These files are part of the supporting information of the scientific article "Pollutant patterns resulting from rain events in a large river – lessons learned for future monitoring" (https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-025-01213-7). The study aimed to provide an enhanced understanding of event-based emission and pollutant processes in a large river to support future monitoring. The dataset includes feature lists resulting from non-target screening by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) of water samples from the Moselle River. The samples were taken as daily composite samples during rain events and as 14-day composite samples at a monitoring station in Koblenz (Germany) from April to September 2021. Method blanks were prepared with ultrapure water (Milli-Q) following the procedure of preparation of water samples. Method blanks were prepared with each monthly sample batch. Blank samples are indicated by “Method_Blank” in the filename. Further, raw LC-HRMS measurement files (mzXML format) of two samples relevant for structure elucidation of prioritized features are included in the dataset. For each sample, raw files in negative (ESIneg) and positive (ESIpos) ionisation mode are provided. Please consider the "readme" file before working with the information provided in the feature lists.