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Tagung: 10 Jahre Chemiepolitik

Das Projekt "Tagung: 10 Jahre Chemiepolitik" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Institut für ökologische Wirtschaftsforschung gGmbH, Regionalbüro Nordrhein-Westfalen.

Das Weißbuch zur Neuordnung der Chemikalienpolitik: vom Konzept zur Umsetzung. - Anforderungen, Erfahrungen und Perspektiven für den Informationsfluss in der Produktkette

Das Projekt "Das Weißbuch zur Neuordnung der Chemikalienpolitik: vom Konzept zur Umsetzung. - Anforderungen, Erfahrungen und Perspektiven für den Informationsfluss in der Produktkette" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Verband der Chemischen Industrie e.V.. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Öko-Institut. Institut für angewandte Ökologie e.V..

Chemiepolitische Verständigungsaufgaben - ein Frankfurter Zukunftsdiskurs, Phase II

Das Projekt "Chemiepolitische Verständigungsaufgaben - ein Frankfurter Zukunftsdiskurs, Phase II" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Stadt Frankfurt am Main, Dezernat Umwelt, Energie und Brandschutz, Umweltamt, Umwelt-Forum. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Öko-Institut. Institut für angewandte Ökologie e.V..

Clustering of Multilateral Environmental Agreements in the Chemicals and Biodiversity Regimes

Das Projekt "Clustering of Multilateral Environmental Agreements in the Chemicals and Biodiversity Regimes" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung e.V.. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Freie Universität Berlin - Fachbereich Politik- und Sozialwissenschaften - Otto-Suhr-Institut für Politikwissenschaft - Forschungszentrum für Umweltpolitik.One way of reforming global environmental governance (GEG)is through clustering of multilateral environmental agreements (MEA). In the international chemicals and biodiversity regimes, different clustering dynamics can be observed. While there is a dynamic clustering process underway in the chemicals regime, progress appears to be much more difficult in the biodiversity regime. The dissertation project described in the following proposal sets out to investigate these processes. The guiding research question is: How can the different clustering dynamics in the biodiversity and chemicals regime be explained? The question will be answered assessing institutional (i.e. regime design/architecture, complexity, institutional interplay) as well as political (i.e. interests and behaviour of member states, COP decisions,) factors.

Nachhaltigkeit im internationalen Chemikalienmanagement - Weiterentwicklung des Rio-Prozesses beyond 2020

Das Projekt "Nachhaltigkeit im internationalen Chemikalienmanagement - Weiterentwicklung des Rio-Prozesses beyond 2020" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Klimaschutz, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit (BMUKN) / Umweltbundesamt (UBA). Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Adelphi Research gemeinnützige GmbH.Aufgabenbeschreibung: Das Jahr 2020 ist der Meilenstein für die Ziele des Rio-Gipfels von 1992, des Weltgipfels von Johannesburg 2002 sowie des Rio+20 Gipfels 2012 und markiert zugleich auch das Mandatsende des Strategischen Ansatzes für Internationales Chemikalienmanagement (SAICM). Das Projekt soll zukunftsweisend aus der Perspektive der Chemikaliensicherheit Beiträge zur weiteren Ausgestaltung des aus den oben genannten Konferenzen folgenden Nachhaltigkeitsprozesses erstellen und Elemente zur Ausgestaltung eines Folgeprozesses für SAICM erarbeiten. Es schließt dabei nahtlos an ein Projekt aus dem Jahr 2015 an und unterstützt insbesondere die deutsche Präsidentschaft des SAICM-Bureaus. Dies bezieht sich zum einen auf die Erreichung der Ziele bis 2020, zum anderen aber insbesondere auf den inter-sessionalen Prozess, der die Chemikaliengovernance nach 2020 (beyond 2020) ausgestaltet. Ziele: SAICM sollte dabei durch einen möglichst verbindlichen Rahmen ersetzt werden, der Synergien bei der Umsetzung existierender multilateralen Umweltübereinkommen (MEA) konsequent nutzt, ambitionierte Ziele für den Schutz von Mensch und Umwelt festlegt, die Elemente der nachhaltigen Chemie integriert, den Anschluss sowie die Vernetzung an die laufenden Nachhaltigkeitsprozesse (z.B. Entwicklung der Sustainable Development Goals SDG) sicherstellt und hierfür möglichst konkrete fachliche Instrumente des Chemikalienmanagements integriert.

H2020-EU.3.1. - Societal Challenges - Health, demographic change and well-being - (H2020-EU.3.1. - Gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen - Gesundheit, demografischer Wandel und Wohlergehen), The European Human Biomonitoring Initiative - HBM4EU

Das Projekt "H2020-EU.3.1. - Societal Challenges - Health, demographic change and well-being - (H2020-EU.3.1. - Gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen - Gesundheit, demografischer Wandel und Wohlergehen), The European Human Biomonitoring Initiative - HBM4EU" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften Brüssel. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung GmbH.The overarching goal of the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative is to generate knowledge to inform the safe management of chemicals and so protect human health. We will use human biomonitoring to understand human exposure to chemicals and resulting health impacts and will communicate with policy makers to ensure that our results are exploited in the design of new chemicals policies and the evaluation of existing measures. Key objectives include: - Harmonizing procedures for human biomonitoring across 26 countries, to provide policy makers with comparable data on human internal exposure to chemicals and mixtures of chemicals at EU level - Linking data on internal exposure to chemicals to aggregate external exposure and identifying exposure pathways and upstream sources. Information on exposure pathways is critical to the design of targeted policy measures to reduce exposure - Generating scientific evidence on the causal links between human exposure to chemicals and negative health outcomes - Adapting chemical risk assessment methodologies to use human biomonitoring data and account for the contribution of multiple external exposure pathways to the total chemical body burden. We will achieve these objectives by harmonizing human biomonitoring initiatives in 26 countries, drawing on existing expertise and building new capacities. By establishing National Hubs in each country to coordinate activities, we will create a robust Human Biomonitoring Platform at European level. This initiative contributes directly to the improvement of health and well-being for all age groups, by investigating how exposure to chemicals affects the health of different groups, such as children, pregnant women, foetuses and workers. We will also investigate how factor such as behavior, lifestyle and socio-economic status influence internal exposure to chemicals across the EU population. This knowledge will support policy action to reduce chemical exposure and protect health.

Human urinary arsenic species, associated exposure determinants and potential health risks assessed in the HBM4EU Aligned Studies

The European Joint Programme HBM4EU coordinated and advanced human biomonitoring (HBM) in Europe in order to provide science-based evidence for chemical policy development and improve chemical management. Arsenic (As) was selected as a priority substance under the HBM4EU initiative for which open, policy relevant questions like the status of exposure had to be answered. Internal exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs), measured as Toxic Relevant Arsenic (TRA) (the sum of As(III), As(V), MMA, DMA) in urine samples of teenagers differed among the sampling sites (BEA (Spain) > Riksmaten adolescents (Sweden), ESTEBAN (France) > FLEHS IV (Belgium), SLO CRP (Slovenia)) with geometric means between 3.84 and 8.47 mikrog/L. The ratio TRA to TRA + arsenobetaine or the ratio TRA to total arsenic varied between 0.22 and 0.49. Main exposure determinants for TRA were the consumption of rice and seafood. When all studies were combined, Pearson correlation analysis showed significant associations between all considered As species. Higher concentrations of DMA, quantitatively a major constituent of TRA, were found with increasing arsenobetaine concentrations, a marker for organic As intake, e.g. through seafood, indicating that other sources of DMA than metabolism of inorganic As exist, e.g. direct intake of DMA or via the intake of arsenosugars or -lipids. Given the lower toxicity of DMA(V) versus iAs, estimating the amount of DMA not originating from iAs, or normalizing TRA for arsenobetaine intake could be useful for estimating iAs exposure and risk. Comparing urinary TRA concentrations with formerly derived biomonitoring equivalent (BE) for non-carcinogenic effects (6.4 mikrog/L) clearly shows that all 95th percentile exposure values in the different studies exceeded this BE. This together with the fact that cancer risk may not be excluded even at lower iAs levels, suggests a possible health concern for the general population of Europe. © 2023 The Authors

Application of human biomonitoring data to support policy development, raise awareness and environmental public health protection among countries within the HBM4EU project

Most countries have acknowledged the importance of assessing and quantifying their population's internal exposure from chemicals in air, water, soil, food and other consumer products due to the potential health and economic impact. Human biomonitoring (HBM) is a valuable tool which can be used to quantify such exposures and effects. Results from HBM studies can also contribute to improving public health by providing evidence of individuals' internal chemical exposure as well as data to understand the burden of disease and associated costs thereby stimulating the development and implementation of evidence-based policy. To have a holistic view on HBM data utilisation, a multi-case research approach was used to explore the use of HBM data to support national chemical regulations, protect public health and raise awareness among countries participating in the HBM4EU project. The Human Biomonitoring for Europe (HBM4EU) Initiative (https://www.hbm4eu.eu/) is a collaborative effort involving 30 countries, the European Environment Agency (EEA) and the European Commission (contracting authority) to harmonise procedures across Europe and advance research into the understanding of the health impacts of environmental chemical exposure. One of the aims of the project was to use HBM data to support evidence based chemical policy and make this information timely and directly available for policy makers and all partners. The main data source for this article was the narratives collected from 27 countries within the HBM4EU project. The countries (self-selection) were grouped into 3 categories in terms of HBM data usage either for public awareness, policy support or for the establishment HBM programme. Narratives were analysed/summarised using guidelines and templates that focused on ministries involved in or advocating for HBM; steps required to engage policy makers; barriers, drivers and opportunities in developing a HBM programme. The narratives reported the use of HBM data either for raising awareness or addressing environmental/public health issues and policy development. The ministries of Health and Environment were reported to be the most prominent entities advocating for HBM, the involvement of several authorities/institutions in the national hubs was also cited to create an avenue to interact, discuss and gain the attention of policy makers. Participating in European projects and the general population interest in HBM studies were seen as drivers and opportunities in developing HBM programmes. A key barrier that was cited by countries for establishing and sustaining national HBM programmes was funding which is mainly due to the high costs associated with the collection and chemical analysis of human samples. Although challenges and barriers still exist, most countries within Europe were already conversant with the benefits and opportunities of HBM. This article offers important insights into factors associated with the utilisation of HBM data for policy support and public awareness. © 2023 Published by Elsevier GmbH.

From science to policy: how European HBM indicators help to answer policy questions related to phthalates and DINCH exposure

Within the European Human Biomonitoring (HBM) Initiative HBM4EU we derived HBM indicators that were designed to help answering key policy questions and support chemical policies. The result indicators convey information on chemicals exposure of different age groups, sexes, geographical regions and time points by comparing median exposure values. If differences are observed for one group or the other, policy measures or risk management options can be implemented. Impact indicators support health risk assessment by comparing exposure values with health-based guidance values, such as human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs). In general, the indicators should be designed to translate complex scientific information into short and clear messages and make it accessible to policy makers but also to a broader audience such as stakeholders (e.g. NGO's), other scientists and the general public. Based on harmonized data from the HBM4EU Aligned Studies (2014-2021), the usefulness of our indicators was demonstrated for the age group children (6-11 years), using two case examples: one phthalate (Diisobutyl phthalate: DiBP) and one non-phthalate substitute (Di-isononyl cyclohexane-1,2- dicarboxylate: DINCH). For the comparison of age groups, these were compared to data for teenagers (12-18 years), and time periods were compared using data from the DEMOCOPHES project (2011-2012). Our result indicators proved to be suitable for demonstrating the effectiveness of policy measures for DiBP and the need of continuous monitoring for DINCH. They showed similar exposure for boys and girls, indicating that there is no need for gender focused interventions and/or no indication of sex-specific exposure patterns. They created a basis for a targeted approach by highlighting relevant geographical differences in internal exposure. An adequate data basis is essential for revealing differences for all indicators. This was particularly evident in our studies on the indicators on age differences. The impact indicator revealed that health risks based on exposure to DiBP cannot be excluded. This is an indication or flag for risk managers and policy makers that exposure to DiBP still is a relevant health issue. HBM indicators derived within HBM4EU are a valuable and important complement to existing indicator lists in the context of environment and health. Their applicability, current shortcomings and solution strategies are outlined. © 2022 The Authors

Diverging trends of plasticizers (phthalates and non-phthalates) in indoor and freshwater environments - why?

Background European chemicals management aims to protect human health and the environment from legacy and emerging contaminants. The plasticizer market changed in response to the restriction of low molecular weight (LMW) phthalate plasticizers such as Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) due to their hazardous properties. We investigated patterns and trends of 19 regulated and emerging plasticizers in house dust from German homes and in suspended particulate matter (SPM) from major German rivers. The samples were used from the mid-2000s and late 2010s from two governmental long-term monitoring programs in Germany. Results While the sum of the respective plasticizer levels hardly changed over the study period, we observed a significant decrease of LMW phthalates in both house dust (2003/06, 80% of the (Sigma)plasticizer concentration; 2014/17, 31%) and SPM (2005, 48%; 2017, 28%). This was accompanied by their substitution with high molecular weight (HMW) phthalates and non-phthalates. HMW phthalates increased from 19% of the (Sigma)plasticizer concentration to 46% between the mid-2000s and the late 2010s in house dust, and from 50% to 63% in SPM samples. Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) replaced DEHP as the dominant plasticizer in both compartments. A significant tenfold increase (p<0.05) was observed in SPM samples for Di (2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP) (1-13%), compared to low levels in house dust (2014/17, 1%). Non-phthalates increased to 23% of the (Sigma)plasticizer concentration in house dust but only to 9% in SPM (mid-2000s: house dust,<1%; SPM, 1.5%). In recent house dust samples, Di (2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT) had the third highest concentration of all plasticizers and contributed 18% to the total load, whereas Tris (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) was one of the major non-phthalates in SPM samples. Conclusions Unlike in the indoor environment, the substitution of LMW phthalates in the aquatic environment was characterized by a significant shift towards plasticizers with potentially hazardous properties. DPHP and TOTM were identified by European chemical regulation as potentially endocrine disrupting compounds and persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic compounds. Our data document the need for integrated chemicals management to safeguard the transition to a non-toxic environment. © The Author(s) 2022

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