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Rohdaten der Hubschrauber-Radiometrie (HRD) Gebiet 191 Finsterwalde

Die BGR führte eine flächenhafte Befliegung bei Finsterwalde (Brandenburg) im Rahmen des BGR-Projektes D-AERO-Finsterwalde durch. Es handelte sich hierbei um eine Pilotstudie zur Erkundung der "Finsterwalder Restlochkette" mit dem Aerogeophysik-Standardmesssystem der BGR. Das ehemalige Braunkohlebergbaugebiet liegt zwischen Finsterwalde und Lauchhammer in der Niederlausitz, etwa 50 km südwestlich von Cottbus. Die Gebietsgröße beträgt etwa 260 km². 10 Messflüge mit einer Gesamtprofillänge von 1741 km (40.153 Messpunkte) wurden zur Abdeckung des gesamten Messgebiets benötigt. Der Sollabstand der 117 NW-SO-Messprofile war 250 m, der Sollabstand der 59 NO-SW-Kontrollprofile variierte und lag bei 625 m. Die ASCII-Datendatei beinhaltet die Rohdaten sowie die prozessierten HRD-Daten.

Bottom water data of sediment incubation experiments under anoxic conditions

Enhanced mineral dissolution in the benthic environment is currently discussed as a potential technique for ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. This study explores how biogeochemical processes affect the dissolution of alkaline minerals in surface sediments during laboratory incubation experiments. These involved introducing dunite and calcite to organic-rich sediments from the Baltic Sea under controlled conditions in an anoxic to hypoxic environment. The sediment cores were incubated with Baltic Sea bottom water. Eight sediment cores were positioned vertically in a rack. Since the sediment surface was slightly oxidized by the bottom water (∼125 μmol l−1 upon recovery), the cores were left plugged on the top for 13 days to settle after recovery until the sediment surface was anoxic. To achieve chemical conditions that are expected in the natural system, 500l of retrieved sea water were degassed via bubbling with pure dinitrogen gas in batches of 100 l. Afterwards, between 50 and 60 l were transferred into an evacuated gas tight bag. After the transfer, pH and total alkalinity (TA) were measured to determine the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the water. Afterwards the DIC was increased via adding pure CO2 until a CO2 partial pressure (pCO2 ) of ∼2,300–∼3,300 μatm was established mimicking conditions prevailing in Boknis Eck during summer. Stirring heads were installed on the cores. To prevent the development of oxic conditions, it was ensured that as little gas phase as possible was left in the cores. Elimination of pelagic autotrophs, heterotrophs, and suspended particles was achieved by flushing the cores with modified bottom water for 2 days with a flow rate of 1.5 mml min−1. Afterwards, a continuous throughflow of 700 μl min−1 from the reservoir of modified bottom water was applied, leading to a residence time of ∼2.1 days inside the cores. For the experimental incubations, six cores received additions of alkaline materials, three with calcite (Cal1 - Cal3) and three cores with dunite (Dun1 - Dun3), leading to three replicates per treatment. Two control cores remained untreated (C1, C2). The amount of added substrate was based on the rain rate of particulate organic carbon observed in Boknis Eck (0.5 mmol cm−2 a−). The incubation lasted for 25 days. The volume of water in each core was determined at the end of the experiment via measuring the height of the water column after removing the stirring heads. Bottom water samples were taken from the outflow of each core over a time period of several hours. Thus, samples represent the average outflow over the respective time period. Sampling intervals increased from daily during the first two weeks to every three to four days and weekly towards the end of the experiment. All samples were filtered through a 0.2 µm cellulose membrane filter and refrigerated in 25 ml ZinsserTM scintillation vials. Samples for TA were analyzed directly after sampling by titration of 1 ml of bottom water with 0.02N HCl. Titration was ended when a stable purple color appeared. During titration, the sample was degassed by continuous bubbling with nitrogen to remove any generated CO2 and H2S. The acid was standardized using an IAPSO seawater standard. Acidified sub-samples (30 μl suprapure HNO3- + 3 ml sample) were prepared for analyses of major and trace elements (Si, Na, K, Li, B, Mg, Ca, Sr, Mn, Ni and Fe) by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES, Varian 720-ES).

Element concentrations from two benthic chambers and the ambient bottom water during an in-situ incubation experiment in July 2025

The dataset contains major and trace element concentrations measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) from water samples collected during a 16-day in-situ incubation experiment in the Baltic Sea (2025-07-12 to 2025-07-29). Samples were collected using an automated glass-syringe sampler deployed within two benthic chambers of a Biogeochemical Observatory (BIGO, Sommer et al., 2009) at 54° 34.432' N, 10° 10.776' E, at 22 m water depth. In one chamber, 29 g of fine calcite powder were added to the bottom water to assess the potential of enhanced benthic calcite weathering as an ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) strategy. Seven samples per chamber and from the ambient bottom water were analyzed to trace elemental changes associated with calcite dissolution.

Geochemistry of pore waters from Fehmarn Belt area, southern Baltic Sea during cruise EMB238

The geochemical composition of surface sediments and pore waters from the Fehmarn Belt area, southern Baltic Sea, was analyzed in the context of the establishment of exclusion areas for bottom trawling activity. Samples were taken on cruise EMB238 in May/June 2020 using a multi corer or benthic lander device. Besides on-site measurements, further dissolved major and trace elements, dissolved inorganic carbon, nutrients were analyzed in home laboratory. Results are complemented by the analysis of potential microbial gross sulfate reduction rates and the geochemical composition of CNS and extractable sulfur (AVS, CrS(II), and acid-extractable Fe, Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn contents.

Ahr river overbank sediments: XRF elemental composition data set (Mayschoß-Transect, core Ahr2022-1_1, Ahr2022-1_2, Ahr2022-2_1, Ahr2022-2_2)

The elemental composition of samples from four sediment cores from the Mayschoß floodplain (Ahr river) was determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). In the first step of preparation, large organic matter and pebbles were removed from freeze-dried samples (8 g) by sieving (2 mm). Subsequently, the samples were powdered and homogenised with vibratory Retsch mill MM 200. The uniform pills for the analysis were pressed with a carbon-based binding agent by Vaneox press at 20 t for 2 min. The elemental analysis of 50 elements was conducted in a He atmosphere using a Spectro Xepos energy dispersive XRF spectrometer. The surface elevation was extracted from Brell et al. (2023).

Elementkarte der Digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte von Bayern 1:25.000 (dLGK25) - Gallium (P90)

Die Elementkarte stellt die räumliche Verteilung der klassifizierten Gehalte des 90. Perzentils von Gallium (in mg/kg) innerhalb der 184 geochemischen Gesteinseinheiten in Bayern dar. In die Auswertung gehen dabei nur die Daten der ersten (von maximal drei) Lithologien einer geochemischen Gesteinseinheit ein. Für Informationen im Hinblick auf die Auswertung der Daten sowie auf die kartenmäßige Darstellung wird auf die Metadaten der digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte 1:25 000 von Bayern (dLGK25) verwiesen.

Elementkarte der Digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte von Bayern 1:25.000 (dLGK25) - Gallium (P50)

Die Elementkarte stellt die räumliche Verteilung der klassifizierten Gehalte des 50. Perzentils von Gallium (in mg/kg) innerhalb der 184 geochemischen Gesteinseinheiten in Bayern dar. In die Auswertung gehen dabei nur die Daten der ersten (von maximal drei) Lithologien einer geochemischen Gesteinseinheit ein. Für Informationen im Hinblick auf die Auswertung der Daten sowie auf die kartenmäßige Darstellung wird auf die Metadaten der digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte 1:25 000 von Bayern (dLGK25) verwiesen.

Elementkarte der Digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte von Bayern 1:25.000 (dLGK25) - Kaliumoxid (P50)

Die Elementkarte stellt die räumliche Verteilung der klassifizierten Gehalte des 50. Perzentils von Kaliumoxid (in Gew.-%) innerhalb der 184 geochemischen Gesteinseinheiten in Bayern dar. In die Auswertung gehen dabei nur die Daten der ersten (von maximal drei) Lithologien einer geochemischen Gesteinseinheit ein. Für Informationen im Hinblick auf die Auswertung der Daten sowie auf die kartenmäßige Darstellung wird auf die Metadaten der digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte 1:25 000 von Bayern (dLGK25) verwiesen.

Elementkarte der Digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte von Bayern 1:25.000 (dLGK25) - Kaliumoxid (P90)

Die Elementkarte stellt die räumliche Verteilung der klassifizierten Gehalte des 90. Perzentils von Kaliumoxid (in Gew.-%) innerhalb der 184 geochemischen Gesteinseinheiten in Bayern dar. In die Auswertung gehen dabei nur die Daten der ersten (von maximal drei) Lithologien einer geochemischen Gesteinseinheit ein. Für Informationen im Hinblick auf die Auswertung der Daten sowie auf die kartenmäßige Darstellung wird auf die Metadaten der digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte 1:25 000 von Bayern (dLGK25) verwiesen.

Results of palynological analysis from 2020 of the varved MO-05 core from Lake Mondsee (Austria) section (249-526 cm)

This study reports a precisely dated pollen record with a 20-year resolution from the varved sediments of Lake Mondsee in the north-eastern European Alps (47°49′N, 13°24′E, 481 m above sea level). The analysed part of core spans the interval between 1500 BCE and 500 CE and allows changes in vegetation composition in relation to climatic changes and human activities in the catchment to be inferred. Intervals of distinct but modest human impact are identified at ca. 1450-1220, 740-490 and 340-190 BCE and from 80 BCE to 180 CE. While the first two intervals are synchronous with prominent salt mining phases during the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age at the nearby UNESCO World Heritage Site of Hallstatt, the last two intervals fall within the Late Iron Age and Roman Imperial Era, respectively. Comparison with published records of extreme runoff events obtained from the same sediment core shows that human activities (including agriculture and logging) around Lake Mondsee were low during intervals of high flood frequency as indicated by a higher number of intercalated detrital event layers, but intensified during hydrologically stable intervals. Comparison of the pollen percentages of arboreal taxa with the stable oxygen isotope and potassium ion records of the NGRIP and GISP2 ice cores from Greenland reveals significant positive correlations for Fagus and negative correlations for Betula and Alnus. This underlines the sensitivity of vegetation around Lake Mondsee to temperature fluctuations in the North Atlantic as well as to moisture fluctuations controlled by changes in the intensity of the Siberian High and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) regime.

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