Vogelfreunde schätzen das Gebiet um den Faulen See seit langem. 142 Vogelarten wurden hier beobachtet, 80 sogar regelmäßig. Nicht verwunderlich also, dass der Faule See zu den ältesten NSG Berlins gehört. Wie viele andere Berliner Gewässer verdankt auch dieses seine Existenz einem Toteisblock. Heute wird der See vorwiegend über Niederschlagswasser gespeist. Um das Austrocknen zu verhindern, wurde am Abfluss des Sees ein Stau errichtet. In seiner Entstehung durch parkgestalterische Pflanzungen beeinflusst, findet man im NSG vielfältige Waldbilder. Am Westufer beeindrucken einige über hundert Jahre alte Pappeln mit ihren Stammumfängen. Unzählige Holzbewohner und Baumpilze sind auf solche Altbäume angewiesen. Im See laichen Erdkröten, Moor- und Grasfrösche. Dieses im Stadtzentrum gelegene, von verkehrsreichen Straßen umgebene NSG ist eine Insel der Ruhe. Das NSG ist mit öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln gut zu erreichen. Schon von der Haltestelle “Stadion Buschallee” aus ist sein waldartiger Baumbestand nicht zu übersehen. Folgt man den Wegen, gelangt man zu einem der Eingänge, wo Informationstafeln einen kurzen Überblick über das Wegenetz liefern. Für einen Besuch eignen sich vornehmlich die Monate April bis Juni, dann ist das Vogelkonzert in den Morgen- und Abendstunden besonders eindrucksvoll. Im Sommer weisen die Rufe der Frösche den Weg zum im Zentrum liegenden See. Um diesen verläuft ein zur Seeseite eingezäunter Rundweg, der den Besucher vor herabfallendem Totholz und den See vor unnötigen Beeinträchtigungen schützen soll. Im Südosten des Sees wurde eine Beobachtungsplattform zur Wasservogelbeobachtung errichtet.
<p>Biological invasions are a major challenge for natural systems in the Anthropocene, yet their underlying dynamics often remain insufficiently understood. This project establishes Johnstone’s Whistling Frog (Eleutherodactylus johnstonei) as a new alien amphibian model and reevaluates long-held assumptions about invasion processes and patterns. Native to a small Lesser Antillean island, E. johnstonei has achieved an unexpectedly broad exotic distribution. By integrating ecological, genetic, and microbiome perspectives, this work reveals that the species’ invasion success is driven less by intrinsic biological superiority and more by its compatibility with human-dominated environments.Field surveys conducted 25 years after the frog’s introduction to Colombia demonstrate that its distribution remains tightly associated with urban habitats and their characteristic environmental conditions. Comparative genetic analyses across E. johnstonei, its successful alien congener E. antillensis, and the island endemic E. portoricensis show consistently low genetic diversity in both native and exotic populations, indicating that genetic impoverishment does not preclude invasion success. Instead, species distribution models highlight human footprint as a key predictor of the frog’s wide exotic range. Furthermore, microbiome analyses reveal distinct microbial communities between native and introduced populations, suggesting that microbial restructuring accompanies range expansion and may reflect underlying adaptive or transfer processes.Together, these findings challenge conventional invasion theory by illustrating that islands can act as sources instead of sinks and that species with low genetic diversity can thrive across continents when human-mediated disturbances create favorable conditions. The study argues that conservation strategies should prioritize protecting native habitats over targeting adaptable alien species that succeed largely because of anthropogenic change. More broadly, it calls for a rethinking of "nativeness" in an era of rapid environmental transformation and underscores that the resilience of both macro- and micro-communities - rather than species origin - will shape biodiversity outcomes in the Anthropocene.</p>
The uplift of the Himalaya-Tibet Orogen (HTO) has significantly influenced the global climate and due to its massive elevations and river incisions it likely played an important role as a speciation pump. However, our understanding of the historical biogeography of species in the HTO is far from being comprehensive, as are details of the spatiotemporal evolution of its uplift. The Himalaya plays a key role in elucidating these processes. Results from the applicant's preliminary work, based on molecular data from amphibians, provide initial indications for a Paleo-Tibetan origin of Himalayan faunal components, challenging the long-held belief of immigration from China-Indochina into the Himalaya. Yet, a comprehensive phylogeographic approach is needed, requiring a systematic sampling from biogeographically important regions and an extended analytical framework to pinpoint patterns of diversification in the Himalaya and adjacent regions and to uncover the relative contribution of in-situ speciation versus colonisation in the HTO. Within the project, the applicant will use four carefully chosen terrestrial model systems (spiny frogs, lazy toads, the Himalayan toad and ground skinks), that are sufficiently phylogenetically old and cover a range of different dispersal abilities and ecological preferences. Using cutting-edge targeted exon capture technology in combination with next generation DNA sequencing and state of the art phylogenetic analysis alternative phylogeographic hypotheses will be tested (immigration, vicariance, out-of-Tibet, Paleo-Tibetan origin) and estimate divergence times. The applicant pursues the following objectives with the study: i) Detailed phylogenetic inventory in areas along the southern slope of the Himalaya and surrounding mountain areas; ii) Reconstructing diversification/colonisation pattern; iii) Providing biological evidences for the time of (primary) uplifts of HTO components. Access to museum samples at the applicant's collaboration partners disposal includes almost all relevant species, guaranteeing fast progress of this project. Data amount and resulting statistical power will allow drawing conclusions in an unprecedented power on colonization history and uplift of the HTO. It will also allow identifying factors important for species diversification and contribute to an understanding of the Tertiary environmental conditions of the HTO.
We describe a new species of arboreal microhylid frog from northern Madagascar. The new species is assigned to the genus Cophyla based on molecular phylogeny and morphological similarities to other species of this genus. Molecular phylogenetic analysis resolved Cophyla fortuna sp. nov. as closely related to C. noromalalae, However, the two species were reciprocally monophyletic both in a tree reconstructed from a combination of mitochondrial genes, and in a tree based on the nuclear RAG-1 gene. The new species, previously identified as candidate species Cophyla sp. Ca4, occurs in lowland bamboo forests around the Marojejy Massif in northeastern Madagascar. It differs from the allopatric C. noromalalae, so far only known from the Montagne d'Ambre Massif in northern Madagascar, by slightly smaller body size and shorter duration and higher spectral frequency of advertisement calls. Several additional genetically divergent mitochondrial lineages of Cophyla, related to the C. fortuna/noromalalae complex and to C. phyllodactyla, occur in intervening areas between Montagne d'Ambre and Marojejy, and their status requires further study. These data are used in the article "Description of the lucky Cophyla (Microhylidae, Cophylinae), a new arboreal frog from Marojejy National Park in north-eastern Madagascar" (https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4651.2.4).
Besondere Anpassungen der Wuestenassel Hemilepistus reaumuri sind ihr Sozialverhalten im Familienverband und extreme Orientierungsleistungen, mit deren Hilfe sie ihre Hoehle wiederfindet. Beide Verhaltenskomplexe wurden und werden untersucht. Der Riedfrosch Hyperolius viridiflavus vermag in der Trockenzeit mehrere Monate in der Vegetationsschicht semiarider Gebiete ohne Nahrungsaufnahme zu ueberstehen. In diesem Zusammenhang werden die Art des Verdunstungsschutzes und besondere Anpassungen beim Atmungsstoffwechsel untersucht.
Reaktionen verschiedener Zellsysteme auf Schwerelosigkeitssimulation und erhoehte Beschleunigung werden im Zusammenhang mit der Frage zellphysiologischer Risiken fuer den Raumfahrer untersucht; gewebskundliche Untersuchung des Gleichgewichtsorgans von Froschembryonen und -larven zur Bewertung der Gefahr einer degenerativen Entartung dieses Organs beim Raumfahrer.
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