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Land seismic data of the ALPHA amphibious controlled source experiment - Datasets

Raw-, SEG-Y and other supplementary data of the landside deployment from the amphibious wide-angle seismic experiment ALPHA are presented. The aim of this project was to reveal the crustal and lithospheric structure of the subducting Adriatic plate and the external accretionary wedge in the southern Dinarides. Airgun shots from the RV Meteor were recorded along two profiles across Montenegro and northern Albania.

Decollement depth of Active thrust faults in Italy

Based on available geological and geophysical data, the depth of the basal thrust decollement for compressional areas of Italy is collected. The proposed dataset is useful to a large scientific and risk-management audience (e.g., input for numerical modelling of regional studies, or providing the maximum depth of brittle crust useful to constraints maximum expected magnitudes for the study region).The dataset is presented as a long table (2019-028_Petricca_Table1.txt) in tab-separated text format. The table contains three columns indicating 1) the longitude, 2) the latitude and 3) the depth (in km) values of the maximum thrust faulting depth. Obtained depths range between 1 and 17 km.Conceptual model for the definition of the active thrust decollement depths (see Petricca et al., 2019): to define the basal decollement depth of active thrust faults are selected 75 published geological and seismic sections plus two maps of basal decollement (Table 1 in Petricca et al., 2019 for references). The study domain is gridded with nodes every 10x10 km. At each node coinciding with a seismic or geological section, the punctual value of the basal decollement depth with respect to the sea level is assigned. For the Calabrian Arc and part of Sicily, we used values picked from depth maps. Depth values at empty nodes are assigned by interpolation criteria using the minimum curvature method (Briggs, 1974), generalized by Smith and Wessel (1990) including the tension factor (i.e., the smoothing grade - 0.5 in this case). Further, the trend of the obtained isodepth contours is recalibrated following the composite sources (i.e. the maximum depth of seismogenic sources given in the DISS database - see Basili et al., 2008). Depth correction is obtained adding/subtracting the topography/bathymetry elevation/depth at nodes using values interpolated from ETOPO1 Global Relief Model. Due to the fact that the brittle-ductile transition (BDT) depth is possibly and locally shallower than the basal thrust depth (zbt), further correction is necessary. For this purpose, the BDT depths from Petricca et al. (2015) is compared with the basal thrust depths zbt from this study to select at each node of the computation grid the shallower value. The majority of the studied areas show a basal thrust depth (zmax) shallower than the BDT. An exception occurs offshore in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Sicily, where the BDT depth (10-12 km) is considerably shallower than the basal thrust depth (zmax<30 km). Limited portions of the northern Apennines and the part of the Calabrian arc close to the coast show comparable depths between the basal thrust (zmax) and BDT (i.e., 14-17 km).

Subsurface Vp and Vs model of crust and upper mantle under the Alps

The model contains the 3D structure of Vp and Vs in the crust and the mantle under the European Alps, as published in Kästle et al. (2025). It is the result of a direct inversion of surface-wave data, from ambient noise and earthquake records, and of teleseismic P and S wave data. A Bayesian tomography approach is used where we implement a reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo method to constrain the free parameters. This gives not only the mean Vp and Vs values, but also their uncertainties, as well as a distribution (histograms) of the sampled velocity parameters at each point of the model.

The mantle flow velocity and maximum principal stress orientation calculated by use of a geodynamical model

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3-D seismic interpretation with deep learning: a set of Python tutorials

Here we are sharing our code, tutorials and examples used to interpret geological structures (e.g. faults, salt bodies and horizones) in 2-D and/or 3-D seismic reflection data using deep learning. The repository is organised in a series of tutorials (Jupyter notebooks) with increasing degree of difficulty. We show step-by-step how to: (1) load seismic data, (2) train a model and (3) apply the model to map different geological structures. You can find a few visual examples on our poster and more technical details in our preprint.

Catalogue of Earthquake Hypocenters for Northern Chile from 2007-2021 using IPOC (plus auxiliary) seismic stations

The present dataset is a comprehensive earthquake catalogue for the Northern Chile subduction zone forearc covering the period 2007-2021, determined from IPOC seismic station data (GFZ and CNRS-INSU 2006; https://doi.org/10.14470/pk615318) plus some auxiliary stations (IPOC = Integrated Plate Boundary Observatory Chile; http://www.ipoc-network.org). The method of automatized earthquake catalogue retrieval, the different relocation steps as well as the different earthquake class labels, and the structures outlined by the seismicity are described in detail in Sippl et al. (2023). The catalogue builds on the one from Sippl et al. (2018; https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.1.2018.001), but uses a slightly deviating parameter set and a new event category. The columns of the data files are: year, month, day, hour, minute, second, latitude [dec. degrees], longitude [dec. degrees], depth [km], magnitude [ML], identifier The identifier term provides a first-order spatial classification of the seismicity, an explanation is given in Sippl et al. (2023).

Rheology of PDMS Korasilon fluids M used at the Laboratory for Experimental Tectonics at GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

This dataset provides rheometric data of PDMS Korasilon® Fluids M used for analogue modelling at the Laboratory for Experimental Tectonics at GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany. The material samples have been analyzed at the Laboratory for Experimental Tectonics at GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam (HelTec) using an Anton Paar Physica MCR 301 rheometer in a plate-plate configuration at room temperature (21˚C). Rotational (controlled shear rate) tests with shear rates varying from 10^-4 to 10^-1 s^-1 were performed. According to our rheometric analysis, the material is Newtonian (n = 1) at strain rates below 1 s-1. The viscosities range from 10 to 2000 Pa s.

A database of centrifuge analogue models testing the influence of inherited brittle fabrics on continental rifting

This dataset presents the raw data of an experimental series of analogue models performed to investigate the influence of inherited brittle fabrics on narrow continental rifting. This model series was performed to test the influence of brittle pre-existing fabrics on the rifting deformation by cutting the brittle layer at different orientations with respect to the extension direction. An overview of the experimental series is shown in Table 1. In this dataset we provide four different types of data, that can serve as supporting material and for further analysis: 1) The top-view photos, taken at different steps and showing the deformation process of each model; they can be used to interpret the geometrical characteristics of rift-related faults; 2) Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) used to reconstruct the 3D deformation of the performed analogue models, allowing for quantitative analysis of the fault pattern. 3) Short movies built from top-view photos which help to visualize the evolution of model deformation; 4) line-drawing of fault and fracture patters to be used for fault statistical quantification. Further details on the modelling strategy and setup can be found in Corti (2012), Maestrelli et al. (2020), Molnar et al. (2020), Philippon et al. (2015), Zwaan et al. (2021) and in the publication associated with this dataset. Materials used for these analogue models were described in Montanari et al. (2017) Del Ventisette et al. (2019) and Zwaan et al. (2020).

Rheology of PDMS Korasilon G20OH used at the Laboratory for Experimental Tectonics at GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

This dataset provides rheometric data of the PDMS Korasilon G20OH used for analogue modelling at the Laboratory for Experimental Tectonics at GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany. The material sample has been analyzed at the Laboratory for Experimental Tectonics at GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences (HelTec) using an Anton Paar Physica MCR 301 rheometer in a cone-plate configuration at room temperature (21˚C). Rotational (controlled shear rate) tests with shear rates varying from 10^-4 to 10^-1 s^-1 were performed. According to our rheometric analysis, the material is quasi-Newtonian (n~1) at strain rates below 10^-2 s^-1 and weakly shear rate thinning above. The viscosity of G20OH is 1.6*10^4 Pa s.

Trajectory models for daily displacement time series in the five years preceding the 2010 Maule Mw 8.8, Chile, and 2011 Tohoku-oki Mw 9.0, Japan earthquakes

This supplement contains GNSS displacement time series, fluid loading displacement time series predictions, and trajectory models for these time series. The time series are for the study regions of the paper: "Months-Long thousand-km-scale wobbling before great subduction earthquakes". These study regions are (1) Japan and surrounding countries and (2) Chile and surrounding countries. Network solution daily GNSS time series displacements in Chile and surrounding countries in the South American network have been produced by GFZ. Network solution daily GNSS time series of displacements in Japan have been produced by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI). PPP daily GNSS time series of displacements in Japan and surrounding countries have been produced by the Nevada Geodetic Laboratory, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, University of Nevada, Reno. Fluid loading predictions have been made using the HYDL, NTOL, NTAL, and SLEL products of the ESMGFZ. Readme ascii files in this data supplement contain instructions on how the data are ordered. Furthermore, the Readme file contains the relevant references and acknowledgments for readers who want to use these data in their own published studies.

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