Das Projekt "Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB) 924: Molekulare Mechanismen der Ertragsbildung und Ertragssicherung bei Pflanzen; Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Yield and Yield Stability in Plants, Schwerpunktprogramm SFB 924: Molekulare Mechanismen der Ertragsbildung und Ertragssicherung bei Pflanzen - Teilprojekt A04: Gameteninteraktion und -fusion während der Doppelten Befruchtung" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität Regensburg, Lehrstuhl für Zellbiologie und Pflanzenbiochemie.Die Interaktion der Gameten während der doppelten Befruchtung ist essentiell für den Befruchtungserfolg und damit für die Ertragshöhe. Im Rahmen dieses Projekts werden Proteine identifiziert und untersucht, die an der Zelloberfläche von Gameten exprimiert werden und essentiell für die Interaktion der Gameten und für den Befruchtungserfolg sind. Ihre Rolle im molekularen Mechanismus der doppelten Befruchtung soll analysiert und potentielle Interaktionspartner identifiziert werden. Die subzelluläre Lokalisierung und Protein-Protein-Interaktionen während der Erkennung, Adhäsion und Fusion der Gameten sollen im Detail untersucht werden. Eine funktionelle Komplementierung durch mutmaßliche Orthologe aus verschiedenen Kulturpflanzen soll im jeweiligen Mutanten Hintergrund durchgeführt werden.
Das Projekt "Energiepolitische Prüfung der geplanten Kooperation und Fusion kommunaler Versorgungsunternehmen im Rhein-Main-Gebiet" wird/wurde gefördert durch: ESWE-Institut für Wasserforschung und Wassertechnologie / Hessische Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Öko-Institut. Institut für angewandte Ökologie e.V..
Das Projekt "Erkennung von Gleisfehlstellen in Straßenbahnnetzen anhand von Onboard-Daten im Hinblick auf Immissionskarten in europäischen Städten, Teilvorhaben: DLR e.V." wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Digitales und Verkehr. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Verkehrssystemtechnik.Das Projekt OnboardEU befasst sich mit der Instrumentierung von Straßenbahnen im Bereich des Rad-Schiene-Kontakts, um anhand der gesammelten Vibro-Akustikdaten KI-Algorithmen zur automatischen Fehlstellendetektion und Lärmkatierung zu entwickeln. Durch die Verwendung von Regelfahrzeugen, die in verschiedenen Städten verkehren, soll ein umfassender, öffentlicher Datenkatalog an Fehlstellen entstehen, der Netzbetreibern in der Instandhaltungsplanung und Emissionsreduktion unterstützt. Dieses Teilvorhaben trägt durch Verfolgung folgender drei Kernziele zum Gesamtvorhaben bei: - Gleisgenaue Georeferenzierung der erhobenen Messdaten mittels kartengestützter Multi-Sensor-Fusion - Erstellung eines Trainingsdatenkatalogs mit vibroakustischen Daten für die Veröffentlichung über die mCLOUD - Automatische Erkennung, Lokalisierung und Gruppierung (Clustering) auffälliger Fahrzeugreaktionen mit unüberwachten Lernverfahren Für die Erreichung der Kernziele werden insbesondere folgende zugehörigen Forschungsfragen bearbeitet: - Wie können bestehende Multi-Sensor-Fusions-Ansätze unter Einbindung einer digitalen Karte algorithmisch weiterentwickelt werden, um auch unter den anspruchsvollen urbanen Bedingungen (z.B. enge Häuserschluchten, Unterführungen, überdachte Bahnhöfe, Tunnel, etc.) hoch zuverlässig zu funktionieren? - Welche unüberwachten KI-Ansätze eigenen sich zur zuverlässigen Erkennung atypischer, ggfs. bislang unbekannter, dynamischer Fahrzeugreaktionen die auf Schäden an Strecke oder Fahrzeug hindeuten können?
Das Projekt "Green-Fusion" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Energietechnik, Fachgebiet Energie- und Gebäudetechnik.Green Fusion versteht sich als Start-Up im Energiebereich, das bisher getrennte Sektoren miteinander verbindet. Im Zentrum der Unternehmung steht die Entwicklung einer innovativen Software zum Energiemanagement von Strom, Heizung und Elektromobilität in Wohn- und Geschäftsgebäuden. In den genannten Sektoren liegen bisher nur fragmentierte und herstellereigene Lösungen vor, die kompliziert in der Anwendung und unzureichend in ihren Funktionen sind. Unser Produkt Green Fusion Controlling (GFC) versteht sich als Integrations- und Brückentechnologie: GFC ermöglicht es, das Energiemanagement von Strom, Heizung und Elektromobilität bequem 'aus einer Hand' zu steuern, zu monitorieren und zu optimieren. Auf diese Weise möchten wir einen deutlichen Zugewinn für Unternehmen wie DEGEWO, Märkische Scholle oder Deutsche Wohnen leisten, die Gebäude betreiben und deren Energieversorgung verwalten. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wählen wir eine Software-Architektur mit modularisiertem Ansatz und Open Source-basierten Anteilen, um die Vorteile der Offenheit zu nutzen und maßgeschneiderte Angebote zu kreieren. Denn in diversen Online-Communities gibt es bereits eine lebendige Bastlerszene, die spezifische Lösungen für ihre Energiemanagement-Probleme entwickelt. Allerdings liegen auch diese nur fragmentiert und sektoral unverbunden vor. In unserer Unternehmung möchten wir daher gezielt die Communities ansprechen, in die Entwicklung von GFC miteinbinden und dadurch zu einer partiellen Neuordnung des Energiebereichs beitragen.
Das Projekt "Depletion of algal toxin-contaminated water using selective biofilters based on plant-produced antibodies (plantibodies)" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität München, Institut für Wasserchemie und Chemische Balneologie, Lehrstuhl für Analytische Chemie und Wasserchemie.Although the use of genetically modified plants for bioremediation, or the in situ cleaning of contaminated sites, has been known for quite some time, little attention has so far been paid to the production of antibodies in plants and their ex vivo application in selective depletion. Therefore, highly affine and specific antibodies against algal toxins using microcystin as an example will be produced in plants at low cost within this research project. The basis is a monoclonal antibody (Mab 10E7, species: mouse) generated in a former research project. The sequence of the variable domains will be determined, optimized for plants and sub cloned into suitable plant transformation vectors, which already contain constant antibody sequences. In addition, a scFv fragment containing different tag sequences and fusion proteins will be constructed. Leaf-based (tobacco) as well as seed-based (barley) systems will be used.Affinity-purified plant-produced antibodies (plantibodies) will be characterized in detail for their binding properties using microtitre plate-ELISA and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The monoclonal mouse antibody will be used as reference. To assure cost-efficiency for future applications, roughly purified fractions (sequential pH and temperature treatment followed by filtration) will be tested for the upscaling. Following immobilization of the plantibody fractions on suitable substrates, for instance membranes, porous polymer monoliths or in porous glasses, their application for depletion will be defined using model water samples spiked fortified with microcystins.
Das Projekt "Integrated water resources modeling and its uncertainty analysis for coastal watersheds under climate and land-use change" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Bio-und Geowissenschaften (IBG), IBG-3 Agrosphäre.It has been shown that three-dimensional groundwater dynamics may have strong influence on the mass-and energy balance (MEB) of the landsurface. On the other hand, the landsurface MEB, including processes such as evapotranspiration, plays a key role in groundwater recharge. Therefore, changes in land-use type and patterns may have significant influence on the MEB and groundwater recharge in the future, because evapotranspiration is strongly determined by the vegetation cover. This illustrates the reciprocity in the coupled hydrologic and energy cycles. Without explicit inclusion of groundwater dynamics, MEB calculations are burdened with significant inaccuracies and uncertainties (and vice versa), and may lead to wrong predictions. The goal is to study and quantify the influence of groundwater dynamics on the MEB of the landsurface over large spatial and temporal scales and to derive estimates of groundwater recharge and evapotranspiration influenced by future climate and land-use change. The proposed study will work under the scientific exemplar that the subsurface-landsurface system must be represented in a physically consistent and integrated fashion. This will be achieved by a fusion of theoretical approaches and measured data. An existing integrated, high-performance computing simulation platform for MEB calculations of the subsurface-landsurface system will be improved and applied to the large scale Luanhe watershed in China for validation and prognostic purposes. For the first time, the entire system from the water table across the landsurface will be considered, which will lead to more accurate predictions of the system state. The MEB at the landsurface is governed by complex processes including plant transpiration. Until now, these processes are approximated via ad-hoc empirical approaches that have not been validated adequately using measurements. In this study, a more complete transpiration and root water uptake model will be implemented to account for e.g., variable root density distributions depending on subsurface moisture conditions that are commonly neglected and optimized stomatal resistance parameterizations. These approaches will enter directly into the integrated simulation platform. In a validation exercise, the simulation platform will be applied to the Luanhe watershed. Groundwater recharge - a parameter of major interest in the study region - will be extracted and the influence of climate and land-use change will be investigated. This will include scenario simulations of future climate and landuse changes in the region. As a demonstration, high-resolution, long-term forecasts of the MEB of the Luanhe catchment will be generated. These results will provide the foundation for management and mitigation strategies of potential consequences of climate and land-use change, which is the primary subject of the Chinese research team.
Das Projekt "Analysing climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies for sustainable rural land use and landscape developments in Austria (CC-ILA)" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Institut für Landschaftsentwicklung, Erholungs- und Naturschutzplanung (ILEN).Changes in European agricultural landscapes have gained on intensification in the second half of the last century. Among others, they are driven by global change phenomena such as climate change, demographic change and migration, increasing global bio-energy demands and changing human diets as well as by trade liberalisation, technological progress, and leakage effects of land use policy interventions. Farmers usually respond to such changes by adapting production and land use systems to efficiently utilize and manage their farm resource endowments. However, this process often leads to adverse impacts on the diversity of agricultural landscapes and environmental qualities. EU policies have been formulated as a reaction to singular or sectoral problems (e.g. the Common Agricultural Policy, the Water Framework Directive, the Nitrates Directive, NATURA2000), which are usually differently implemented among member states by using a variety of legislative or incentive based instruments. Consequently, more coordination among policies is required to minimize the trade-offs between different land use policy targets (i.e. land conservation versus boosting biomass production), and between private (adaptive) and societal (mitigative) land use benefits. Mitigation and adaptation are often separately analysed due to the nature of the problem i.e. mitigation is often considered as public good versus adaptation as private or club good. However, it is necessary to consider both in assessing the mutual benefits of cost-effective land uses and farm mitigation and adaptation measures, which mainly depend on spatial heterogeneity of natural and farming conditions. Consequently, it is important to consider bio-physical, ecological, and economic relationships in assessing the mitigative (public) and adaptive (private) potentials and trade-offs of alternative land uses and farm management measures.In this project we implement a data-model-policy fusion concept, which shall guarantee cost-effective mitigation and adaptation of farms and sustainable landscape and biodiversity developments in the context of climate, market, and policy instrument changes. The concept is applied to two case-study landscapes in the Mostviertel region in Austria and contains an integrated spatially explicit modelling framework to simulate the land use changes at field, farm, and landscape level as well as cost-effective farm mitigation and adaptation portfolios. The land use changes are assessed with farm economic, biodiversity, abiotic, and landscape indicators including GIS-modelling and field observations. Biodiversity effects are central in the integrated assessment acknowledging the roles of landscape structure and land use intensity. Geo-referenced land uses and land use attributes are a major interface in the data-model-policy fusion concept. The results will help farmers and regional stakeholders to identify best management practices for climate change mitigation and adaptation i
Das Projekt "COST Action TU0702 Real-time monitoring, surveillance and control of road networks under adverse weather conditions" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften Brüssel. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Hochschule Biberach, Institut für Immobilienökonomie, Infrastrukturplanung und Projektmanagement (IIP).The main objective of the Action is to understand better the impacts of weather on freeways/motorways as well as on urban networks highway operations and to develop, promote and implement strategies and tools to mitigate those impacts. Adverse weather conditions can have a significant impact on traffic operations and quality of traffic flow. The advanced technologies for collecting and archiving weather data can assist the development of intelligent weather-based traffic management strategies, monitoring and control systems. In view of the paramount importance of weather-responsive tools for real-time traffic surveillance, this project will focus on the development of strategies and techniques aimed at improving the road traffic management and safety. The main goal is to mitigate the negative impacts of adverse weather conditions to traffic flows and to predict the traffic flows under adverse weather conditions. The term of 'adverse weather conditions refers to the meteorological conditions that decrease the visibility and worsen the pavement conditions. This project will bring together researchers actively working on road networks related issues. It will concentrate on mutually complementary methodologies for modelling, estimation and control that will improve the safety of traffic networks. Traffic flows are highly dependent on weather conditions and researches on this issue are very limited in the literature. Next, traffic flow prediction by reliable algorithms will be addressed in tight connection with the traffic sensor network. This project will address also many issues related to efficient, reliable and quick exchange of information and data over sensor networks for vehicular traffic. The data are received only at boundaries between some segments and averaged within possibly irregular time intervals. Additionally, there are missing data and sensor failures that need to be taken into account. Further, with the developed models and estimators, advanced control strategies will be developed dealing with appropriate fusion of the multiple sensor data.
Das Projekt "Analysing climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies for sustainable rural land use and landscape developments in Austria (CC-ILA) - Analysing climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies for sustainable rural land use and landscape developments in Austria - Teilprojekt TS" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Institut für Landschaftsentwicklung, Erholungs- und Naturschutzplanung (ILEN).Changes in European agricultural landscapes have gained on intensification in the second half of the last century. Among others, they are driven by global change phenomena such as climate change, demographic change and migration, increasing global bio-energy demands and changing human diets as well as by trade liberalisation, technological progress, and leakage effects of land use policy interventions. Farmers usually respond to such changes by adapting production and land use systems to efficiently utilize and manage their farm resource endowments. However, this process often leads to adverse impacts on the diversity of agricultural landscapes and environmental qualities. EU policies have been formulated as a reaction to singular or sectoral problems (e.g. the Common Agricultural Policy, the Water Framework Directive, the Nitrates Directive, NATURA2000), which are usually differently implemented among member states by using a variety of legislative or incentive based instruments. Consequently, more coordination among policies is required to minimize the trade-offs between different land use policy targets (i.e. land conservation versus boosting biomass production), and between private (adaptive) and societal (mitigative) land use benefits. Mitigation and adaptation are often separately analysed due to the nature of the problem i.e. mitigation is often considered as public good versus adaptation as private or club good. However, it is necessary to consider both in assessing the mutual benefits of cost-effective land uses and farm mitigation and adaptation measures, which mainly depend on spatial heterogeneity of natural and farming conditions. Consequently, it is important to consider bio-physical, ecological, and economic relationships in assessing the mitigative (public) and adaptive (private) potentials and trade-offs of alternative land uses and farm management measures.In this project we implement a data-model-policy fusion concept, which shall guarantee cost-effective mitigation and adaptation of farms and sustainable landscape and biodiversity developments in the context of climate, market, and policy instrument changes. The concept is applied to two case-study landscapes in the Mostviertel region in Austria and contains an integrated spatially explicit modelling framework to simulate the land use changes at field, farm, and landscape level as well as cost-effective farm mitigation and adaptation portfolios. The land use changes are assessed with farm economic, biodiversity, abiotic, and landscape indicators including GIS-modelling and field observations. Biodiversity effects are central in the integrated assessment acknowledging the roles of landscape structure and land use intensity. Geo-referenced land uses and land use attributes are a major interface in the data-model-policy fusion concept. The results will help farmers and regional stakeholders to identify best management practices for climate change mitigation and adaptation i
Das Projekt "Ectomycorrhiza-specific gene expression: Function and regulation" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität Bremen, Zentrum für Umweltforschung und nachhaltige Technologien, Abteilung 2 Angewandte Botanik,Physiologische Pflanzenanatomie.Poplar could succeed in nutrient rich areas as well as in nutrient poor forests soils where plants live in symbiosis with certain soil fungi to enable sufficient nutrition. Due to its huge demand, nitrogen, as major nutrient, is of special interest for poplar nutrition. In this project we want to characterize nitrate, ammonium and amino acid transporters from poplar roots that are differentially regulated as result of nitrogen nutrition (shortage or nitrogen excess), or by plant/fungus interaction. The kinetic parameters of selected transporters will be determined by heterologous expression. Tissue and organ specific expression of certain transporter genes will be investigated by Northern blot and RT-PCR and by the utilization of poplar transformants containing promoter-GFP fusions. GFP fusions with truncated promoters will also be used for the identification of cis-elements responsible for the nitrogen-dependent expression of selected transporter genes. In addition, the global impact of nitrogen nutrition on poplar gene expression will be investigated using macro and micro arrays hybridization and probes of poplar roots grown at different nitrogen sources and concentrations as well as mycorrhizas.
