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The Upper Cretaceous Salitre intrusion, subdivided into Salitre I and Salitre II and dated to ~86-82 Ma by Sonoki and Garda (1988), is part of the Alto Paranaíba Igneous Province (APIP, Fig. 1) in Brazil, which is one of the largest ultrapotassic / carbonatitic / kimberlitic provinces in the world. The intrusion is characterized by the presence of lamproites, carbonatites and one lamprophyre (analyzed here), as well as along with a variety of intrusive cumulitic rocks. Among the Salitre studied samples, this alkaline lamprophyre is characterized by low SiO2 (35.6 wt%), ultrapotassic (K2O/Na2O = 5; K2O = 4.4 wt%) and peralkaline (PI = 1.3). It exhibits variable MgO content (14 wt%) and is enriched in REEs (∑REE=~1,300 ppm) and other trace elements (Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, Sr, Ba). This lamprophyre is characterized by olivine and phlogopite phenocrysts set in a fine-grained groundmass of clinopyroxene, apatite, phlogopite, magnetite, chromite, and perovskite, with rare titanite and garnet; kalsilite is absent. Analyzing the trace elements of the main minerals in this lamprophyre helped us learn more about the origin and evolution of these magmas, as well as their possible genetic link with the other Salitre rocks. This analysis also provided important information about their enrichment in rare earth elements (REEs) and high field strength elements (HFSEs). This publication results from work conducted under the transnational access/national open access action at Mass spectrometry la-icp laboratory (IGG-CNR, Italy) supported by WP3 ILGE - MEET project, PNRR - EU Next Generation Europe program, MUR grant number D53C22001400005.
The data were generated in two labotories of the Dalhousie University in Halifax during a series of experiments to determine the solubility of chromite in komatiite mixed with different crustal contaminants. The experiments were designed to determine the solubility of the mineral chromite in silicate melt, with the dominant variable being the silica and iron content of the melt. After equilibrating chromite with melt at 1192-1430 degrees Celcius, samples were quenched and the composition of the chromite, quenched melt (now glass), and olivine run-products were measured for major and minor elements by electron microprobe, and the chromium concentration in the glass was measured by laser ablation ICP-MS. Analytical procedures are included in the associated data description file. The data are provided in a series of Excel worksheets containing five data tables. Table 1 is a summary of the composition of the starting materials used in experiments. Table 2 is a summary of the conditions of temperature, oxygen fugacity, experiment duration and initial sample composition. Table 3 is a summary of the major and minor element composition of the glass measured by electron microprobe and laser ablation ICP-MS. Tables 4 and 5 are summaries of the major and minor element composition of the olivine and chromite, respectively, measured by electron microprobe.
Analyses were carried out on samples from 20 archaeological bipyramidal iron ingots from the Speyer depot in the Upper Rhine region, Germany, dated to the Hallstatt D and La Tène A periods (800–450 BCE). Typologically, the ingots belong to type BLS4 of bi-pointed ingots, consistent with their distribution in the Rhine and Moselle valleys. In addition, 40 iron ore samples were analysed; these were collected from iron ore deposits, former iron ore mines, and smelting sites in southern Germany. The aim of the analyses was to determine the geographic location and the isotopic and geochemical characteristics of the iron ore resources exploited during the Iron Age for the production of bipyramidal ingots. We aimed to obtain the most comprehensive possible provenance signature for each ingot sample by combining Re–Os isotope and concentration measurements with trace-element analyses. The signature preserved in an archaeological iron object largely reflects the isotopic and chemical characteristics of the ore smelted to produce the iron that was subsequently forged into the ingot. For the iron ingots, analyses were performed on bulk metal (Re–Os isotope analyses and ICP-MS trace-element analyses of the metallic matrix) and on polished sections (slag-inclusion analyses by LA-ICP-MS). Iron ores were analysed in bulk for Re–Os isotopes and as pressed pellets by LA-ICP-MS to determine whole-rock geochemical compositions. A further aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Re–Os system for determining the provenance of archaeological iron. In addition, two AMS radiocarbon measurements were performed on metal from the ingots to determine their chronological timeframe of use. The iron ore dataset includes samples from southern Germany, specifically the Swabian Alb, the Danube valley in Bavarian Swabia, and the Black Forest massif. Many of these ore samples had previously been analysed only for Os isotopes within the CIPIA project (Dillmann et al., 2017, ESM 1). All analytical data were acquired at the laboratory of the Curt Engelhorn Centre for Archaeometry (Mannheim, Germany). The full description of the data and methods is provided in the data description file. The datasets are provided as six Microsoft Excel files. This research was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG project BR 4312/5-1, “Zum Verhalten der siderophilen Spurenelemente bei der Eisenherstellung”).
The Morro São João intrusion is located in the easternmost part of the Serra do Mar province, along the Cabo Frio lineament (Fig. 1) and has an area of approximately 10 km². It is a Late Cretaceous intrusion formed by clinopyroxenites, melagabbros, shonkinites, malignites, nepheline syenites, and phonolite dikes, without olivine, and is thought to have formed by closed system crystallization of a fairly evolved tephritic melt of potassic/ultrapotassic affinity (cf. Brotzu et al., 2007). We have analyzed two malignites, and specifically, their liquidus phases (clinopyroxene, titanite, garnet, amphibole). Analyzing the trace elements in these minerals helps us to better understand the different fractionation of the elements in these coexisting phases, and the implications for the evolution processes that occurred in the Morro São João magma reservoir. These analyses also provided important information about the concentration of rare earth elements (REEs) and high field strength elements (HFSEs), and their change with the magmatic evolution of the suite. This publication results from work conducted under the transnational access/national open access action at Mass spectrometry la-icp laboratory (IGG-CNR, Italy) supported by WP3 ILGE - MEET project, PNRR - EU Next Generation Europe program, MUR grant number D53C22001400005.
The Salitre intrusion, which is subdivided into Salitre I and Salitre II. It was dated to ~86-82 Ma by Sonoki and Garda (1988). It is part of the Alto Paranaíba Igneous Province (APIP, Fig. 1) in Brazil. The APIP is one of the largest ultrapotassic/carbonatitic/kimberlitic provinces in the world. The intrusion consists of lamproites, carbonatites, and one lamprophyre, as well as various intrusive cumulitic rocks. These rocks include perovskite-phlogopite dunites, phlogopite-perovskite clinopyroxenites (salitrites, s.l.), phlogopitites, phoscorites, and perovskitites. These rocks are characterized by variable enrichment of olivine, clinopyroxene, phlogopite, perovskite, oxides, apatite, and carbonate, as well as several accessory phases, such as baddeleyite and calzirtite. Their geochemical and petrological features are related to the variable amounts of these minerals. For this part of the project, we have analyzed the concentrations of trace elements in the primary minerals (clinopyroxene, phlogopite, garnet, perovskite, apatite and olivine) identified in three phlogopite-perovskite clinopyroxenites and one perovskite-phlogopite dunite. Analyzing the trace elements in these minerals helped us to better understand the differential settling of minerals within the Salitre magma chamber, and their possible genetic relationship with carbonatitic and lamprophyric rocks. These analyses also provided important information about the minerals' enrichment in rare earth elements (REEs) and high field strength elements (HFSEs). This publication results from work conducted under the transnational access/national open access action at Mass spectrometry la-icp laboratory (IGG-CNR, Italy) supported by WP3 ILGE - MEET project, PNRR - EU Next Generation Europe program, MUR grant number D53C22001400005.
This work presents a Global dataset for combined mineral major and trace element data for rocks from the lower oceanic crust sampled along mid-ocean ridges worldwide. The dataset compiles mineralogical and geochemical data obtained from samples recovered along mid-ocean ridges characterized by a wide range of spreading rates, from fast-spreading to ultra-slow spreading ridges. It integrates published data from the scientific literature concerning the main mafic minerals of the lower oceanic crust, particularly olivine, plagioclase, and clinopyroxene, together with geological and geographical information related to the analysed samples. For each sample, the dataset includes details such as sampling location, oceanographic cruise, bibliographic reference, geographic coordinates, spreading rate, and sample lithology. The different worksheets contain average major element compositions and, where available, trace element data measured on crystal cores and rims. The dataset includes concentrations of major oxides, petrological parameters such as Fo# and Mg#, as well as trace element and rare earth element concentrations. The dataset was developed as a supporting tool for petrological, geochemical, and geodynamic studies aimed at improving the understanding of magmatic processes and the evolution of the lower oceanic crust along oceanic spreading centres.
The Limeira I kimberlite (91±6 Ma; Guarino et al., 2013) is part of the Alto Paranaíba Igneous Province (APIP) and was emplaced in the southern part of the São Francisco Craton in Brazil. This Kimberlite contains macrocrysts and phenocrysts of olivine, resorbed phlogopite/ tetraferriphlogopite, Al-free magnetite, chromite, magnesian ilmenite, rutile, perovskite, monticellite, apatite, serpentine and carbonate. It also contains a suite of xenocrysts and xenoliths (among which we recall wehrlite, phlogopite-ilmenite-websterite, olivine-ilmenite-glimmerite, clinopyroxenites bearing potassic-richterite, chromite-monticellite-kalsilite xenoliths, rutile with priderite or perovskite reaction rims, magnesian chromian ilmenite with perovskite rims). In this part of the project, we analyzed the xenocryst minerals and the main minerals found in the xenoliths entrapped in the Limeira I kimberlite. Analyzing the trace element concentrations in these minerals, helped us to better understand the processes that may occur in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Alto Paranaíba Igneous Province. These analyses also provided important information about the minerals' enrichment in rare earth elements (REEs) and high field strength elements (HFSEs). This publication results from work conducted under the transnational access/national open access action at Mass spectrometry la-icp laboratory (IGG-CNR, Italy) supported by WP3 ILGE - MEET project, PNRR - EU Next Generation Europe program, MUR grant number D53C22001400005.
This dataset presents a comprehensive geochemical and petrological record for the Hujialin ultramafic body in the Sulu orogenic belt, a major ultrahigh-pressure terrane in eastern China. The data compilation includes mineral proportions (Table S1), whole-rock major and trace element compositions (Table S2), whole-rock Sr–Nd isotopic ratios (Table S3), major and trace element compositions of olivine (Table S4), spinel (Table S5), garnet (Table S6), and clinopyroxene (Table S7), oxygen isotope compositions of whole-rock and mineral separates (Table S8), and modeled melt–cumulate compositions using the MELTS algorithm (Table S9). The dataset integrates newly acquired analyses with previously published data for several garnet-rich clinopyroxenites, allowing a unified comparison across the Hujialin ultramafic suite. This study was supported by funds from National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFF0807300) and the Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Disciplines Breakthrough Plan of the Ministry of Education of China (JYB2025XDXM911).
The Patagonia is a vast region located in the southernmost tip of the South America continent. It shows a basaltic plateau formed by volcanic activity started in the Upper Cretaceous-Lower Cenozoic (e.g., Baker et al. 1981; Ramos et al. 1982) and continued during Plio-Quaternary period. Long this time, the basalts have changed their compositions due to a variation in the tectonic environments. We studied mantle xenoliths hosted in the Plio-Quaternary alkaline basalts from Sierra Baguales, which are related to the back-arc environment (Munoz and Stern 1988, 1989; Munoz et al. 1989). Samples are recognized in two different areas (i) Cerro del Fraile and (ii) Cono Sin Nombre, which are situated to the NW and SE with respect to Sierra Baguales, respectively.
Zircon grains were separated from diorite and anorthosite dyke swarms intruding the mantle body of Finero Phlogopite Peridotite (Northernmost tip of the Ivrea-Verbano Zone, Southern Alps). All the dykes are highly discordant with respect to the mantle peridotite foliation and crop out along the right flank of the Rio Creves valley (Piedmont, Italy). The dykes are characterized by similar mineralogical composition, but show widely variable modal proportions.
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