffe/Treibstoffe aus Biomasse, die Produkt-Marktfragen, und die nicht-technischen Bereiche der Biomasse bezogenen 'policies' sowie Fragen der Nachhaltigkeit. Die ca. 900 Beiträge zu diesen Themen werden auf DVD veröffentlicht. Dies ist ein Kompendium von ca. 3.000 Seiten des state-of-the-art im Jahr 2009 für die gesamte Breite der Biomasse Nutzung, Konvertierung und der Produktzuführung zum Markt.

The Carbon Sink Strength of Beech in a Changing Environment: Experimental Risk Assessment of Mitigation by Chronic Ozone Impact (CASIROZ)

Das Projekt "The Carbon Sink Strength of Beech in a Changing Environment: Experimental Risk Assessment of Mitigation by Chronic Ozone Impact (CASIROZ)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Technische Universität München, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt, Department Ökologie, Lehrstuhl für Ökophysiologie der Pflanzen durchgeführt. The project aims at clarifying the vulnerability of adult beech trees, growing under Central-European stand conditions, to the tropospheric, chronic ozone (O3) impact. O3 as being part of 'Global Change may constrain the carbon sink strength of trees under the expected atmospheric CO2 enrichment. A novel 'Free-Air Canopy O3 Exposure' system, creating an experimentally enhanced O3regime within the canopy (relative to 'control' trees in unchanged air), is employed for analyzing O3-induced responses that are relevant for the carbon balance and CO2 demand of the trees. For relating tree performance to effective O3 doses rather than O3 exposure, the O3 flux concept into leaves will be examined and validated against AOT40. Response patterns will be assessed, integrating the cell, organ and whole-tree level, while making use of molecular, biochemical and ecophysiological methodologies. In addition, branch cuvette fumigations and exposure of young beech plants inside the stand canopy will validate the ecological significance of former O3 studies in phytotrons, open-top chambers or on single branches in tree crowns. Evidence will be incorporated into mechanistic modeling for scaling to the stand level and quantifying O3 impact for 'Global Change' scenarios. This process-oriented risk assessment will guide environmental policy making. The objective is to assess the vulnerability of adult beech trees to the ground level, chronic O3 impact by employing a novel 'Free-Air Canopy O3 Exposure' system that experimentally enhances the O3 exposure within the forest canopy. Ozone is viewed as one component in 'Global Change' scenarios in that it may mitigate the supposed increases in productivity under elevated CO2 conditions by reducing the carbon sink strength of trees and forests. This issue is regarded relevant, as recent experiments suggest such an antagonistic interaction between ozone and CO2 in plant performance. Prognoses indicate further increase in chronic, ground level O3 exposure to occur during the 21st century across the northern hemisphere, and deficits in knowledge are still significant, in particular regarding the responsiveness of advanced tree age and current O3 threshold definitions like AOT40. (...) The major outcome of this study will be the elaboration of a database needed for the management of trees and stands under the chronic, enhanced ground level O3 regimes. This includes mechanistic knowledge regarding threshold definitions of O3 flux (uptake) rather than exposure. The most important relevance of the elaborated results will be for the UNECE Level II and III concepts about 'Critical Levels for Ozone and the UNECE ICP-Forests. In particular, impacts on practical development strategies will be (1) evaluation tools to assess modifications of the CO2 sink strength of forests due to additional impacts, in the present case ozone (cf. Kyoto protocols) and (2) quantification of factors modifying the O3 effect on adult beech forest trees, Etc.

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