Other language confidence: 0.8497182945717675
This data collection provides digital access to data and publications of the KTB (German Continental Deep Drilling Program) project. KTB was a very detailed, long-term Earth science investigation on the structure, dynamics and formation of the Central European crust in Northeastern Bavaria, Germany (Harms, Kück 2016). With geophysical sounding and ultra-deep drilling it elucidated a crustal block at the border of a micro-continental collision zones amalgamated during the Caledonian and Variscan orogenies. Major research themes were: i) the nature of geophysical structures and phenomena, ii) the crustal stress field and the brittle-ductile transition, iii) the thermal structure of the crust, iv) crustal fluids and transport processes, and v) structure and evolution of the central European Variscan basement. KTB started in 1982 with pre-site selection studies and scientific objective definition followed in 1985 by site selection studies including shallow boreholes. From 1987 to 1990 a pilot borehole of 4000 m depth was drilled and fluid tests and borehole studies were conducted. In 1990 started drilling of a so-called superdeep main borehole of 9101 m depth that was reached in 1994. Again, the final drilling phase was concluded with large-scale fluid and seismic experiments. The rocks drilled comprise metamorphic series of mafic volcanic, volcano-clastics as well as minor gabbroic to ultramafic rocks that are intercalated with leucocratic meta-sedimentary gneisses. They represent most likely a deeply subducted accretionary wedge mélange with a complex P-T-t history. The undisturbed bottom hole temperature is ~265°C. Among the outstanding results are the following: (1) A continuous profile of the complete stress tensor was obtained. (2) Several lines of evidence indicate that KTB reached the present-day brittle-ductile transition. (3) The drilled crustal segment is distinguished by large amounts of free fluids down to mid-crustal levels. (4) The role of post-orogenic brittle deformation had been grossly underestimated. (5) Steep-angle seismic reflection surveys depict the deformation pattern of the upper crust. (6) High-resolution seismic images of the crust can be obtained with a newly developed technique of true-amplitude prestack depth migration. (7) The electrical behavior of the crust is determined by secondary graphite (+/-sulfides) in shear zones. (after Emmermann und Lauterjung (1997)
This dataset includes paleomagnetic and rock magnetic analyses from four sediment cores collected on continental slope of Storfjorden (EG-02, EG-03, SV-04) and Kveithola (GeoB17603-3) trough‐mouth fans and two cores collected at the crest of the Bellsund (GS191-01PC) and Isfjorden (GS191-02PC) sediment drifts (NW Barents Sea). The dataset gave the opportunity to reconstruct variation of past geomagnetic field at high latitude for the last 22 kya and define the path of the virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP). Data are presented as two metadata table: one with definitions of the column heads and one with the core details; six tables with the data on the measured rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters and 3 tables with the results of data analyses and elaboration. List of tables is as follows: 1) Metadata: definition of columns heads; 2) Metadata: core details; 3) GS191-01PC: down-core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters [k (10E-05 SI); ARM (A/m); MDF (mT); NRM (A/m); MAD (°); Incl PCA (°); Decl PCA (°)] for Core GS191-01PC; 4) GS191-02PC: down-core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters [k (10E-05 SI); ARM (A/m); MDF (mT); NRM (A/m); MAD (°); Incl PCA (°); Decl PCA (°)] for Core GS191-02PC; 5) EG03: down-core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters [k (10E-05 SI); ARM (A/m); MDF (mT); NRM (A/m); MAD (°); Incl PCA (°); Decl PCA (°)] for Core EG03; 6) EG02: down-core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters [k (10E-05 SI); ARM (A/m); MDF (mT); NRM (A/m); MAD (°); Incl PCA (°); Decl PCA (°)] for Core EG02; 7) SV04: down-core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters [k (10E-05 SI); ARM (A/m); MDF (mT); NRM (A/m); MAD (°); Incl PCA (°); Decl PCA (°)] for Core SV04; 8) GeoB17603-3: down-core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters [k (10E-05 SI); ARM (A/m); MDF (mT); NRM (A/m); MAD (°); Incl PCA (°); Decl PCA (°)] for Core GeoB17603-3; 9) Cores Correlation: GS191-01PC depth (cm) and ARM (A/m) down-core variations for core GS191-01PC (master core); GS191-02PC depth (cm), GS191-02PC depth transferred to GS191-01PC depth (cm), ARM (A/m) down-core for core GS191-02PC and correlation tie points; GeoB17603-3 depth (cm), GeoB17603-3 depth transferred to GS191-01PC depth (cm), ARM (A/m) down-core for core GeoB17603-3 and correlation tie points; EG02 depth (cm), EG02 depth transferred to GS191-01PC depth (cm), ARM (A/m) down-core for core EG02 and correlation tie points; EG03 depth (cm), EG03 depth transferred to GS191-01PC depth (cm), ARM (A/m) down-core and correlation tie points; SV04 depth (cm), SV04 transferred to GS191-01PC (cm), ARM (A/m) down-core for core SV04 and correlation tie points; 10) Age model: age model for Core GS191-01PC; GS191-02PC; EG02; EG03; SV04 and correlation tie points; 11) NBS stack: paleomagnetic inclination, declination and RPI variations for NBS22.2k stack. In order to define high-resolution correlation between the cores the along-core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters (Sagnotti et al., 2011; Caricchi et al., 2018; Caricchi et al., 2019) have been integrated with the distribution of characteristic lithofacies (Lucchi et al., 2013), and the available age constraints (Sagnotti et al., 2011; Caricchi et al., 2018, Caricchi et al., 2019; Caricchi et al., 2020). Core to core correlation has been reconstructed by means of the StratFit software (Sagnotti and Caricchi, 2018), which is based on the Excel forecast function and linear regression between subsequent couples of selected tie-points. The data are presented as one Excel sheet with eleven tables and in tab-delimited ASCII format in the zip folder: 2022-028_Caricchi-et-al_data-txt.zip.
This data publication includes the half-hourly Hp30 and ap30 indices as well as the hourly Hp60 and ap60 indices. All are unitless and collectively denoted as Hpo or Hpo index family. The dataset is based on near real-time geomagnetic observatory data provided by 13 contributing observatories. It is derived and distributed by GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. When using the Hpo index, please cite this data publication as well as the accompanying publication Matzka et al. (in prep), which serves as documentation of the Hpo index family. The dataset is organised in yearly files, which, for the current year, are updated on a monthly basis. Typically, during the second week of a month, the data for the previous month is appended to the current year's file. The files are in ASCII files and start with header lines marked with # (hash). The Hpo index was developed within the H2020 project SWAMI and is produced by Geomagnetic Observatory Niemegk, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. It derives from the same 13 geomagnetic observatories that also contribute to the Kp index (Matzka et al., 2021). They are listed as contributors to this data publication. With the introduction of the DOI ‘https://doi.org/10.5880/Hpo.0001’, this DOI landing page and the associated FTP server linked to the DOI become the primary archive of Hpo (while the other established index distribution mechanisms at GFZ will be maintained in parallel). With the DOI, the dataset can grow with time, but a change of the data, once published, is not possible. If necessity arises in the future to correct already published values, then the corrected dataset will be published with a new DOI. Older DOIs and data sets will then still be available. For each DOI, an additional versioning mechanism will be available to document changes to the files such as header or format changes, which do not affect the integrity of the data. The DOI https://doi.org/10.5880/Hpo.0001 identifies the current version. A format description is provided in the data download folder.
This data publication includes the half-hourly Hp30 and ap30 indices as well as the hourly Hp60 and ap60 indices, collectively denoted as Hpo. This dataset is based on near real-time geomagnetic observatory data provided by 13 contributing observatories. It is derived and distributed by GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. When using the Hpo index, please cite this data publication as well as the accompanying publications Yamazaki et al. (2024) and Yamazaki et al. (2022), which serve as documentation of the Hpo. The dataset is organised in yearly files, which, for the current year, are updated on a monthly basis. Typically, during the second week of a month, the data for the previous month is appended to the current year's file. The files are in ASCII files and start with header lines marked with # (hash). The Hpo index was initially developed within the H2020 project SWAMI (grant agreement No 776287) and is produced by Geomagnetic Observatory Niemegk, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. It derives from the same 13 geomagnetic observatories that also contribute to the Kp index (Matzka et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.5880/Kp.0001). They are listed as contributors to this data publication. With the introduction of the DOI for the Hpo index (Matzka et al, 2021, https://doi.org/10.5880/Hpo.0001), this DOI landing page and the associated HTTPS server linked to the DOI become the primary archive of Hpo (while the other established index distribution mechanisms at GFZ will be maintained in parallel). With the DOI, the dataset can grow with time, but a change of the data, once published, is not possible. If necessity arises in the future to correct already published values, then the corrected dataset will be published with a new DOI. Older DOIs and data sets will then still be available. For each DOI, an additional versioning mechanism will be available to document changes to the files such as header or format changes, which do not affect the integrity of the data. The DOI https://doi.org/10.5880/Hpo.0003 identifies the current version. A format description and a version history are provided in the data download folder.
This data publication includes the half-hourly Hp30 and ap30 indices as well as the hourly Hp60 and ap60 indices, collectively denoted as Hpo. This dataset is based on near real-time geomagnetic observatory data provided by 13 contributing observatories. It is derived and distributed by GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. When using the Hpo index, please cite this data publication as well as the accompanying publication Yamazaki et al. (submitted), which serves as documentation of the Hpo. The dataset is organised in yearly files, which, for the current year, are updated on a monthly basis. Typically, during the second week of a month, the data for the previous month is appended to the current year's file. The files are in ASCII files and start with header lines marked with # (hash). The Hpo index was developed within the H2020 project SWAMI (grant agreement No 776287) and is produced by Geomagnetic Observatory Niemegk, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. It derives from the same 13 geomagnetic observatories that also contribute to the Kp index (Matzka et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.5880/Kp.0001). They are listed as contributors to this data publication. With the introduction of the DOI for the Hpo index (Matzka et al, 2021, https://doi.org/10.5880/Hpo.0001), this DOI landing page and the associated HTTPS server linked to the DOI become the primary archive of Hpo (while the other established index distribution mechanisms at GFZ will be maintained in parallel). With the DOI, the dataset can grow with time, but a change of the data, once published, is not possible. If necessity arises in the future to correct already published values, then the corrected dataset will be published with a new DOI. Older DOIs and data sets will then still be available. For each DOI, an additional versioning mechanism will be available to document changes to the files such as header or format changes, which do not affect the integrity of the data. The DOI https://doi.org/10.5880/Hpo.0002 identifies the current version. A format description and a version history are provided in the data download folder.
This library implements several functions to convert points and fields between several reference coordinate systems (e.g., GEO, SM and MAG) and different representations (carthesian, spherical) within each reference system. The aim of this library is to collect all functions needed to perform coordinate system transformations in a consistent and encapsulated way.
Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded during 1991 and 2017 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page. This is the 24th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual.
Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded from 1991 to 2015 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page. This is the 25th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard"..
Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded during 2014 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page. This is the 24th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted".For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard"..
Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded during 1991..2018 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive files. This is the 28th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". Beginning with the publication of the definitive data for 2015, INTERMAGNET stopped publishing individual years of data and started publishing the entire, cumulative definitive data set since INTERMAGNET’s first recorded definitive data in 1991. This data set is known as the "INTERMAGNET Reference Data Set" (IRDS). The IRDS comprises all INTERMAGNET one-minute definitive data since 1991 and is annually updated with a new year and occasional corrections to previous releases. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". File names for IRDS data are formatted in the form mag<year>_def<year>.zip. The mag<year> section of the filename describes the year in which the data was recorded. The def<year> section of the filename describes the most recent annual INTERMAGNET publication in which the data was updated. Files where mag<year> = def<year> have had no corrections since their original publication. For example, "mag2015_def2016" indicates that this file is different from the first release "mag2015_def2015". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual.
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