This database expands the Poulton et al., 2018 (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.888182) database of pelagic calcium carbonate (CP) rate measurements from isotopic tracer uptake in incubated discrete water samples, as discussed in Daniels et al., 2018 (doi:10.5194/essd-10-1859-2018), and accompanies Marsh et al. (in prep.). The database now includes more CP (new data n = 400; complete database n = 3165), net primary production rate (PP) (new data n = 399; complete database n = 3150), total coccolithophore cell counts (new data n = 240; complete database n = 1512), and Emiliania huxleyi cell counts (new data n = 27; complete database n = 612). This expanded database maintains the record of data, including the principal investigator, expedition, OS region, doi reference (where available), collection date and year, sample ID, latitude, longitude, sampling and light depth, and method of measuring CP. We further expand the Poulton et al. (2018) data collection by including ancillary and environmental data, including: optical depth (OD, n = 3165), pHtotal (hereinafter referred to as pHT, n = 398), temperature (n = 1160), salinity (n = 1161), and the concentrations of chlorophyll a (n = 1363), NOx (NO3 or the sum of NO3 + NO2, n = 1161), silicic acid (Si(OH)4, n= 1156), phosphate (PO4, n = 1232), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC, n = 318), total alkalinity (TA, n = 307), bicarbonate ion concentration (n = 349), and carbonate ion concentration (n = 352). All data was matched to CP, sample bottle identifiers (Niskin bottle numbers), and/or sampling depth values. This global database (81 °N - 64 °S, 132 °E - 174 °W) now covers expeditions and upper ocean measurements (0 - 193 m) from 1989 to 2024. Global in-situ geolocated data spanning time is valuable for modelling, satellite algorithms, and capturing calcium carbonate production in the global ocean. This expanded database, including the environmental, nutrient, chlorophyll a, and carbonate chemistry data, also allows for analysis of factors influencing calcium carbonate production on a global scale. This data amalgamation contributes to understanding the biogeochemistry of the oceans, global carbon cycle, and ocean acidification.
The samples presented here were collected with the intent to understand methane cycling in the sediments of the Baltic Sea as part of the BALTIC GAS project funded by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 217246 made with the joint Baltic Sea Research and Development programme BONUS. Sediment cores from the Baltic Sea were collected and serve as events in this archive. The events took place in Mecklenburg Bay, Arkona Basin, Bornholm Basin, Gotland Basin, Bothnian Sea, and Bothnian Bay. Ninety events took place between July 31- August 15, 2010 aboard RV Maria S. Merian cruise MSM16/1. From the sediment cores, porewater was extracted and analyzed for sulfate, chloride, ammonium, major ions (barium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium), hydrogen sulfide, and dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations. Dissolved inorganic carbon was also measured for stable carbon isotope ratios. Sediment plugs were collected for measuring concentrations and stable carbon isotope ratios of methane. Sulfate reduction rates were also measured on sediment cores. Bulk sediment was then analyzed for total organic carbon and nitrogen content, along with stable carbon and nitrogen ratios on total organic matter. Sediments were also measured for wet bulk density and water content of wet mass, from which porosity was calculated.