This dataset provides half-hourly model output of sensible and latent heat fluxes simulated by three structurally different evapotranspiration schemes for a temperate grassland site in Luxembourg. All models use surface energy and meteorological observations as input. The observational data were collected during a field campaign in June and July 2015 and are distributed as complementary dataset by Wizemann et al., 2018. Two models are based on a parameterization of the sensible heat flux (OSEB, TSEB; see Brenner et al., 2017) and one model (STIC 1.2, Mallick et al., 2016) is a modification of the Penman-Monteith formulation using skin temperature as additional input variable. For details please see the reference article Renner et al., 2019, HESS. The data is provided as comma-separated-values (csv) format in a long table format. Columns represent Date, Time, variable, value, source. The column “variable” sets the name of the variable (following CEOP standards, https://www.eol.ucar.edu/field_projects/ceop). Column “source” describes the data source with an acronym representing the models (OSEB, TSEB, STIC).The data contributes to the Joint Research Group "Catchments As Organized Systems" (CAOS) funded by the German Research Foundation.Methods: land-surface modelling, evapotranspiration schemes
This dataset provides half-hourly surface energy balance measurements for a temperate grassland site in Luxembourg. The data were obtained during a field campaign in June and July 2015. The observations comprise multiple variables measurements by an Eddy-Covariance station, a net radiometer, soil moisture, temperature and soil heat flux probes and meteorological standard measurements. For details please see the reference article Renner et al. (2019, HESS) with the general setup described in Wizemann et al., 2015. The data are complemented by half-hourly model output of sensible and latent heat fluxes that are published as individual data publication (Renner et al., 2018).The data is provided as comma-separated-values (csv) format in a long table format. Columns represent Date, Time, variable, value, source. The column “variable” sets the name of the variable (following CEOP standards) with an information of the measurement depth for soil measurements. Column “source” describes the data source with an acronym(Observations “ObsEC”).The data contributes to the Joint Research Group "Catchments As Organized Systems" (CAOS) funded by the German Research Foundation.Methods: Eddy Covariance, Surface energy balance observations
The dataset consist of time series of hourly rain rates and mean radar reflectivity factor (herein after referred to as reflectivity) near the ground, 100 meter and 1500 meter above the ground at six locations in the Attert catchment in Luxembourg. The time series cover a time span of 4 years (from the 1st of October 2012 tor the 30th of September 2016). The dataset was derived from drop size measurements we conducted at six stations with six laser optical disdrometers and two micro rain radars (MRR) within the CAOS Project (DFG Research Group: From Catchments as Organized Systems to Models based on Functional Units (FOR 1598). The time series of rain rates and radar reflectivity factors (reflectivities) were calculated (derived) via the 3.5th and 6th statistical moments of the drop size distributions using the particular raw data of drop sizes and fall velocities. The primary reason for the measurements was to improve radar based quantitative precipitation estimation in general and the conversion of the reflectivity Z (measured by operational weather radar) to a rain rate R at the ground via the so-called Z-R relation within a mesoscale catchment.GENERAL CONVENTIONS:• Time extent: 1.10.2012 00:00 – 30.09.2016 23:00 (35064 values)• Time reference: UTC • Time stamp: end• Time resolution: 1h• Time series are equidistant and gapless• Missing values: NaN• Delimiter: ; (semicolon)• decimal separator: . (point)STATION LOCATIONS:Name; Abbreviation; Latitude (WGS-84); Longitude(WGS-84); height a.s.l; InstrumentationOberpallen;OPA; 49.73201°; 5.84712°;287 m; disdrometer Useldange;USL; 49.76738°; 5.96756°; 280 m; disdrometer and MRR Ell;ELL; 49.76558°; 5.84401°; 290 m; disdrometer Post;POS; 49.75394°; 5.75481°; 345 m; disdrometer Petit-Nobressart;PIN; 49.77938°; 5.80526°; 374 m; disdrometer and MRR Hostert-Folschette;HOF; 49.81267°; 5.87008°; 435 m; disdrometerHEADER – VARIABLES DESCRIPTION:Name - description:Date-UTC – Date as yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM (4 digit year-2 digit month – 2 digit day 2 digit hour: 2 digit minute)Time Zone: UTC. Decade – tenner day of the year (that is 1st to 10th of January = 1 ; 11th to 20th of January = 2 ; 21th to 30th of January = 3 ; … 21st to 31st of December = 36.Month – Month of the year (1: January, 2: February, 3:March,…, 12: December).dBZ0_DIS_ELL – reflectivity at ground level (in dBZ) at the station Ell derived from disdrometer measurements.dBZ0_DIS_HOF – reflectivity at ground level (in dBZ) at the station Hostert-Folschette derived from disdrometer measurements.dBZ0_DIS_OPA – reflectivity at ground level (in dBZ) at the station Oberpallen derived from disdrometer measurements.dBZ0_DIS_PIN – reflectivity at ground level (in dBZ) at the station Petit-Nobressart derived from disdrometer measurements.dBZ0_DIS_POS – reflectivity at ground level (in dBZ) at the station Post derived from disdrometer measurements.dBZ0_DIS_USL – reflectivity at ground level (in dBZ) at the station Useldange derived from disdrometer measurements.dBZ100_MRR_PIN – reflectivity 100 m above ground (in dBZ) at the station Petit-Nobressart derived from MRR measurements.dBZ100_MRR_USL – reflectivity 100 m above ground (in dBZ) at the station Useldange derived from MRR measurements.dBZ1500_MRR_PIN – reflectivity 1500 m above ground (in dBZ) at the station Petit-Nobressart derived from MRR measurements.dBZ1500_MRR_USL – reflectivity 1500 m above ground (in dBZ) at the station Useldange derived from MRR measurements.RR0_DIS_ELL – rain rate at ground level (in mm/h) at the station Ell derived from disdrometer measurements.RR0_DIS_HOF – rain rate at ground level (in mm/h) at the station Hostert-Folschette derived from disdrometer measurements.RR0_DIS_OPA – rain rate at ground level (in mm/h) at the station Oberpallen derived from disdrometer measurements.RR0_DIS_PIN– rain rate at ground level (in mm/h) at the station Petit-Nobressart derived from disdrometer measurements.RR0_DIS_POS – rain rate at ground level (in mm/h) at the station Post derived from disdrometer measurements.RR0_DIS_USL – rain rate at ground level (in mm/h) at the station Useldange derived from disdrometer measurements.RR100_MRR_PIN – rain rate 100 m above ground (in mm/h) at the station Petit-Nobressart derived from MRR measurements.RR100_MRR_USL – rain rate 100 m above ground (in mm/h) at the station Useldange derived from MRR measurements.RR1500_MRR_PIN – rain rate 1500 m above ground (in mm/h) at the station Petit-Nobressart derived from MRR measurements.RR1500_MRR_USL – rain rate 1500 m above ground (in mm/h) at the station Useldange derived from MRR measurements.The instruments were maintained and cleaned monthly. The data was quality checked. Cases with solid precipitation were excluded using the output form the Pasivel² present weather sensor software, which especially was needed since disdrometer data was contaminated by cobwebs. But since the present weather analyzer classified these (due to their slow movement within the wind) as snow, these then could easily be eliminated.