Das Projekt "Programm zur Niedrigemissions-Technologie, Phase III - LOW NOx III" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Motoren- und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen durchgeführt. 1. Pilot Stage Combustor: In diesem Vorhaben wird das Konzept der Fett-Mager Verbrennung als Pilot-Stufe einer brennstoffgestuften Brennkammer untersucht. Dabei soll die Interaktion der Kuehlung, der fetten Stufe und der Mischluft derart optimiert werden, dass die Homogenitaet der fetten Stufe verbessert wird. 2. Applied CFD: In diesem Vorhaben werden Modelle, die die Interaktion der Waermefreisetzung mit der turbulenten Schwankungsbewegung getestet und anhand vorhandener Experimente verifiziert.
Das Projekt "Niedrigemissionsbrennkammer-Technik - niedriger NOx I" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Motoren- und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen durchgeführt. Objective: The aim is to investigate and assess the pollution emissions of future aero-engines, covering small and large civil engines. This task is considered urgent, since increased pollutant emissions from aircraft are to be expected in future. General Information: Before reviewing the possible reduction methods, it will be necessary to perform a number of fundamental investigations, eg on fuel-air mixing and droplet formation. Definition of temperature and pressure conditions of future civil small and large aero engines. Assessment of the pollution emission of the defined engines using present combustor technology. Summary of methods which control the reduction of pollutants. Performing investigations into the fundamental formation processes of pollutants. These investigations will be carried out in relation to the phenomena of droplet formation and fuel-air mixing. The results help to review applicability of different pollution reduction methods. Selection of the most promising pollution reduction methods based on efficiency, reliability, safety, air worthiness, weight, volume and costs. Achievements: All three concepts showed potential in advanced low-emission aero engines, although they differ in the amounts of development investments they still require. For this reason, further investigations into emissions reduction methods are envisioned for the next project phase. Assuming that requisite fundamental work is carried out and a start is made on the development of appropriate combustors, referred to present levels, a 30 per cent reduction in the emission of nitrogen oxides by engines of the mid-nineties would appear feasible, and a reduction of 80 per cent should be possible by the end of the century. The achievement of these targets calls for investigation of both the combustion and combustor control aspects.
Das Projekt "Niedrigemissionsbrennkammer-Technik Stufe II - niedriger NOx II" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Motoren- und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen durchgeführt. Objective: During the 3 year interim phase of the programme three selected concepts will be investigated in detail, their potential of NOx reduction will be measured and an evaluation of these methods concerning air worthiness will be performed. General Information: Further objectives of the low emission combustor programme in the interim phase comprise the strengthening of the scientific and technological basis for the development of ultra low NOx combustion methods and the provision of new or improved tools and techniques for analysis, prediction and control of aero engine exhaust emissions. However, the major long term objective for the Low Emission Combustor team is the translation of the best suited concepts into a practical combustor and to test it at engine operating conditions, which requires both a reliable continuation of the research work and sufficient financial support of the partners involved. Achievements: Theme I: Rich Burn, Quick Quench, Lean Burn Combustion (RQL)- The design and development of a rich burn combustor (RQL) were supported by tubular combustor tests, by flow visualization in perspex models and by extensive measurements in a rectangular sector combustor. The specific problems resulting from extreme temperature in the rich burning zone and the need for rapid quench in the zone to follow were addressed by a specific cooling task. Theme II: The Lean, Premixed and Prevaporized Combustion (LPP)- For the development of a lean premixed, prevaporized combustor (LPP), fundamental investigations were concentrated on prevaporizer ducts and the premix systems. Because of the particular problems caused by reverse flow layout and the requirements for small size and low cost inherent with small engines, the combustor investigations were split into two tasks: ducts for large engines and ducts for small engines. Theme III: The Double Annular Combustor (DAC)- The investigations of the double annular combustor (DAC) such as lean stability, altitude relight, low power efficiency and NOx control, fuel staging and combustor exit temperature distribution were of more basic nature. While these fundamental tests were carried out in low pressure and intermediate pressure rigs, the final configuration experiments were conducted under engine relevant conditions. Theme IV: Validation of CFD-Combustion Models (CFD)- The results of selected measurements were added to a common database which could be used to evaluate the tests, compare the different combustor standards and to numerically predict and optimize the behaviour of the different combustors with advanced CFD methods. The results from the Low NOx II programme confirm that assuming the requisite research work is continued in future and the development of appropriate combustors is initiated and progress demonstrated, a reduction of 60 per cent to 80 per cent in nitrogen oxides from current levels appears to be feasible by the end of the century.
Das Projekt "Flugtriebwerkslaermminderung an der Quelle." wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Motoren- und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen durchgeführt. MTU-Anteil: Laerm der Niederdruckturbine; Ziel: Erarbeitung der Technologie zur Reduktion des Triebwerkslaerms um 4 Dezibel
Das Projekt "Niedrigemissions-Brennkammer Stufe III - Niedriger Nox III, Teil 2: Pruefberichte und Ergebnisanalyse" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Motoren- und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen durchgeführt. In diesem Vorhaben soll mit den analytischen Methoden, die im Low NOX III, Part 1 entwickelt werden, die experimentellen Ergebnisse einer brennstoffgestuften Brennkammer analysiert werden. Aus der Analyse sollen Vorschlaege erarbeitet werden, die die Emissionen der Pilot-Stufe reduzieren.