Das Projekt "Managing the Effects of Multiple Stressors on Aquatic Ecosystems under Water Scarcity (GLOBAQUA)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Agencia estatal consejo superior de investigaciones cientificas durchgeführt. Water and water-related services are major components of the human wellbeing, and as such are major factors of socio-economic development in Europe; yet freshwater systems are under threat by a variety of stressors (organic and inorganic pollution, geomorphological alterations, land cover change, water abstraction, invasive species and pathogens. Some stressors, such as water scarcity, can be a stressor on its own because of its structural character, and drive the effects of other stressors. The relevance of water scarcity as a stressor is more important in semi-arid regions, such as the Mediterranean basin, which are characterized by highly variable river flows and the occurrence of low flows. This has resulted in increases in frequency and magnitude of extreme flow events. Furthermore, in other European regions such as eastern Germany, western Poland and England, water demand exceeds water availability and water scarcity has become an important management issue. Water scarcity is most commonly associated with inappropriate water management, with resulting river flow reductions. It has become one of the most important drivers of change in freshwater ecosystems. Conjoint occurrence of a myriad of stressors (chemical, geomorphological, biological) under water scarcity will produce novel and unfamiliar synergies and most likely very pronounced effects. Within this context, GLOBAQUA has assembled a multidisciplinary team of leading scientists in the fields of hydrology, chemistry, ecology, ecotoxicology, economy, sociology, engineering and modeling in order to study the interaction of multiple stressors within the frame of strong pressure on water resources. The aim is to achieve a better understanding how current management practices and policies could be improved by identifying the main drawbacks and alternatives.
Das Projekt "SOLUTIONS for present and future emerging pollutants in land and water resource management" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung GmbH - UFZ, Department Wirkungsorientierte Analytik durchgeführt. WP T3 Effect-directed analysis (EDA) - WP T4 Effect-based tools (EBT) - P T5 Ecological Assessment Tools (EA) - Leitung Task T5.1: Using in situ biomarkers and bioassays in a weight of evidence approach (WOE) for the detection of pollutant mixture effects on individual and population levels - WP C1 Danube River Basin case study - Leitung: Effect based screening. Reliable methods for a harmonized European environmental risk assessment have still to be improved. For this purpose, required regulatory measures by the competent authorities are more difficult, or often impossible. A consistent risk assessment is in need for solutions in the fields of prioritisation of present pollutants, abatement of future emerging toxicants, ecotoxicological data for these substances and tools for further management approaches. The 7th EU RTD Framework Programme project SOLUTIONS (Solutions for present and emerging pollutants in land and water resource management) started recently to address these particular topics with a consortium of 39 partners and under the coordination of the Helmholtz Centre of Environmental Research in Leipzig (Germany). Within the Water Framework Directive (WFD) a huge amount of data on the chemical and ecological status of surface water and ground water were collected and are more and more available. This includes property and emission data of substances liable to registration according to the European Chemical Directive REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals), agricultural plant protection products and pharmaceuticals as well as naturally occurring substances. Furthermore, a large number of effects on water organisms driven by pollutants are proofed due to monitoring activities. The main challenge is the linkage of the occurrence of chemicals with the ecological status of surface waters represented by effects on organism and population level. On the one hand the identification of major stressors in aquatic systems is needed. On the other hand knowledge about the molecular mode of action of these chemicals at the sites of action, level of cells and organs, and resulting impacts for organisms and populations is of elementary importance. For this purpose, world leading groups in trace analysis of emerging contaminants, transformation product identification and prediction, effect-based tools (EBTs; endocrine disruption, mutagenicity, adaptive stress response, in vitro and in vivo models, high-throughput microbial gene profiling, toxicogenomics), effect-directed analysis (EDA), exposure modelling, trait-based approaches and ecological modelling, risk assessment of mixtures, abatement options and science-policy interaction will contribute to this project. These efforts will result in tools which facilitate the necessary management approaches for the protection of European waters in according to the terms of the WFD. (abridged text)
Das Projekt "Dynamics-aerosol-chemistry-cloud interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Department Troposphärenforschung durchgeführt. Massive economic and population growth and urbanisation are expected to lead to a tripling of anthropogenic emissions in southern West Africa (SWA) between 2000 and 2030, the impacts of which on human health, ecosystems, food security and the regional climate are largely unknown. An assessment of these impacts is complicated by (a) a superposition with effects of global climate change, (b) the strong dependence of SWA on the sensitive West African monsoon, (c) incomplete scientific understanding of interactions between emissions, clouds, radiation, precipitation and regional circulations and (d) by a lack of observations to advance our understanding and improve predictions. The DACCIWA project will conduct extensive fieldwork in SWA to collect high-quality observations, spanning the entire process chain from surface-based natural and anthropogenic emissions to impacts on health, ecosystems and climate. Combining the resulting benchmark dataset with a wide range of modelling activities will allow (a) to assess all relevant physical and chemical processes, (b) to improve the monitoring of climate and compositional parameters from space and (c) to develop the next generation of weather and climate models capable of representing coupled cloud-aerosol interactions, which will ultimately lead to reduced uncertainties in climate predictions. SWA with its rich mix of emissions and diverse clouds is ideal for such a study and many findings and technical developments will be applicable to other monsoon regions. Using a targeted dissemination strategy, DACCIWA will deliver a comprehensive scientific assessment and actively guide sustainable future planning and policy-making for West Africa and beyond. The interdisciplinary and experienced DACCIWA team will build on the scientific and logistical foundations established by AMMA (EU FP6) and collaborate closely with operational centres, international programs (e.g. WCRP, IGBP), policy-makers and users to maximise impact.
Das Projekt "Generalised EMF Research using Novel Methods - an integrated approach: from research to risk assessment and support to risk management (GERONIMO)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Fundacion Privada Instituto de Salud Global Barcelona durchgeführt. The EU population is increasingly exposed to new physical and chemical agents in the environment, some of which may be detrimental to public health. Of these, electromagnetic fields (EMF) are one of the most ubiquitous, with new EMF technologies and novel applications being actively developed and commercialised. To address pertinent questions on EMF and health, GERoNiMO proposes an integrated approach building upon existing European resources (epidemiological studies, exposure assessment techniques, mechanistic and animal models, expert networks), using, where appropriate, novel methods, to better understand potential mechanisms underlying possible health effects of EMF, to characterise population levels of exposure, and to further the state of knowledge on EMF and health. GERoNiMO will focus on radiofrequency fields (RF) - as understanding of possible health effects is insufficient and a large proportion of the general population is exposed, with commercial applications continuing to grow - and intermediate frequencies (IF) - as applications are increasing and information on potential health effects is sparse. GERoNiMO will address all aspects of the call by meeting the following four main objectives: i) evaluate possible health effects (cognitive and behavioural development, cancer risk, and reproductive effects) of exposure to RF and IF in children and adults; ii) better understand mechanisms of biological effects (behavioural and reproductive effects, cancer, ageing, and Alzheimer's disease) related to RF and IF; iii) collect better data on population exposure and improve health risk assessment for RF and IF; and iv) underpin policy development in Europe on RF and IF (including non-technological means of reducing exposure and best practices in risk communication to support EU policy makers). GERoNiMO represents a unique and timely opportunity for the development of a truly integrated approach to research into EMF and health in Europe.
Das Projekt "Preventing and Remediating degradation of soils in Europe through Land Care (RECARE)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Wageningen Universiteit durchgeführt. Although there is a large body of knowledge available on soil threats in Europe, this knowledge is fragmented and incomplete, in particular regarding the complexity and functioning of soil systems and their interaction with human activities. The main aim of RECARE is to develop effective prevention, remediation and restoration measures using an innovative trans-disciplinary approach, actively integrating and advancing knowledge of stakeholders and scientists in 17 Case Studies, covering a range of soil threats in different bio-physical and socio-economic environments across Europe. Within these Case Study sites, i) the current state of degradation and conservation will be assessed using a new methodology, based on the WOCAT mapping procedure, ii) impacts of degradation and conservation on soil functions and ecosystem services will be quantified in a harmonized, spatially explicit way, accounting for costs and benefits, and possible trade-offs, iii) prevention, remediation and restoration measures selected and implemented by stakeholders in a participatory process will be evaluated regarding efficacy, and iv) the applicability and impact of these measures at the European level will be assessed using a new integrated bio-physical and socio-economic model, accounting for land use dynamics as a result of for instance economic development and policies. Existing national and EU policies will be reviewed and compared to identify potential incoherence, contradictions and synergies. Policy messages will be formulated based on the Case Study results and their integration at European level. A comprehensive dissemination and communication strategy, including the development of a web-based Dissemination and Communication Hub, will accompany the other activities to ensure that project results are disseminated to a variety of stakeholders at the right time and in the appropriate formats to stimulate renewed care for European soils.
Das Projekt "Forschungsnetzwerk zu zukünftigen Aktivitäten und Abschätzung von Forschungs- und Innovationsperspektiven in den Bereichen Klima, Ressourceneffizienz und Rohstoffe (RECREATE)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie gGmbH durchgeführt. RECREATE ist ein Forschungsnetzwerk mit dem Zweck, die europäische Forschungspolitik zu unterstützen, indem es ex ante Bewertungen von EU-finanzierter Forschung durchführt. Es sammelt strategische Informationen bezüglich mittel- und langfristiger Forschungs- und Innovationstrends in den Bereichen Klimawandel, Ressourceneffizienz und Rohstoffe. Neben der Untersuchung von Forschungs- und Innovationsprogrammen wird das Projekt auch Politik-, Technologie- und Marktentwicklungen analysieren. Im Fokus der Analyse stehen dabei Länder der EU und relevante Drittstaaten. RECREATE tritt mit dem Ziel an, Fragmentierungen in der EU-Forschungslandschaft zu überwinden. Das bedeutet konkret, dass RECREATE eine Forschungsagenda für das neue EU-Rahmenprogramm für Forschung und Innovation 'Horizon 2020' formuliert, die den Herausforderungen der Ressourceneffizienz und des Klimawandels sowie die einer nachhaltigen Rohstoff-Versorgung unter Beachtung der planetarischen Leitplanken gerecht wird. RECREATE untersucht dabei insbesondere Synergien und Zielkonflikte von Forschungsprogrammen. RECREATE ist entlang der folgenden Aufgaben organisiert: 1. Entwicklung, Einführung und Pflege eines Netzwerks von relevanten Akteuren aus Industrie, Wissenschaft und Politik zur Unterstützung von Forschung und Innovation 2. Entwicklung und Abbildung von Kennzahlen sowie einer Scoreboard-Struktur zur Folgenabschätzung ausgewählter Forschungs- und Innovations-Kooperationen in ökologischer und sozioökonomischer Hinsicht 3. Sammlung von strategischen mittel- und langfristigen Forschungs- und Innovationstrends sowie Analyse von Technologie- und Politik-Trends als Basis für zukunftsorientierte Forschung 4. Erstellung quantitativer und qualitativer Kurzberichte zu Forschungs- und Innovations-Trends und strategischen Optionen für relevante Akteure in Forschung und Politik der EU. RECREATE beginnt im Juli 2013 und ist eine fünfjährige Koordinierungs- und Unterstützungsmaßnahme, die durch die Europäische Kommission finanziert wird. Es besteht aus einem Verbund von 15 Projektpartnern, die jeweils Hauptakteure in den Bereichen Klimawandel, Ressourceneffizienz und Rohstoffe sind. Das Wuppertal Institut wird das Arbeitspaket zu Indikatoren für Folgenabschätzungen leiten und ist darüber hinaus in die anderen Arbeitspakete involviert.
Das Projekt "Impacts and risks from higher-end scenarios: Strategies for innovative solutions (IMPRESSIONS)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford durchgeführt. IMPRESSIONS will provide empirically-grounded, transformative science that quantifies and explains the consequences of high-end climate scenarios for both decision-makers and society. IMPRESSIONS will develop and apply a novel participatory methodology that explicitly deals with uncertainties and strong non-linear changes focussing on high-end climate change, but also including intermediate warming levels. This new methodology will build on the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) and shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) to create a coherent set of high-end climate and socio-economic scenarios covering multiple scales. These scenarios will be applied to a range of impact, adaptation and vulnerability models that build on theories of complex systems and address tipping elements as key characteristics of such systems. The models will be embedded within an innovative multi-scale integrated assessment approach to improve analysis of cross-scale interactions and cross-sectoral benefits, conflicts and trade-offs. Model results will inform the development of time- and path-dependent transition pathways. These will include mechanisms to foster synergies between adaptation and mitigation and will aim to build resilience in the face of uncertainty. Methods will be applied within five linked multi-sectoral case studies at global, European and regional/local scales. Stakeholders within these case studies will be fully engaged in the research process through a series of in-depth professionally facilitated workshops which maximise their active participation in defining high-end scenarios and adaptation and mitigation pathways, and in analysing the inherent risks and opportunities of new policy strategies. This will build the capacity of stakeholders to understand the risks, opportunities, costs and benefits associated with different adaptation and mitigation pathways under high-end scenarios, and how they might be effectively embedded within decision-making processes.
Das Projekt "Innovative model and demonstration based water management for resource efficiency in integrated multitrophic agriculture and aquaculture systems (INAPRO)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Gemeinsame Verwaltung durchgeführt. The objective of INAPRO is to mobilise industry, member states and stakeholders to promote a new and innovative technical and technological approach right up to an Aquaponic system which allows a nearly emission free sustainable production and contributes remarkably to global food security for the 21st century. Considering that traditional Aquaponic systems, combining aquaculture and hydroponics, have a great potential in saving water and energy and recovering nutrients from wastewater by value chains, the project aims at a real breakthrough for these systems towards commercialization. This will be achieved by a) the model based optimisation of the system concept in respect to water consumption and quality, environmental impact, waste avoidance, CO2 release and nutrient recycling, energy efficiency, management efforts and finally costs and b) the integration of new technologies containing cutting edge approaches such as: 1) innovative one-way water supply for horticulture and water retrieval by condensation, 2) alternative water and energy sources, 3) optimized filter systems, 4) intelligent sensor and management network for an optimized system construction and operation. The viability of INAPRO systems will be proved in concept-based demonstration projects both in rural and in urban areas that offer a potential economic advantage while simultaneously reducing water and carbon footprint. The dissemination activities (to policy, public and end-users) will open new market opportunities and improve market access inside and outside Europe for producers and technology suppliers. These ambitions meet perfectly with the EU strategies under Europe 2020 to face the challenges of dramatic water resource developments in Europe and worldwide. The project supports particularly the Innovation Union with the EIP Water as one key initiative and further the Common Agricultural Policy and will consequently be closely connected to an EIP Action Group in agricultural water management.
Das Projekt "Health and Environment-wide Associations based on Large population Surveys (HEALS)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universite Paris VI durchgeführt. Assessing individual exposure to environmental stressors and predicting health outcomes implies that both environmental exposures and epi/genetic variations are reliably measured simultaneously. HEALS (Health and Environment-wide Associations based on Large population Surveys) brings together in an innovative approach a comprehensive array of novel technologies, data analysis and modeling tools that support efficiently exposome studies. The general objective of HEALS is the refinement of an integrated methodology and the application of the corresponding analytical and computational tools for performing environment-wide association studies in support of EU-wide environment and health assessments. The exposome represents the totality of exposures from conception onwards, simultaneously identifying, characterizing and quantifying the exogenous and endogenous exposures and modifiable risk factors that predispose to and predict diseases throughout a person's life span. The HEALS approach brings together and organizes environmental, socio-economic, exposure, biomarker and health effect data; in addition, it includes all the procedures and computational sequences necessary for applying advanced bioinformatics coupling thus effective data mining, biological and exposure modeling so as to ensure that environmental exposure-health associations are studied comprehensively. The overall approach will be verified and refined in a series of population studies across Europe including twin cohorts, tackling different levels of environmental exposure, age windows of exposure, and socio-economic and genetic variability. The HEALS approach will be applied in a pilot environment and health examination survey of children including singletons and sets of twins with matched singletons (each twins pair having also a matched singleton) covering ten EU Member States (the EXHES Study). The lessons learned will be translated into scientific advice towards the development of protocols and guidelines for the setting up of a larger European environment and health examination survey.
Das Projekt "Managing Aquatic ecosystems and water Resources under multiple Stress (MARS)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Duisburg-Essen, Verwaltung, Sachgebiet (6.3) Forschungsförderung,Drittmittel durchgeführt. MARS will support managers and policy makers in the practical implementation of the WFD, of related legislation and of the Blueprint to Safeguard Europes Water Resources by conducting new research and synthesising existing knowledge concerning effects and management of multiple stressors in surface water and groundwater bodies; by advising the 3rd RMBP cycle and the revision of the WFD; and by developing new integrated tools for diagnosing and predicting multiple stressors in water resource management. The consortium includes 19 research institutes and five water boards and environment agencies. MARS will engage with ongoing and finalised European initiatives addressing related topics, thus acting as an integrating project. Work will be organised at the scales of water bodies, river basins and Europe; at each scale there is a direct link to water managers and decision makers. Nested within the scale structure, we will employ a suite of methods: flume and mesocosm experiments to better understand the effects of selected stressor combinations with a focus on extremes and hydrological stress; linkage of abiotic and biotic models to predict effects of stressor combinations at a river basin scale; large-scale data analysis employing existing databases, but including additional variables, to gain a Europe-wide overview of stress, status and ecosystem services. MARS will be composed of eight workpackages (WPs). While WP1 will be responsible for overall coordination, WP2 will provide tools, concepts and scenarios for the other WPs. WPs 3-5 will analyse and predict multiple stressor-impact relationships on three scales: water bodies (WP3), river basins (WP4) and Europe (WP5); the results will be synthesised across scales by WP6. WP7 will generate a wiki information system and produce or improve tools addressing the three scales. WP8 will communicate with river basin districts and Common Implementation Strategy (CIS) groups and will advise the WFD revision.
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