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Two subglacial lakes in the western part of Vatnajökull ice cap, southeastern Iceland, 10 and 15 km WNW of Grímsvötn volcano, are the source of regular jökulhlaups in the Skaftá river. The eastern cauldron featured a jökulhlaup that started on 30 September 2015. The seismic signals generated by the flood were recorded using two seismic arrays (clusters of seismometers) operated by the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS) and the Icelandic Meteorological Office’s national seismic network, SIL. The arrays were maintained outside Vatnajökull ice cap. In the Vatnajökull region, the SIL network consists of stations that are partly installed on nunataks and within the ice. We performed array-processing in the frequency domain (FK-analysis) on data filtered 1.2 to 2.6 Hz using the array-processing code as implemented in Obspy to derive back azimuth and slownesses of a tremor source propagating with the flood front. We perform beam stacking in the time domain on data filtered from 5 to 20 Hz to derive the back-azimuth of high-frequency transients moving with the flood front. We used the SIL network for location and magnitude determination of 45 events near the cauldron and the flood path. These are possibly 22 icequakes and 23 earthquakes. We used the array data to apply an STA/LTA filter and template matching approach on data filtered from 1 to 15 Hz to detect 669 events associated with the flood. 30% of these could be clustered into families and are likely due to the ice-shelf collapse once the subglacial lake drained. These catalogs are further discussed and evaluated in Eibl et al. 2020 and Eibl et al. 2023. This data publications releases the catalogs of (i) tremor, (ii) located events and (iii) STA/LTA detected and clustered events.
This dataset contains the estimated source parameters using both Spectral Fitting (SF) method and Generalized Inversion Technique (GIT) for 1,577 earthquakes with magnitude ML1.0-5.7 during the time span 2006-2020 in the Sea of Marmara region. The study area surrounds the Sea of Marmara, close to the megacity Istanbul, with longitudes ranging from 27.3° to 29.35° and latitudes ranging from 40.5° to 40.9°. Source parameters including seismic moment (M_0^SF), corner frequency (f_c^SF), quality factor (Q^SF), and Brune stress drop (∆σ^SF), are estimated and calculated using SF approach (Kwiatek et al., 2011, 2014, 2015) with the Simplex method applied in the optimization process (Nelder & Mead, 1965); source parameters from GIT approach including seismic moment (M_0^GIT), corner frequency (f_c^GIT), and Brune stress drop (∆σ^GIT) are also calculated for the same events. The event information, i.e., event date, original time, event longitude, latitude, depth, local magnitude, is obtained from the seismicity catalog of Becker et al. (2023).
The dataset is supplementary material to the Solid Earth research article of Leonhardt et al. (2021). The dataset is a high-resolution catalog of seismicity framing the stimulation campaign of a 6.1 km deep Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) in Helsinki suburban area, Finland. Within the St1 Deep Heat project, a total of 18,160 m3 of fresh water was injected into crystalline rocks during 49 days in summer 2018. The seismicity was monitored by a 12-level seismometer array at >2km depth and a seismic network of near-surface borehole sensors surrounding the EGS site. We expanded and refined the original catalog of Kwiatek et al. (2019) including detected seismic events and earthquakes that occurred two month after the end of injection and determining new locations and relocations on the basis of a new velocity model derived from a post-stimulation vertical seismic profiling campaign. A detailed description of the catalog reprocessing as well as a description of basic statistical and spatio-temporal properties of the catalog can be find in the data description file. Definition of columns in the data table (also in the header of the data): event ID, event class, datenumber [integer part = day since year 0], year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds, local magnitude MLHEL, moment magnitude MW, absolute location in local cartesian coordinates [easting (m), northing (m), altitude (m)], relocated location in local cartesian coordinates [easting (m), northing (m), altitude (m)], fault plane solutions of estimated focal mechnisms [strike (°), dip (°), rake(°)] and root mean square fault plane uncertainty of estimated focal mechanisms.
The present dataset is a comprehensive earthquake catalogue for the Northern Chile subduction zone forearc covering the period 2007-2021, determined from IPOC seismic station data (GFZ and CNRS-INSU 2006; https://doi.org/10.14470/pk615318) plus some auxiliary stations (IPOC = Integrated Plate Boundary Observatory Chile; http://www.ipoc-network.org). The method of automatized earthquake catalogue retrieval, the different relocation steps as well as the different earthquake class labels, and the structures outlined by the seismicity are described in detail in Sippl et al. (2023). The catalogue builds on the one from Sippl et al. (2018; https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.1.2018.001), but uses a slightly deviating parameter set and a new event category. The columns of the data files are: year, month, day, hour, minute, second, latitude [dec. degrees], longitude [dec. degrees], depth [km], magnitude [ML], identifier The identifier term provides a first-order spatial classification of the seismicity, an explanation is given in Sippl et al. (2023).
The dataset is supplementary material to Kwiatek et al. (2019, Science Advances).The dataset is a refined seismic catalog acquired during the hydraulic stimulation of the future geothermal sites located in Espoo, Finland. There, the injection well, OTN-3, was drilled down to 6.1 km-depth into Precambrian crystalline rocks. Well OTN-3 was deviated 45° from vertical and an open hole section at the bottom was divided into several injection intervals. A total of 18,159 m3 of fresh water was pumped into crystal-line rocks during 49 days in June- and July, 2018. The stimulation was monitored in near-real time using (1) a 12-level seismometer array at 2.20-2.65 km depth in an observation well located ~10 m from OTN3 and (2) a 12-station network installed in 0.3-1.15 km deep bore-holes surrounding the project site. On completion of stimulation it the catalog contained 8452 event detections overall, and 6152 confirmed earthquakes located in the vicinity of the project site (epicentral distance from the well head of OTN-3 <5 km). These were recorded in a time period lasting 59 days: 49 days of active stimulation campaign and the 10 days following completion.The initial industrial seismic catalog of 6150 earthquakes was manually reprocessed. The P- and S-wave arrivals of larger seismic events with M>0.5 were all manually verified, and, if necessary, refined. Earthquakes with sufficient number of phases and seemingly anomalous hypocenter depths (e.g. very shallow or very deep) were manually revised as well. The hypocenter locations were calculated using the Equivalent differential time method and optimized with an Adaptive Simulated Annealing algorithm. The updated catalog contained 4,580 earthquakes that occurred at hypocenter depths 4.5-7.0 km, in the vicinity of the stimulation section of OTN-3. To increase the precision of their locations, the selected 2155 earthquakes with at least 10 P-wave and 4 S-wave picks were relocated using the double-difference relocation technique. The relocation uncertainties were estimated using bootstrap resampling technique. The relocation reduced the relative precision of hypocenter determination to approx. 66 m and 27 m for 95% and 68% of relocated earthquakes. The final relocated catalog that constitutes the here published contained 1,977 earthquakes (91% of the originally selected events).
This dataset contains spectra for 31 M_L≥3.5 earthquakes in the Sea of Marmara region and spectra for their empirical Green’s functions (EGFs), used for earthquake directivity analysis. The study area surrounds the Sea of Marmara, close to Istanbul metropolis, with longitudes from 27.3° to 29.35° and latitudes from 40.5° to 40.9°. The ground velocity spectra were calculated using Fourier transform for three-component S-wave segments. The event information was obtained from the seismicity catalog of Becker et al. (2023). Detailed information about the earthquake directivity analysis can be found in the related study.
The dataset is an extended and updated version of the homogenized regional earthquake catalogue of the Marmara region, north-western Turkey, presented in Wollin et al. (2018) and Becker et al. (2023). It is built on the regional Turkish seismicity catalogues provided by AFAD (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency of Turkey) and KOERI (Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute) and spans the time interval 2021-2023. All events available in these two catalogues in the wider Marmara region were combined and duplicate events removed. A total of 2242 events having at least 6 P- and/or S-picks were located using the NLLoc software (Lomax et al., 2000, 2009) in Octtree mode utilizing automatic picks obtained with the PhaseNet algorithm (Zhu & Beroza, 2019) for all available waveforms. The magnitude range is between M0.5 and M5.1 and covers mainly the area 40.00S-41.25S and 27.00E-30.00E which was used as search region for the regional catalogs. The full description of the data and methods is provided in the data description file.
The dataset is an extended and updated version of the homogenized regional earthquake catalogue of the Marmara region, north-western Turkey, presented in Bohnhof et al. (2017) and Wollin et al. (2018). It is built on the regional Turkish seismicity catalogues provided by AFAD (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency of Turkey) and KOERI (Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute) and spans the time interval 2006-2020. All events available in these two catalogues in the wider Marmara region were combined and dublicate events removed. A total of 13812 events having at least 6 P- and/or S-picks were located using the NLLoc software (Lomax et al., 2000, 2009) in Octtree mode utilizing automatic picks (see Wollin et al., 2018 for details) for all available waveforms. The magnitude range is between M0.3 and M5.7 with time-variable magnitude of completeness and covers the area 39.70S-41.50S and 26.0E-30.65E. The full description of the data and methods is provided in the data description file.
This data publication contains seismic waveform data of 507 earthquakes recorded during the St1 Deep Heat project in June and July 2018, where the 6.1 km deep OTN-3 well near Helsinki, Finland, was hydraulically stimulated over 49 days (Kwiatek et al., 2019). The waveforms were recorded on a surrounding seismic monitoring network consisting of 12 stations, deployed at epicentral distances between 0.6 to 8.2 km and at depths between 0.23 to 1.15 km. Each station consists of three-component, 4.5 Hz, Sunfull PSH geophones, sampling at 500 Hz. The 507 earthquakes analysed were chosen from the relocated event catalogue by Leonhardt et al. (2021a). The dataset is supplementary material to the Geophysical Research Letters research article of Holmgren et al. (2022), which applied the Empirical Green’s Function technique to examine microseismic rupture behaviour at the Helsinki site.
This catalogue is the extended version of “The European-Mediterranean Earthquake Catalogue (EMEC) for the last millennium” (Grünthal and Wahlstrom, 2012, 2012a). It is an earthquake catalogue for tectonic events in the broader European Mediterranean area. It reached from the Azores (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) in the west, to Africa north of the Sahara in the south, the Arctic Sea in the north, and the regions of Levant, eastern Turkey, and the Caucasus in the west. This areal coverage gave the name to the catalogue: EMEC—The European-Mediterranean Earthquake Catalogue. It extends the previous version (Grünsthal and Wahlström, 2012), by the years 2007 to 2021 and thus contains tectonic events for the period AD 1000 to 2021 with a uniform magnitude Mw from the threshold of 3.5. The dataset contains 71271 entries.
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