The thermal conductivity on cores is measured in two steps (see Pribnow 1994). First, one face end of the core is sawed and polished. The half space line source is pressed against this preparated face (without further contact medium like water) by a computerized device. The position of the heat source is varied in 15 degree intervals around one semicircle. At each position, 3 repeating measurements are performed. The line source azimuth of the lowest measured thermal conductivity is the strike of the foliation plane. On the other hand, the thermal conductivity is maximal parallel to that direction. This apparent paradox can be explained by the experimental method, because the measurement plane is perpendicular to the orientation of the line source (Pribnow 1994).In a second step a calotte plane perpendicular to the strike of foliation is prepared. A second series of thermal conductivity measurements in 15 degree intervals ...
The thermal conductivity on cores is measured in two steps (see Pribnow 1994). First, one face end of the core is sawed and polished. The half space line source is pressed against this preparated face (without further contact medium like water) by a computerized device. The position of the heat source is varied in 15 degree intervals around one semicircle. At each position, 3 repeating measurements are performed. The line source azimuth of the lowest measured thermal conductivity is the strike of the foliation plane. On the other hand, the thermal conductivity is maximal parallel to that direction. This apparent paradox can be explained by the experimental method, because the measurement plane is perpendicular to the orientation of the line source (Pribnow 1994).In a second step a calotte plane perpendicular to the strike of foliation is prepared. A second series of thermal conductivity measurements in 15 degree intervals ...
In the complete KTB-VB and in in the KTB-HB down to a depth of 3003 m the gas phase was released and collected by twirl degassers attached in front of the mud shakers. This open system led to gas losses as well as air contamination. Therefore results obtained down to this depth have only qualitative character. After casing the KTB-HB to a depth of 3003 m a bypass system was installed at the BOP (blow-out preventer) 50 cm below the flow line. A constant part (about 100 l/min) of gas-bearing drill mud is pumped through the bypass directly to a twirl degasser which is isolated against atmosphere. To prevent air contamination or sucking off drill mud the pressure in the gas trap is balanced by charging argon. The released gas phase is completely sucked off and led through a heated hose (in order to prevent water condensation or freezing) to the logging unit and there parallel to the measuring systems gaschromatograph, mass spectrometer and radon logging device.
Cuttings were crushed in a tungsten carbide ball mill for 25 min; while core samples were crushed in a tungsten carbide jaw breaker and then processed in the same way as the chip material. The resulting powder samples (max 0.06 mm size) were dried at 105°C, 3 gr selected and mixed with 2.5% Moviol solution and finally pressed under 40 kN into alumina rings. These standardized pellets were used for both, XRD and XRF measurements. For the determination of major and trace elements a fully automated wavelenght-dispersive XRF device (SIEMENS SRS 303 AS) was used in the field laboratory. The standard measuring operation comprised 11 major elements (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 total, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, S) and 12 traces (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ni, Zn, V, Cu, Th, U). Element concentrations were calculated by setting up calibration curves computed with more than 40 international natural rock standards.
Cuttings were crushed in a tungsten carbide ball mill for 25 min; while core samples were crushed in a tungsten carbide jaw breaker and then processed in the same way as the chip material. The resulting powder samples (max 0.06 mm size) were dried at 105°C, 3 gr selected and mixed with 2.5% Moviol solution and finally pressed under 40 kN into alumina rings. These standardized pellets were used for both, XRD and XRF measurements. For the determination of major and trace elements a fully automated wavelenght-dispersive XRF device (SIEMENS SRS 303 AS) was used in the field laboratory. The standard measuring operation comprised 11 major elements (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 total, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, S) and 12 traces (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ni, Zn, V, Cu, Th, U). Element concentrations were calculated by setting up calibration curves computed with more than 40 international natural rock standards.
Ultrasonic wave propagation through core samples is studied in a water tank to insure good signal transmission between transducer, rock specimen and receiver and to avoid time - consuming mechanical preparations. A specifically designed instrumentation was used, which allows to measure the radial p-wave velocity in the plane normal to the core axis and, if the core sample is long enough, also the axial p- and s-wave velocities by common mid-point (CMP) refraction experiments, with water as the upper and the core as the lower layer. By rotating the cores, all measurements are performed for variable azimuths. Computer control of all mechanical and electronical operations, digital 10-bit data aquisition, signal stacking and interactive seismogram evaluation are essential features of the system. Data are available from the few cores taken below 4000 m. The investigations were carried out on the longest core sample of each cored interval (16 specimens).
In the complete KTB-VB and in in the KTB-HB down to a depth of 3003 m the gas phase was released and collected by twirl degassers attached in front of the mud shakers. This open system led to gas losses as well as air contamination. Therefore results obtained down to this depth have only qualitative character. After casing the KTB-HB to a depth of 3003 m a bypass system was installed at the BOP (blow-out preventer) 50 cm below the flow line. A constant part (about 100 l/min) of gas-bearing drill mud is pumped through the bypass directly to a twirl degasser which is isolated against atmosphere. To prevent air contamination or sucking off drill mud the pressure in the gas trap is balanced by charging argon. The released gas phase is completely sucked off and led through a heated hose (in order to prevent water condensation or freezing) to the logging unit and there parallel to the measuring systems gaschromatograph, mass spectrometer and radon logging device.
In the complete KTB-VB and in in the KTB-HB down to a depth of 3003 m the gas phase was released and collected by twirl degassers attached in front of the mud shakers. This open system led to gas losses as well as air contamination. Therefore results obtained down to this depth have only qualitative character. After casing the KTB-HB to a depth of 3003 m a bypass system was installed at the BOP (blow-out preventer) 50 cm below the flow line. A constant part (about 100 l/min) of gas-bearing drill mud is pumped through the bypass directly to a twirl degasser which is isolated against atmosphere. To prevent air contamination or sucking off drill mud the pressure in the gas trap is balanced by charging argon. The released gas phase is completely sucked off and led through a heated hose (in order to prevent water condensation or freezing) to the logging unit and there parallel to the measuring systems gaschromatograph, mass spectrometer and radon logging device.
In the complete KTB-VB and in in the KTB-HB down to a depth of 3003 m the gas phase was released and collected by twirl degassers attached in front of the mud shakers. This open system led to gas losses as well as air contamination. Therefore results obtained down to this depth have only qualitative character. After casing the KTB-HB to a depth of 3003 m a bypass system was installed at the BOP (blow-out preventer) 50 cm below the flow line. A constant part (about 100 l/min) of gas-bearing drill mud is pumped through the bypass directly to a twirl degasser which is isolated against atmosphere. To prevent air contamination or sucking off drill mud the pressure in the gas trap is balanced by charging argon. The released gas phase is completely sucked off and led through a heated hose (in order to prevent water condensation or freezing) to the logging unit and there parallel to the measuring systems gaschromatograph, mass spectrometer and radon logging device.
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