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In July and August 2017, off-shore seismic measurements have been carried out south of Sri Lanka as part of the INGON project. Main aim of this part of the project was to study the deep structure of the continent-ocean transition south of Sri Lanka and the early plate drift of India and Sri Lanka. The marine profile was extended by 15 seismic stations on-shore Sri Lanka, of which the data is contained in this data publication (land observations of airgun sources). This dataset consists of the raw (continuous) data of the land recorders (in proprietary cube and MSEED formats) and the shot records (airgun sources) in SEGY-format (standard exchange format).
The dataset contains the seismic weight drop data acquired in Private Reserve Santa Gracia, Chile. The data acquisition was conducted as a part of the EarthShape project in the subproject of Geophysical Imaging of the Deep EarthShape (GIDES). The seismic line was setup to cut across an existing borehole location with core and geophysical logging data available (Krone et al., 2021; Weckmann et al., 2020). The data was acquired to image the deep weathering zone identified by the borehole data across the seismic profile. Included in the datasets are the raw data of the CUBE data logger, SEG-Y data of the recorded shots, and the shot and receiver geometry data. A vital aspect of comprehending the interplay between geological and biological processes lies in the imaging of the critical zone, located deep beneath the surface, where the transition from unaltered bedrock to fragmented regolith occurs. It had been hypothesized that the depth of such weathering zone is dependent on the climate condition of the area. A more humid climate with higher precipitation will result in a deeper weathering front. As a part of the EarthShape project (SPP-1803 ‘EarthShape: Earth Surface Shaping by Biota’), specifically the Geophysical Imaging of the Deep EarthShape (GIDES - Grant No. KR 2073/5-1), we aim to image the weathering zone using the geophysical approach. Using the seismic method, we can differentiate different weathered layers based on the seismic velocity while also providing a 2D subsurface image of the critical zone. We conducted a seismic weight drop experiment in the Private Reserve Santa Gracia, Chile, to observe the depth of the weathering zone in a semi-arid climate and compare the resulting model with existing borehole data (Krone et al., 2021; Weckmann et al., 2020). The acquired data can then be used for multiple seismic imaging techniques, including body wave tomography and multichannel analysis of surface waves.
The dataset contains the seismic weight drop data acquired in Private Reserve Santa Gracia, Chile. The data acquisition was conducted as a part of the EarthShape project in the subproject of Geophysical Imaging of the Deep EarthShape (GIDES). The seismic line was setup to cut across an existing borehole location with core and geophysical logging data available (Krone et al., 2021; Weckmann et al., 2020). The data was acquired to image the deep weathering zone identified by the borehole data across the seismic profile. Included in the datasets are the raw data of the CUBE data logger, SEG-Y data of the recorded shots, and the shot and receiver geometry data. A vital aspect of comprehending the interplay between geological and biological processes lies in the imaging of the critical zone, located deep beneath the surface, where the transition from unaltered bedrock to fragmented regolith occurs. It had been hypothesized that the depth of such weathering zone is dependent on the climate condition of the area. A more humid climate with higher precipitation will result in a deeper weathering front. As a part of the EarthShape project (SPP-1803 ‘EarthShape: Earth Surface Shaping by Biota’), specifically the Geophysical Imaging of the Deep EarthShape (GIDES - Grant No. KR 2073/5-1), we aim to image the weathering zone using the geophysical approach. Using the seismic method, we can differentiate different weathered layers based on the seismic velocity while also providing a 2D subsurface image of the critical zone. We conducted a seismic weight drop experiment in the Private Reserve Santa Gracia, Chile, to observe the depth of the weathering zone in a semi-arid climate and compare the resulting model with existing borehole data (Krone et al., 2021; Weckmann et al., 2020). The acquired data can then be used for multiple seismic imaging techniques, including body wave tomography and multichannel analysis of surface waves.
This seismic crosshole dataset was acquired in the context of the DOVE project (Drilling Overdeep-ened Alpine Valleys) at ICDP site 5068_1 (Tannwald Basin) to image the glacial sediments at sub-meter scale. It consists of the field data with geographical coordinates. The project aims to investigate the landscape evolution in the Alpine region by drilling overdeep-ened valleys and analyzing the cores (DOVE-Phase 1 Scientific Team, Schaller et al., 2023, Schuster et al., 2024). At site 5068_1 (Tannwald Basin), three boreholes were drilled to a depth of about 160 m depth, reaching the bedrock. Boreholes 5068_1_A and 5068_1_B were flush drilling and bore-hole 5068_1_C was cored. In 2022, the boreholes were used to perform high-resolution crosshole seismic measurements in order to image the glacial sediments at sub-meter scale. This dataset con-sists of the seismic field data with geographical coordinates and is subdivided by (1) the used source and receiver borehole equipment (P: sparker and 24-station hydrophone string, SV: vertically polarizing shear wave source and three-component geophone string with eight geophones, SH: horizontally polarizing shear wave source and three-component geophone string with eight geophones), (2) the respective borehole plane (BA, BC, and AC), and (3) the acquisition geometry (STRING, CIRCLE, LINE_BA, LINE_BC, LINE_AC). The surface seismic data (CIRCLE, LINE_BA, LINE_BC, LINE_AC) was recorded by three-component geophones. The seismic data is provided in SEGY Rev. 1.0 format together with geometry files in csv-format.
In 2016, the Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics (Hannover, Germany) carried out two seismic surveys in the Lienz basin. The measurements are part of a DFG-funded project, which investigates the benefit of the application of modern multi-component reflection seismics preparatory to scientific drilling, in particular to the ICDP-project DOVE (Drilling Overdeepened Alpine Valleys). Four P-wave seismic profiles, perpendicular to the valley axes, were recorded using vibroseismic technique to gain structure and facies information. In addition, two SH-wave reflection seismics, one 6-component profile, two small 3-D layouts for P-wave and S-waves, as well as one P-wave and SH-wave refraction seismic profiles were measured for primarily methodological studies. Data show a good quality and, in a first quality control, the bedrock as well as internal structures of the basin are imaged.
The data set was acquired in the framework of the CRC 1211 “Earth – Evolution at the dry limit” which aims to study continuous longterm (Quaternary-Miocene) paleoclimatic/environmental records from the hyperarid core of the Atacama desert / N Chile covering the last up to 10 Ma. As part of this project, three clay pans were investigated in the Coastal Cordillera (Huara 20° 4'32.75"S; 69°55'1.46"W; PAG: 21°32'27.39"S; 69°54'47.21"W; Paranal 24°29'20.53"S; 70° 8'54.63"W). The clay pans are located along a latitudinal transect across the hyperarid core of the Atacama from 20° S to 24.5° S. The seismic survey comprised a couple of crossing 2D high-resolution seismic lines per each of the clay pans, acquired with vertical component geophones, Geode recorders and a PEG-40 accelerated weight drop as source.
This dataset contains a series of analog models for comparing and testing positive tectonic inversion mechanisms and wedge structure formation. Furthermore, it includes a 2-D seismic reflection profile that can be compared with the models presented here. Finally, several photos of some structural features that cab be associated with wedge structure are shown. Both seismic lines and photos are located on a segment of Andean forearc, specifically, in the eastern Domeyko Cordillera and the Salar de Atacama Basin in northern Chile. Specifically, the models were deformed under extensional and compressional conditions, inducing a positive tectonic inversion, using a pure/simple-shear deformational apparatus. Our models intended to simulate the tectonic conditions presented in López et al. (2022), which illustrated the structural setting of the Domeyko Cordillera as resulting from the interplay between positive inversion tectonics and pure shortening faulting. Moreover, our models simulated three geological environments that developed sequentially through time: (a) syn-rift sedimentation, (b) post-rift and pre-shortening sedimentation, and (c) syn-shortening sedimentation. Post-rift and syn-shortening sedimentation incorporated a ductile layer (PDMS) during the shortening phase, simulating the presence of evaporitic deposits (i.e., gypsum) to test the conditions that could have controlled the formation of pure-shortening-related structures in the case study under consideration.
The 55 km long KTB Line 5 was recorded in 1985 as part of deep seismic reflection investigations for the DEKORP (German Continental Seismic Reflection Program) and KTB (German Continental Deep Drilling Program) projects. The network of lines consists of two DEKORP profiles, DEKORP 4N and its appendix 4Q, and six shorter KTB profiles, KTB 8501 – 8506, arranged in the form of a grid parallel and perpendicular to the main tectonic lineaments. The purpose of the investigations was to explore the planned target area for the Continental Deep Drilling Site in the Upper Palatinate with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The main focus was on the crustal structure of the central Mid-European Variscides down to the Moho and the uppermost mantle and, in particular, on the suture between the Moldanubian Zone and the northward adjacent Saxothuringian Zone as well as on the metamorphic Zone of Erbendorf-Vohenstrauss. The array of the KTB profiles represents the pre-cursor of the 3-D seismic survey ISO 1989 (Integrated Seismics Oberpfalz). Details of the experiment, first results and interpretations were published by DEKORP Research Group (1987, 1988). Results discussed together with the drilling site were presented in a number of works which can be found in Emmermann & Wohlenberg (1989). The Technical Report of KTB 8505 gives complete information about acquisition and processing parameters. The European Variscides, extending from the French Central Massif to the East European Platform, originated during the collision between Gondwana and Baltica in the Late Palaeozoic. Due to involvement of various crustal blocks in the orogenesis, the mountain belt is subdivided into distinct zones. The external fold-and-thrust belts of the Rhenohercynian and Saxothuringian as well as the predominantly crystalline body of the Moldanubian dominate the central European segment of the Variscides. Polyphase tectonic deformation, magmatism and metamorphic processes led to a complex interlinking between the units. The Saxothuringian represents the infill of a Cambro-Ordovician basin. The Moldanubian contains blocks of pre-Variscan crust and their Palaezoic cover. During the Variscan orogeny the Moldanubian crust was thrust toward the northwest over the Saxothuringian foreland. Both units were welded to one another by a low-pressure metamorphism accompanied by polyphase deformation (DEKORP Research Group, 1987, 1988). The SSE-NNW trending line KTB 8505 runs from the Upper Palatinate Forest in the southeast to the Fichtel Mountains in the northwest. The line is located ca. 9 km northeast from the KTB drill site, nearly parallel to KTB 8504, KTB 8506 and DEKORP 4N and perpendicular to KTB 8501 – 8503. The profile also crosses the DEKORP 3D survey ISO 1989. KTB 8505 was arranged to explore the Tirschenreuth-Mähring segment of the Saxothuringian/Moldanubian boundary region (DEKORP Research Group, 1988).
This data publication contains part of a seismic survey collected across the Ivrea Zone, Italy, in October 2020. Within the research project SEIZE (SEismic Imaging of the Ivrea ZonE), this high-resolution seismic campaign investigates the upper 5 km of the subsurface under and around the commune of Balmuccia (Val Sesia, Piemont region). The aim is to provide the best in situ geophysical image and physical properties of the subsurface as well as to calibrate future observations made during the planned ICDP drilling (https://www.icdp-online.org/projects/by-continent/europe/dive-italy, http://www.dive2ivrea.org/). Seismic Data, including raw, mini-seed and SEG-Y files, of a part of a controlled-source 3D survey in Northern Italy, Ivrea Zone, based on 432 Vibroseis sources recorded by a fixed spread of 110 receivers.
The profile 2N was recorded in 1986 as part of the DEKORP project, the German deep seismic reflection program. The focus of the DEKORP project was on deep crustal and lithospheric structures and therefore originally not on structures at shallower depths. From today's perspective, however, this depth range is of great interest for a wide range of possible technical applications (including medium-depth and deep geothermal projects). The original data is published by Stiller et al. (2021). The southernmost 68 km of the 219 km long profile 2N were reprocessed on behalf of the Hessian Agency of Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology (HLNUG). The focus of the reprocessing was on improving the resolution / mapping of geological structures down to a depth of 6 km (approx. 3 s TWT) to describe the prolongation of faults and geological structures in more detail than in previous studies. In order to achieve these goals and in view of the fact that today's processing and evaluation methods have been improved considerably compared to the 1990‘s, a state-of-the-art reprocessing was implemented. In comparison with the original processing (Stiller et al. (2021)), more sophisticated processing steps like CRS (Common Reflection Surface) instead of CDP (Common Depth Point) stacking, turning-ray tomography and prestack time and depth migration were carried out. The reprocessing results of the DEKORP 2N survey comprise all datasets newly achieved in addition to the datasets from the original processing (Stiller et al. (2021)), i.e. (1) the migrated CRS image gathers as unstacked data, and (2) the pure CRS stack, the poststack-time as well as prestack-time and prestack-depth migrated sections as stacked data. Moreover, (3) all velocity models used for the different versions including (4) the separate first-break tomography inversion, are contained. All reprocessed data come in SEGY trace format, the final sections additionally in PDF graphic format. A reprocessing report is included as well as again all meta information for each domain (source, receiver, CDP) like coordinates, elevations, locations and static corrections combined in ASCII-tables for geometry assignment purposes. The DEKORP 2 survey, consisting of the three segments 86-2Q, 86-2N and 84-2S, starts in the sub-Variscan foredeep of the Münsterland Basin and ends in the Moldanubian region at the Danube. The central part crosses the Rhenish Massif (Rhenohercynian), the Spessart Mountains of the Mid-German Crystalline High (Saxothuringian) and the meteorite impact location of the "Nördlinger Ries". The 219 km long, SSE-NNW striking DEKORP 2N line provides a cross-section through the Rhenish Massif from the sub-Variscan Münsterland Basin in the north to the Rhenohercynian Taunus Mountains in the south. The profile is the northern continuation of DEKORP 2S, which intersects at profile km 7.72. The reprocessed datasets contain a sub-section of the entire 2N with a total length of 67.84 km of full CDP fold, covering the profile’s southern part through the state of Hesse. The DEKORP '86-2N profile is of particular interest to investigate the seismic resolution of the Rhenish Massif and its different structures, such as the Siegen anticline, the Dill syncline, and the Lahn anticline. In the most southern part, the profile reaches into the Rhenohercynian Taunus Mountains until the Taunus ridge. The seismic sections of 2N show clear, deep reaching reflections along the prolongation of the whole profile supporting newer theories of nappe structures in the hessian part of the Rhenish Massif. The reflections are more clearly visible than in the original processing. All visible structures are mainly SE-dipping reflections in the upper crust, which represent lithologic contrasts as well as thrust faults known from surface geology. In the lower crust highly reflective predominantly SE-dipping reflectors can be identified. Moho reflections are clearly identifiable and deepening to the NW.
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