Das Projekt "Solar Steam Reforming of Methane Rich Gas for Synthesis Gas Production (SOLREF)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Technische Thermodynamik, Abteilung Systemanalyse und Technikbewertung durchgeführt. Project main goals: The main purpose of this project is to develop an innovative 400 kWth solar reformer for several applications such as Hydrogen production or electricity generation. Depending of the feed source for the reforming process CO2 emissions can be reduced significantly (up to 40 percent using NG), because the needed process heat for this highly endothermic reaction is provided by concentrated solar energy. A pre-design of a 1 MW prototype plant in Southern Italy and a conceptual layout of a commercial 50 MWth reforming plant complete this project. Key issues: The profitability decides if a new technology has a chance to come into the market. Therefore several modifications and improvements to the state-of-the-art solar reformer technology will be introduced before large scale and commercial system can be developed. These changes are primarily to the catalytic system, the reactor optimisation and operation procedures and the associated optics for concentrating the solar radiation. For the dissemination of solar reforming technology the regions targeted are in Southern Europe and Northern Africa. The potential markets and the impact of infrastructure and administrative restrictions will be assessed. The environmental, socio-economic and institutional impacts of solar reforming technology exploitation will be assessed with respect to sustainable development. The market potential of solar reforming technology in a liberalised European energy market will be evaluated. Detailed cost estimates for a 50 MWth commercial plant will be determined.
Das Projekt "Phase 1: Earth and Space Based Power Generation Systems" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Technische Thermodynamik, Abteilung Systemanalyse und Technikbewertung durchgeführt. This study has to be understood in the frame of the global Energy Policy. A great part of world energy production is currently based on non-renewable sources: oil, gas and coal. Global warming and restricted fossil energy sources force a strong demand for another climate compatible energy supply. Therefore, fossil energy sources will nearly disappear until the end of this century. The question is to find a viable replacement. By using viable' it is meant a low-cost and environmental friendly energy. In other words, the question is to find an alternative to nuclear energy among all proposed but still not mature renewable energies. One of the solutions proposed is solar energy. Yet, two major concerns slow down its development as an alternative: first, it lacks of technological maturity and secondly it suffers from alternating supply during days and nights, winters and summers. The idea proposed by Glaser in the sixties to bypass this inconvenient is to take the energy at the source (or at least, as near as possible): in other words, to put a solar station on orbit that captures the energy without problems of climatic conditions and to redirect it through a beam to the ground. That is the concept of Solar Power Satellites. Its principal feasibility was shown by DOE / NASA in 1970 years studies (5 GW SPS in GEO). Project objectives: This phase 1 study activity is to be seen as the initial step of a series of investigations on the viability of power generation in space facing towards an European strategy on renewable, CO2 free energy generation, including a technology development roadmap pacing the way to establish in a step-wise approach on energy generation capabilities in space. The entire activity has to be embedded in an international network of competent, experienced partners. As part of this, an interrelationship to and incorporation of activities targeting the aims of the EU 6th FP ESSPERANS should be maintained. In particular, the activities related to following objectives are described: The generation of scientifically sound and objective results on terrestrial CO2 emission free power generation solutions in comparison with state-of-the-art space based solar power solutions The detailed comparison and trades between the terrestrial and the space based solutions in terms of cost, reliability and risk The identification of possible synergies between ground and space based power generation solutions The assessment on terrestrial energy storage needs by combining ground based with space based energy generation solutions The investigation of the viability of concepts in terms of energy balance of the complete systems and payback times.
Das Projekt "Teilprojekt: Stadtplanung und -politik für den Wiederaufbau in Polen und der DDR 1939-1960" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Leibniz-Institut für Raumbezogene Sozialforschung e.V. durchgeführt. Städte, die vom Zweiten Weltkrieg betroffen waren, mussten angesichts der drohenden oder realen Bombenkatastrophe ihr städtisches Selbstverständnis neu bestimmen und eine Revision ihres Baubestandes vornehmen. In den Jahren 1939 bis 1949 zeichneten Stadtverwaltungen, Fachbehörden, Vereine, Firmen und Privatpersonen Karten, die materielle und ideelle Bewertungen der Bauten vornahmen. Karten informierten über Änderungen an der Einwohnerstruktur, über technische Infrastrukturen, Abbruch- und Stabilisierungsbedarf oder über Trümmerverschiebung und Baustoffgewinnung. Der hier beantragte Forschungsverbund aus Universität Bamberg (Teilprojekt KAR-Bestand mit den Forschungsteilen KAR-Bestand-Diversity, KAR-Bestand-Plattform, KAR-Bestand-Erbe und KAR-Bestand-Materialität), GESIS (Teilprojekt KAR-Sozialkartographie), IRS (Teilprojekt KAR-Planung) und Herder-Institut (Teilprojekt KAR-Diskurs) erforscht Funktionen dieser Quellen in Transformationsprozessen für ausgewählte Städte in Mittel- und Ostmitteleuropa. Vertreter*innen der 'Kleinen Fächer' Denkmalpflege, Historische Kartographie, Planungsgeschichte, Digital Humanities, Historische Bauforschung, Osteuropaforschung und Wissenschaftsgeschichte erschließen und analysieren die Quellen im Hinblick auf ihr visuelles Programm, ihre argumentativen Funktionen in der Stadtpolitik und ihre konkrete Rolle für die Stadtplanung. Das Teilprojekt 'Stadtplanung und -politik für den Wiederaufbau in Polen und der DDR 1939-1960' (KAR-Planung) untersucht vergleichend für 8 Städte unterschiedlichen Typs wie anhand der zeitgenössischen Dokumentation von Kriegsschäden (u.a. Schadenskarten) der Wiederaufbau im und nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg vorbereitet, geplant und diskursiv verhandelt wurde. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Fragen nach dem Entstehungskontext, den Urheber*innen und der Wirkung dieser Karten auf die Stadtplanung vor und nach 1945.
Das Projekt "Optimised Radar to Find Every buried Utility in the street (ORFEUS)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Tracto-Technik GmbH & Co. KG durchgeführt. This project addresses the requirement for advanced technologies for locating, maintaining and rehabilitating buried infrastructures (area II.3.3). Specifically it fulfils the requirement for locating buried assets. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is the only known non-invasive technique that can detect metallic and non-metallic buried objects, but conventional pulse time-domain technology has reached the limit of its development potential. This project will use innovative techniques to provide a clear advance in the state of the art. The project has three major objectives: - To provide a step change in the depth penetration and spatial resolution of GPR used for surveys carried out from the ground surface. This will be achieved by increasing the frequency and dynamic range of the radar by researching and developing Stepped Frequency Continuous Wave techniques and ultra wide-band antennas whose performance is independent of ground characteristics. - To prototype an innovative GPR-based real-time obstacle detection system for steerable bore- heads of Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) pipe and cable laying systems so that they can operate more safely below ground. This will require new antenna designs to be developed to provide a look-ahead capability and robust systems to be designed to protect against the hostile mechanical environment. - To increase knowledge of the electrical behaviour of the ground, by means of in-situ measurements to enhance understanding of the sub-soil electrical environment, and to provide information for scientifically based antenna design. The project will lead to practical solutions that can be implemented cost-effectively to provide a capability to locate buried infrastructure with accuracy and reliability. This will reduce the need for excavations in the highway, thus minimising direct and indirect costs, reducing the incidence of pollution and enhancing safety. Prime Contractor: Osys Technology Ltd., Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Das Projekt "Sub project: Luminescence- and Alpha-Recoil-Track-Dating of Lake Malawi Sediments" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Heidelberg, Geographisches Institut Heidelberg durchgeführt. Lake Malawi is supposed to hold a tropical sedimentary archive of outstanding quality and duration (größer als 2 Ma) storing unique information on the climatic and landscape history of the East-African rift area. However, a necessary requirement for the intended analysis of the paleo-environmental archive within ICDP/KTB-activities will be the establishment of a wellresolved chronology. Therefore the availability of reliable dating techniques, which each produce accurate data and which together cover the total time period in question, will be essential. This is why a pilot study is launched in order to test the applicability of two independent physical dating methods for Lake Malawi sediments. (1) Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques aim to determine the time, when a mineral grain was last exposed to daylight during its last sedimentary cycle of erosion, transport and deposition. (2) The alpha-recoil-track (ART) technique determines the time when a mineral grain was formed and thus possesses a high potential as a tephra-chronological dating tool. The expected mineralogical and sedimentological properties, the small amount of material available and a complicated dose rate situation of the limnic sediments will require the adaptation and further development of the already available dating technologies.
Das Projekt "Improving and Applying Methods for the Calculation of Natural and Biogenic Emissions and Assessment of Impacts on Air Quality (NATAIR)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Rationelle Energieanwendung durchgeführt. This project aims to improve methods for the calculation of natural and biogenic emissions from various sources and the assessment of impacts on air quality policy implementation. Air pollutants from natural und biogenic sources contribute to ambient air concentrations in the same way as anthropogenic emissions, however, the uncertainty of the estimation of these natural and biogenic emissions is much higher than for anthropogenic emissions. At the same time, with anthropogenic emissions currently decreasing due to emission control activities in many sectors, the relative importance of other sources increases. Thus, it is essential to develop new and improve existing methods for the quantification of emissions from natural and biogenic sources and to use new and improved input data. The project takes into account the latest research results on air pollutant emissions and their impacts, covering all relevant substances (NOx, SOx, NH3, PM, NMVOC; CH4, CO, DMS) from natural and biogenic sources in Europe, e.g. the results from the 'Nature Panel' within the UNECE Task Force Emission Inventories and Projection, and includes anthropogenic emissions officially reported to EMEP by countries. Furthermore, the National Reports for the NEC directive for SOx, NOx, NH3 and NMVOC will be taken into account, as well as the results of EU research projects such as NOFRETETE or the results from the EUROTRAC Subproject GENEMIS. Satellite data will be used e.g. for the improvement of calculations from forests in general as well as forest fires in particular. In order to assess the impacts of emissions from natural and biogenic sources on air quality policy implementation, the project is designed to advance the current state-of-the-art in methodology for the calculation of natural and biogenic emissions. This includes the analysis of temporal and spatial variabilitys and the assessment of uncertainties and sensitivities. In addition, the influence of the improved natural and biogenic emissions on the concentration of pollutants calculated with atmospheric models will be analysed using the model CHIMERE. Finally, policy strategies that are currently under discussion within the EC CAFÉ programme and in the frame of the UNECE CLRTAP to reduce anthropogenic emissions will be analysed in the view of these new results.
Das Projekt "Barley dwarfs acting big in agronomy. Identification of genes and characterization of proteins involved in dwarfism, lodging resistance and crop yield" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft durchgeführt. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is an important cereal grain which serves as major animal fodder crop as well as basis for malt beverages or staple food. Currently barley is ranked fourth in terms of quantity of cereal crops produced worldwide. In times of a constantly growing world population in conjunction with an unforeseeable climate change and groundwater depletion, the accumulation of knowledge concerning cereal growth and rate of yield gain is important. The Nordic Genetic Resource Center holds a major collection of barley mutants produced by irradiation or chemical treatment. One phenotypic group of barley varieties are dwarf mutants (erectoides, brachytic, semidwarf, uzu). They are characterized by a compact spike and high rate of yield while the straw is short and stiff, enhancing the lodging resistance of the plant. Obviously they are of applied interest, but they are also of scientific interest as virtually nothing is known about the genes behind the development of plant dwarfism. The aim of this project is to identify and isolate the genes carrying the mutations by using state of the art techniques for gene cloning at the Carlsberg Laboratory. The identified genes will be connected with the mutant phenotype to reveal the gene function in general. One or two genes will be overexpressed and the resulting recombinant proteins will be biochemically and structurally characterized. The insights how the mutation effects the protein will display the protein function in particular. Identified genes and their mutant alleles will be tested in the barley breeding program of the Carlsberg brewery.
Das Projekt "Enhanced plant productivity through control of lifespan (CROPLIFE)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Kiel, Zentrale Verwaltung, Referat Forschung durchgeführt. The world-wide demand for primary plant products to be used for food, feed and fuel is increasing dramatically. The foreseen climate changes are expected to have a negative impact on plant productivity in addition. Future agriculture urgently needs new crop plant varieties with enhanced and sustainable productivity. To meet this challenge, CropLife focuses on leaf lifespan as a major determinant of plant productivity and aims to develop new breeding strategies for prolonging leaf photosynthesis and delaying senescence processes. The network focuses on barley and perennial ryegrass, which are excellent models for research and crop development in Europe. The CropLife primary objectives will be addressed in the four work packages. These are: the identification of key factors initiating senescence (1), and proteins regulating leaf lifespan (2), the elucidation of molecular mechanisms of senescence-associated protein degradation and nitrogen remobilization (3), and the analysis of lifespan and exploitation of genetic variation in lifespan in order to breed new varieties with increased productivity (4). CropLife provides cross-sector experience by integrating partners from the public and private sectors. The training programme includes state-of the-art local training activities and network-wide courses, summer schools and workshops. Young researchers will be trained in a range of cutting edge research skills, as well as in complementary skills that will enhance their career prospects. Further benefits will arise from secondments in partner laboratories and cross-sector visits to associated partners from the private sector. To guarantee training at the most advanced level, outstanding scientists in the field will be integrated as visiting researchers. Workshops and a final network conference will provide a platform for dissemination of the network s achievements which are expected to increase the competitiveness of European plant research and agriculture.
Das Projekt "IN-EAST School of Advanced Studies on Innovation in East Asia" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Duisburg-Essen, Institut für Ostasienwissenschaften IN-EAST durchgeführt. In der zweiten Förderphase wird die IN-EAST School of Advanced Studies (IN-EAST School) den Themenkomplex 'Innovation' vertiefend interdisziplinär aufarbeiten, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf den Subthemen 'urbane Systeme' und 'alternative Antriebssysteme (Elektromobilität)' in der Region Ostasien liegt. Dabei soll insbesondere die transnationale Dimension von Innovation aufgearbeitet und der zunehmenden Bedeutung grenzübergreifender Innovationsprozesse Rechnung getragen werden. Gleichzeitig werden die Verbindung von Regionalstudien und systematischen Disziplinen gestärkt und Wege zur gegenseitigen Befruchtung aufgezeigt. An der IN-EAST School arbeiten regional-orientierte Wissenschaftler mit einem Hintergrund in den Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften, Soziologie, Politik- und Wirtschaftswissenschaft sowie den Ingenieurwissenschaften zusammen. Die wissenschaftlichen wie strukturgestaltenden Arbeiten sollen durch einen intensiven Austausch mit renommierten internationalen Akteuren (Fellowship-Programme u.a.) in einen kontinuierlichen Dialog mit global führenden Programmen eingebunden und somit auch selber international sichtbar gemacht werden.
Das Projekt "Energy-Aware Sustainable Computing on Future\nTechnology - Paving the Road to Exascale Computing (EXA2GREEN)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Heidelberg, Zentrale Universitätsverwaltung, Dezernat für Forschung und Projektmanagement durchgeführt. The EXA2GREEN project aims at developing a radically new energy aware computing paradigm and programming methodology for exascale computing. The key aspect of the proposed approach is that the issue of energy consumption and the resulting trade-off with the performance and the accuracy of the overall simulation process will be taken into account in all simulation levels: from the kernel, numerical/combinatorial building blocks to the application level by means of the considered mathematical models. The proposed approach of Energy-Aware Numerics goes beyond the standard hardware level or operating software stack usually considered for energy issues and puts the application in the centre of the scene for all aspects related to energy efficiency. The EXA2GREEN project takes up this multidisciplinary challenge by bringing together HPC experts, computer scientists, mathematicians, physicists and engineers. The project team is part of an emerging, multidisciplinary European research community and covers all essential fields of expertise, which allow opening absolutely new perspectives in the area of energy-aware numerics in the exascale era. The overall goal of this project is to develop unconventional ideas in order to cope with the issue of power consumption. Reducing the power requirement by a factor of at least 100 is the challenge which needs to be addressed in order to be able to use this technology in a meaningful way. This is one of the reason why making the transition to exascale computing requests radical transformation in the current perception of numerical simulation in high performance computing. The viability of the proposed approach will be investigated considering a proof of concept where the energy footprint of a large and operational meteorological model for atmospheric and aerosol simulation (COSMO-ART) will be analysed.
| Origin | Count |
|---|---|
| Bund | 163 |
| Type | Count |
|---|---|
| Förderprogramm | 163 |
| License | Count |
|---|---|
| open | 163 |
| Language | Count |
|---|---|
| Deutsch | 163 |
| Englisch | 120 |
| Resource type | Count |
|---|---|
| Keine | 104 |
| Webseite | 59 |
| Topic | Count |
|---|---|
| Boden | 133 |
| Lebewesen & Lebensräume | 138 |
| Luft | 116 |
| Mensch & Umwelt | 163 |
| Wasser | 116 |
| Weitere | 163 |