Das Projekt "Choosing Efficient Combinations of Policy Instruments for Low-carbon development and Innovation to Achieve Europe's 2050 climate targets (CECILIA2050)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Ecologic Institut gemeinnützige GmbH durchgeführt. Objective: Europe needs to transform itself to a low-carbon economy by mid-century. The existing instrument mix needs to be scaled up drastically to initiate the changes needed across the economy. As the scale and scope of instruments increases, their interaction becomes more important, as do constraints on the political, legal and administrative feasibility. To evaluate their efficiency and effectiveness, instruments cannot be viewed in isolation; understanding and managing their interaction becomes key. The CECILIA2050 project analyses the performance of existing climate policy instruments and their interaction, and maps pathways for the evolution of the instrument mix in Europe. It describes ways to improve the economic efficiency and environmental effectiveness of the instrument mix, and to address constraints that limit their performance or feasibility. These include public acceptance, availability of finance and the physical infrastructure, but also the administrative and legal framework. The first, backward-looking part of the project takes stock of the existing instrument mix in the EU and its Member States, and assesses their coherence and past performance. It describes which factors determine their efficiency and effectiveness, and measures their effects on equity, innovation and competitiveness. The second, forward-looking part maps pathways towards a more ambitious policy mix for 2030 and 2050, starting from the current EU climate policy. With economic instruments at the heart of the mix, it describes and models how the instrumentation could evolve, based on scenarios of the magnitude of change required for the low-carbon transformation. To this end, it combines the state of the art modelling tools with qualitative and participatory methods. To complement the EU-level analysis, the effects of EU climate policies are quantified at the global level. To ensure policy relevance and mobilise practitioners knowledge, the project engages with stakeholders in different way.
Das Projekt "Towards a Clean, Litter-Free European Marine Environment through Scientific Evidence, Innovative Tools and Good Governance (CLEANSEA)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Stichting VU-VUMC durchgeführt. Objective: There is an urgent need for an improved knowledge base for the management of marine litter. CLEANSEA aims to generate new information on the impacts (biological, social and economic) of marine litter, develop novel tools needed to collect and monitor litter and protocols needed for monitoring data (litter composition and quantities) and evaluate the impact of mitigation strategies and measures in order to provide options to policy makers in the EU. This will be achieved through 7 work packages. WPs 2 and 3 cover biological impacts and technical aspects of marine monitoring, monitoring tools and applications. WP4 investigates multilevel socio-economic impact and barriers to Good Environmental Status, providing a justification for the development of management measures and policy options in WP5. This WP combines advanced institutional analysis with a participatory approach in order to identify and assess management measures, strategies and policy options in collaboration with stakeholders that reduce marine litter and alleviate diverse ecological and socio-economic impacts as identified in WPs 2-4. WP6 will integrate the outcomes of the project and hosts the CLEANSEA Stakeholder Platform. Management is dealt with under WP1 with a professional dissemination package, including a documentary film, website, publications, etc. covered in WP7. CLEANSEA includes top scientific groups from eleven European countries distributed over all marine regions. It also includes six SMEs, four of them focused on technological innovation of monitoring, mitigation and recycling tools. CLEANSEA will tackle the marine litter problem from a broad interdisciplinary perspective. Advancement is expected in the array of monitoring tools and systems, knowledge about impacts, and management measures and policy options. By searching for new paradigms and integrating knowledge and methods, CLEANSEA intends to contribute concrete elements to the road map towards strong reductions in marine litter.