Das BfG-GNSS-Messnetzes besteht aus über 50 GNSS-Stationen im Bereich der Nord- und Ostsee. Primärer Zweck ist die Georeferenzierung von Pegeln der Wasserstraßen- und Schifffahrtsverwaltung (WSV). Die Rohdaten umfassen die kontinuierlichen Beobachtungsdaten der Satellitensysteme GPS, Glonass, Galileo und Beidou. Der Höhenunterschied 'dH1' zwischen dem jeweiligen Referenzpunkt der GNSS-Antenne und den zugehörigen Pegelfestpunkten (PFP) kann dem Sitelog der Permanentstation entnommen werden. Der Sollhöhenunterschied 'dH2' zwischen den Pegelfestpunkten und dem Pegelnullpunkt (PNP) wird durch das zuständige Wasserstraßen- und Schifffahrtsamt geführt.
Die Geodatensuche Berlin ist die zentrale Anwendung der Geodateninfrastruktur Berlin in der Metadaten zu den Geodaten und Geodiensten des Landes Berlin gesucht, gefunden und verarbeitet werden können. Die Geodatensuche basiert auf der Software GeoNetwork in der Version 3.12.1.
The collocation method was used to compute water vapor fields for the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) region from GNSS zenith total delays (ZTDs) and InSAR double difference slant delays (ddSTDs). Furthermore, mean temperature from ERA data was used for the conversion of GNSS ZTDs into IWV. The input data are hourly GNSS tropospheric parameters from the GURN (GNSS Upper Rhine Graben network) network for 4 different seasons in the period 2016-2018, as well as ddSTDs for 168 InSAR acquisition epochs of the Sentinel 1A+B satellites. In total, our dataset includes 2D fields of integrated water vapor (IWV) and zenith total delays (ZTDs) as well as 3D 'tomographic' products in form of refractivity fields. For 4 specific seasonal periods, also hourly water vapor density fields are provided by exploiting the relations between IWV and water vapor density in the collocation scheme. The tropospheric fields are provided for the horizontal WRF grid of data assimilation subset of this joint data collection, whereas the 3D fields are computed up to 8 km height for 16 equally distributed layers.
Convection-permitting simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting Modeling System (WRF) were carried out in order to provide improved water vapor fields for the Upper Rhine Valley in the border region of Germany, Switzerland and France. Hourly ERA5 reanalysis data served as input for three different simulations with (1) open loop, (2) assimilation of GNSS ZTD, InSAR ZTD and synoptic station data and (3) assimilation of tomography ZTD fields. The three-dimensional variation data assimilation (3D-VAR) configuration with hourly resolution was used. The simulations were performed for four events, one in each season (April 11-22, 2016, July 13-23, 2018, October 16-31, 2018, January 6-21, 2017). Surface pressure, temperature (2m) and integrated water vapor are provided in 2D as well as pressure, temperature and water vapor density for each of the 72 vertical levels (3D).
The provided dataset consists of double differential slant delays and absolute zenith wet delays in the region of the Upper Rhine Graben. Basis is the SLC data from Sentinel 1A+B satellites provided by the Copernicus program. 169 scenes were processed which had been acquired between April 2015 and July 2019, including data of four specific study events (11 – 22 Apr 2016, 13 – 24 Jul 2018, 16 – 31 Oct 2018, 06 – 21 Jan 2017). Interferometric processing was performed using the software SNAP, continued by a Persistent Scatterer Interferometric SAR (PS-InSAR) processing, using the program StaMPS. The first product are double differential slant delays which represent the phase delay in radiant in the satellites line of sight between the master acquisition (17 Mar 2012) and each acquisition-date respectively. Further processing uses ERA5 zenith wet delay (ZWD) and mean temperature to infer absolute zenith wet delays. A mean value is subtracted for each scene, resulting in an absolute value correction. In addition, long wavelength components are corrected by fitting the trend over the scene for each date to a 2D polynomial approximation from the ERA5 data, as those parts cannot reliably be estimated solely from the SAR data. The final product for every scene is the integrated water vapor (IWV) in kg/m² for each acquisition date at the distributed PS-points – on average about 50 points per square kilometer.
The ground-based global navigation satellite system (GNSS) technic was employed to retrieve the integrated water vapor (IWV) at 66 stations of the GNSS Upper Rhine Graben network (GURN). The GNSS IWV dataset is synchronous with the associated InSAR dataset, with 219 days available during the period March 2015 – July 2019. GNSS zenith total delay (ZTD) estimates are calculated every one hour and then converted to IWV with additional meteorological parameters from ERA5. The GNSS IWV of all the stations are saved in daily files in the second version of the Solution (Software/Technique) Independent Exchange (SINEX) format for TROpospheric parameters. GNSS station information is given in the file headers. In addition, the associated meteorological parameters from ERA5 are also provided, such as station pressure and weighted mean temperature.
We created a 3D GNSS surface velocity field to estimate tectonic plate motion and test the effect of a set of 1D and 3D Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) models on tectonic plate motion estimates. The main motivation for creating a bespoke 3D velocity field is to include a larger number of GNSS sites in the GIA-affected areas of investigation, namely North America, Europe, and Antarctica. We created the GNSS surface velocity field using the daily network solutions submitted to the International GNSS Service (IGS) “repro2” data processing campaign, and other similarly processed GNSS solutions. We combined multiple epoch solutions into unique global epoch solutions of high stability. The GNSS solutions we used were processed with the latest available methods and models at the time: all the global and regional solutions adhere to IGS repro2 standards. Every network solution gives standard deviations of site position coordinates and the correlations between the network sites. We deconstrained and combined the global networks and aligned them to the most recent ITRF2014 reference frame on a daily level. Additionally, several regional network solutions were deconstrained and aligned to the unique global solutions. The process was performed using the Tanya reference frame combination software (Davies & Blewitt, 1997; doi:10.1029/2000JB900004) which we updated to facilitate changes in network combination method and ITRF realisation. This resulted in 57% reduction of the WRMS of the alignment post-fit residuals compared to the alignment to the previous ITRF2008 reference frame for an overlapping period. We estimated linear velocities from the time series of GNSS coordinates using the MIDAS trend estimator (Blewitt et al., 2016; doi:10.1002/2015JB012552). The sites selected through multiple steps of quality control constitute a final GNSS surface velocity field which we denote NCL20. This velocity field has horizontal uncertainties mostly within 0.5 mm/yr, and vertical uncertainties mostly within 1 mm/yr, which make it suitable for testing GIA models and estimating plate motion models.
Different observation and modeling techniques were used to derive integrated water vapor (IWV) fields for the Upper Rhine Graben in the border region of Germany, Switzerland, and France. The dataset features 1) point-scale IWV and zenith total delay (ZTD) derived for 66 stations of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) Upper Rhine Graben network (GURN), 2) area-distributed IWV and differential slant path delays from space-borne Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) observations, 3) IWV, ZTD, refractivity (3D), and water vapor density (3D) from tomography, obtained by collocation of GNSS and InSAR products, and 4) IWV, precipitation and water vapor density (3D) simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting Modeling system (WRF) with free run (open-loop) and three-dimensional variational data-assimilation (3D-VAR) configuration. All data products cover 4 seasonal epochs (11 – 22 Apr 2016, 13 – 24 Jul 2018, 16 – 31 Oct 2018, 06 – 21 Jan 2017). GNSS, InSAR, and tomography data are additionally available for the period Jan 2015 – Jun 2019.
GNSS Pegelmonitoring der Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde. Inhalt sind alle relevanten Informationen zur Auswertung von GNSS-Beobachtungen aller GNSS-Stationen entlang der Deutschen Bucht, die einen Pegelbezug aufweisen. Dies beinhaltet neben den BfG eigenen Stationen auch sechs GREF-Stationen des Bundesamt fpr kartografie und Geodäsie (BKG). Neben Informationen zu den GNSS-Systemen werden auch aktuelle Höhendifferenzen zwischen den GNSS-Markern und den Pegelnullpunkten bereitgestellt. Die Stationen der BfG sind mit den Pegelanlagen fest verbunden (GNSS@tide gauge), während der Pegelbezug der sechs GREF Stationen im Rahmen einer Kooperation durch die WSV/BfG realisiert wird. BfG MapService 'KLIWAS_Projekt202', OGC:WMS 1.3.0
GNSS Pegelmonitoring der Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde. Inhalt sind alle relevanten Informationen zur Auswertung von GNSS-Beobachtungen aller GNSS-Stationen entlang der Deutschen Bucht, die einen Pegelbezug aufweisen. Dies beinhaltet neben den BfG eigenen Stationen auch sechs GREF-Stationen des Bundesamt fpr kartografie und Geodäsie (BKG). Neben Informationen zu den GNSS-Systemen werden auch aktuelle Höhendifferenzen zwischen den GNSS-Markern und den Pegelnullpunkten bereitgestellt. Die Stationen der BfG sind mit den Pegelanlagen fest verbunden (GNSS@tide gauge), während der Pegelbezug der sechs GREF Stationen im Rahmen einer Kooperation durch die WSV/BfG realisiert wird.
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