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Metodologija obespetschenija bezopasnosti chvostochranilischtsch

The Tailings Management Facility Safety Methodology (hereinafter TMF Safety Methodology) is mainly based on the requirements and principles declared in "Safety guidelines and good practices for tailings management facilities" endorsed by the Conference of the Parties to the UNECE Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents as well as other comparable international TMF standards. The TMF Safety Methodology is a powerful tool for the process of harmonizing technical standards for the entire life cycle of TMFs throughout the UNECE region. The Tailings Management Facility Safety Methodology, which consists of a Checklist for verifying the actual safety situation of tailings management facilities and the Tailings Management Facility Hazard and Risk Indexes (THI or TRI) for assessment of TMFs on regional, national and international basis. Based on a strategy of the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) the TMF Safety Methodology was developed since 2013 within the following projects - "Improving the safety of industrial tailings management facilities based on the example of Ukrainian facilities" (2013-2015), Report No. (UBA-FB) 002317/ENG, ANH2 - "Raising Knowledge among Students and Teachers on Tailings Safety and its Legislative Review in Ukraine" (2016-2017) on the results of trainings conducted at National Mining University (Dnipro, Ukraine). Report No. (UBA-FB) 002638/E. - "Assistance in safety improvement of tailings management facilities (TMF) in Armenia and Georgia" (Project No. 83392), according a follow up activity at TMFs in Armenia and Georgia the Methodology has been improved in 2018-2019. - "Capacity development to improve safety conditions of tailings management facilities in the Danube River Basin â€Ì Phase I: North-Eastern Danube countries " (Project No. 118221) 2019- 2020. - Improving the safety of tailings management facilities in Kyrgyzstan (Project No. 154973) 2021-2022. Quelle: Forschungsbericht

Development of an analytical method to quantify pharmaceuticals in fish tissues by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection and application to environmental samples

Boulard, Lise; Parrhysius, Pia; Jacobs, Björn; Dierkes, Georg; Wick, Arne; Buchmeier, Georgia; Koschorreck, Jan; Ternes, Thomas A. Journal of Chromatography A 10633 (2020), 461612; online 12. Oktober 2020 A sensitive multiresidue method was developed to quantify 35 pharmaceuticals and 28 metabolites/transformation products (TPs) in fish liver, fish fillet and fish plasma via LC-MS/MS. The method was designed to cover a broad range of substance polarities. This objective was realized by using non-discriminating sample clean-ups including separation technique based on size exclusion, namely restricted access media (RAM) chromatography. This universal clean-up allows for an easy integration of further organic micropollutants into the analytical method. Limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.05 to 5.5 ng/mL in fish plasma, from 0.1 to 19 ng/g d.w. (dry weight) in fish fillet and from 0.46 to 48 ng/g d.w. in fish liver. The method was applied for the analysis of fillets and livers of breams from the rivers Rhine and Saar, the Teltow Canal as well as carps kept in fish monitoring ponds fed by effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants. This allowed for the first detection of 17 analytes including 10 metabolites/TPs such as gabapentin lactam and norlidocaine in fish tissues. These results highlight the importance of including metabolites and transformation products of pharmaceuticals in fish monitoring campaigns and further investigating their potential effects. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461612

Biota monitoring under the Water Framework Directive: On tissue choice and fish species selection

Fliedner, Annette; Rüdel, Heinz; Lohmann, Nina; Buchmeier, Georgia; Koschorreck, Jan Environmental Pollution 235 (2018), 129-140; online 23. Dezember 2017 The study addresses the topic of suitable matrices for chemical analysis in fish monitoring and discusses the effects of data normalization in the context of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). Differences between species are considered by comparing three frequently monitored species of different trophic levels, i.e., chub (Squalius cephalus, n = 28), (bream, Abramis brama, n = 11), and perch (Perca fluviatilis, n = 19) sampled in the German Danube. The WFD priority substances dioxins, furans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCDD/F + dl-PCB), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), α-hexabromocyclododecane (α-HBCDD), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), mercury (Hg), and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) as well as non-dioxin-like (ndl)-PCB were analyzed separately in fillet and carcass and whole body concentrations were calculated. Hg was analyzed in individual fish fillets and carcasses, all other substances were determined in pool samples, which were compiled on the basis of fish size (3 chub pools, 1 bream pool, 2 perch pools). The data were normalized to 5% lipid weight (or 26% dry mass in the case of Hg and PFOS) for comparison between matrices and species. Hg concentrations were generally higher in fillet than in whole fish (mean whole fish-to-fillet ratio: 0.7) whereas all other substances were mostly higher in whole fish. In the case of lipophilic substances these differences leveled after lipid normalization. Significant correlations (p ≤ .05) were detected between Hg and fish weight and age. Hg concentrations varied least among younger fish. PCDD/F, dl-PCB, ndl-PCB, PBDE, α-HBCDD and HCB correlated significantly (p ≤ .05) with lipid concentrations. Fillet-to-whole fish conversion equations and/or conversion factors were derived for all substances except α-HCBDD. Although more data also for individual fish would be desirable the results are nevertheless a step on the way to translate fillet concentrations of priority substances to whole fish concentrations. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.052

Implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions

The study analyses the country background, emissions trends, ongoing activities and barriers relating to the implementation of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of Georgia under the ⁠UNFCCC⁠. A special emphasis is laid on further mitigation potentials in the fields of transport, energy efficiency opportunities across high-emitting industry sub-sectors and waste management.

Biota monitoring and the Water Framework Directive - can normalization overcome shortcomings in sampling strategies?

Fliedner, Annette; Rüdel, Heinz; Teubner, Diana; Buchmeier, Georgia; Lowis, Jaqueline; Heiss, Christiane; Wellmitz, Jörg; Koschorreck, Jan Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. (2016), online 18. August 2016 We compare the results of different monitoring programs regarding spatial and temporal trends of priority hazardous substances of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). Fish monitoring data for hexachlorobenzene (HCB), mercury (Hg), and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) sampled in German freshwaters between the mid-1990s and 2014 were evaluated according to the recommendations of the 2014 adopted WFD guidance document on biota monitoring, i.e., normalization to 5 % lipid content (HCB) or 26 % dry mass (Hg, PFOS) and adjustment to trophic level (TL) 4. Data of the German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) (annual pooled samples of bream) were compared to monitoring data of the German federal states (FS), which refer to individual fish of different species. Significant decreasing trends (p < 0.01) were detected for Hg in bream (Abramis brama) sampled by both, the ESB and the FS between 1993 and 2013 but not for FS samples comprising different fish species. Data for HCB and PFOS were more heterogeneous due to a smaller database and gave no consistent results. Obviously, normalization could not compensate differences in sampling strategies. The results suggest that the data treatment procedure proposed in the guidance document has shortcomings and emphasize the importance of highly standardized sampling programs in trend monitoring or whenever results between sites have to be compared. doi:10.1007/s11356-016-7442-2

Elevation map of Europe (1km grid)

The map is made using the global digital elevation model (DEM) derived from GTOPO30. Note that the values in the file are not the original elevation data. The data has been processed to create an image for presentation purposes streching a predefined colour template over the derived values.

Elevation map of Europe based on GTOPO30

The data is made using the global digital elevation model (DEM) derived from GTOPO30. Note that the values in the file are not the original elevation data. The data has been processed to create an image for presentation purposes streching a predefined colour template over the derived values. GTOPO30 is a digital elevation model for the world, developed by United States Geological Survey (USGS). It has a 30-arc second resolution (approximately 1 km)

Elevation map of Europe (1km hillshade)

The map is made using the global digital elevation model (DEM) derived from GTOPO30. Note that the values in the file are not the original elevation data. The data has been processed to create an image for presentation purposes streching a predefined colour template over the derived values.

EMEP grids reprojected by EEA (150km)

EEA has reprojected the grid used by EMEP for analyses on air emissions (150*150 km2 and 50*50 km2 grids covering Europe)

EMEP grids reprojected by EEA (50km)

EEA has reprojected the grid used by EMEP for analyses on air emissions (150*150 km2 and 50*50 km2 grids covering Europe)

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