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Mesocosm experiment on the influence of heatwave on plankton

In the context of global change, marine organisms are subjected not only to gradual changes in abiotic parameters, but also to an increasing number of extreme events, such as heatwaves. However, we still know little about the influence of heatwaves on the structure of marine communities, and experimental studies are needed to test the impact of heatwaves alone, and in combination with other environmental drivers. Here, we conducted a mesocosm experiment and applied an integrated multiple driver design to assess the potential impact of heatwaves under ambient and future environmental conditions on natural coastal plankton communities. To represent future environmental conditions, temperature and pH were manipulated based on the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 proposed by the IPCC for 2100, and dissolved N:P ratios were increased to simulate the conditions expected in European coastal zones. Throughout the experiment, we measured abiotic conditions as well as the abundance of bacterioplankton, phytoplankton, and microzooplankton.

Mercury and explosive compound 4-aminodinitrotoluene (4-ADNT) in dab (Limanda limanda) caught at munition dumping site Kolberger Heide in the Kiel Bight, Baltic Sea

Dumped munitions contain various harmful substances which can affect marine biota like fish. One of them is mercury (Hg), included in the common explosive primer. Another is 4-aminodinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), an explosive-metabolite. 251 individual dab (Limanda limanda L.) caught at the dump site Kolberger Heide a and nearby reference sites in 2017 and 2018 were analysed. The table contain individual data on Hg, 4-aminodinitrotoluene, age, length, weight, sex and condition factor.

Observational dataset of behavioral response of three-spined sticklebacks to TNT exposure in a closed laboratory setup

Dumped munition in the German North Sea and Baltic Sea pose environmental risks as corrosion of the munition shells results in the leakage of the explosive 2,4,6-trinitroluene (TNT) into the marine environment. Uptake of TNT by marine biota and the associated negative effects on organisms are of major concern. This dataset reports behavioral responses of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to environmentally relevant concentrations of TNT. Experimental sticklebacks were laboratory-bred and held in groups of 30 individuals in 60 L tanks in the fish facilities at the Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology in Bremerhaven. Parental sticklebacks originated from the Weser estuary (Luneplate, Bremerhaven, Germany, 53°28'36.9" N; 8°31'08.9" E) and were collected in April 2023. A total of 60 sticklebacks were tested in a controlled laboratory setup at the fish facilities at the Thünen Institute in Bremerhaven, containing two hideout zones formed by artificial plants. Each hideout was connected to an infusion system delivering either a TNT solution (100 µg/L) or control water into the zone currently occupied by the fish. Experimental trials were video-recorded to enable post hoc behavioral analysis. Behavioral metrics included the total time spent in the exposed hideout zone (s), latency to first leave the exposed hideout zone (s), and the number of crossings between hideout zones.

Entwicklung eines Unterwasser-Kamerasystems mit KI-gestützter Bilderkennung für den Einsatz in der kommerziellen Fischerei und der Fischereiforschung, Teilprojekt C

Entwicklung eines Unterwasser-Kamerasystems mit KI-gestützter Bilderkennung für den Einsatz in der kommerziellen Fischerei und der Fischereiforschung, Teilprojekt A

Histological and multi-biomarker analyses in Limanda limanda collected from shipwrecks in the North Sea to assess the biological effects of old World War munitions

This dataset documents field investigations on the biological effects of legacy World War I munitions on marine organisms, with a focus on shipwreck sites in the North Sea. Three historically well-documented wrecks were selected: the light cruiser SMS Mainz, the minelayer SMS Ariadne, and the submarine UC30. These wrecks were chosen based on detailed archival information regarding their sinking circumstances and cargo, their unambiguous identification, and their accessibility for scientific diving operations. As a munition-free control, a reference area outside known wreck fields was sampled (Naturschutzgebiet Borkum Riffgrund). The flatfish Limanda limanda (dab) was selected as a sentinel species. Sampling was conducted during several cruises with the research vessel Heincke (HE 573, April 2021 – SMS Mainz; HE 596, April 2022 – UC30 and SMS Ariadne; HE 607, September 2022 – UC30; HE 613, February 2023 – SMS Ariadne) and with the Uthörn (May 2022 – reference site). Fish were caught using bottom trawls deployed as close as possible to the wreck structures. Captured fish were transferred to seawater tanks prior to dissection. Each specimen was measured, weighed, and assessed biometrically to calculate condition factors as indicators of general health. Subsequent processing included macroscopic examination of livers for pathological alterations (e.g., fatty liver, nodules, bile stasis, tumor formation). Liver tissue was partitioned for histological analysis (H&E staining after methacrylate embedding), histochemical biomarker assays (lipofuscin accumulation, neutral lipids, lysosomal membrane stability), and biochemical measurements. Enzyme activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were quantified in liver and muscle homogenates using spectrophotometric assays and normalized to protein content. Both otoliths were extracted for age determination, dried, embedded in resin, and microscopically examined under variable light intensities to identify annual growth rings. The resulting dataset integrates biometric data, liver pathology, histological and histochemical biomarkers, enzyme activity profiles, and otolith-based age determinations from dabs collected at munition-affected shipwrecks and a reference site. It provides a standardized and comprehensive resource to evaluate the potential toxicological effects of World War I munitions on marine fish populations in the North Sea.

PrimePrevention - Vorhersage mariner biologischer Gefahren zur Verhinderung sozioökonomischer Auswirkungen, Vorhaben: Zeitliche und räumliche Ausdehnung von hypoxischem und schwefelwasserstoffhaltigem Bodenwasser in der Kieler Bucht

One Health-Überwachungsansatz für antimikrobielle Resistenzen in Meeressäugern, Meeresumwelt und Menschen in der Nord- und Ostsee, Anteil Gießen

Substrate und Lebensgemeinschaften der Watten des Jadebusens

Es ist das Ziel des Vorhabens, zu einem Zeitpunkt wachsender Belastung (Ausbau Wilhelmshavens zum Oelhafen und zum Standort abwasserreicher Industrien) den Zustand repraesentativer Glieder des Oekosystems Jadebusen festzuhalten. Die Untersuchung erstreckt sich auf Substrate und Organismen der Wattflaechen (120 km2) und umfasst z.B. folgende Punkte: 1) Morphologisches Relief der Oberflaeche nach Bodenuntersuchung. 2) Verteilung niederer Pilze (Chytridineen). 3) Verteilung der autotrophen bentischen Mikroflora. 4) Verteilung der Makroflora. 5) Verteilung der benthischen Mesofauna. 6) Verteilung der bentischen Makrofauna.

Umweltbeeinflusste Hartkoerpermerkmale - Schalenmorphologie von Ostracoden, Polychaeten, Copepoden, Isopoden und Cladoceren

Die Hartkoerper wirbelloser Tiere - etwa die Schalen von Ostracoden - werden von verschiedenen Milieufaktoren morphologisch veraendert. So ruft z.B. ein geringerer CaCO3-Gehalt des Wohngewaessers, eine staerkere Skulptur, aber geringere Schalendicke hervor. Damit korreliert wirken Salzgehalt und Temperatur ein. Die kausale Erfassung der Veraenderung fuehrt zu Erkenntnissen ueber eine Veraenderung des Wohngewaessers in der Zeit: Oekoindikatoren: aber auch Palaeooekoindikatoren.

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