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Langzeitbeobachtungen zur Populationsdynamik des Halsbandlemmings in NO Grönland (Karupelv Valley Project)

Seit 1988 befasst sich das am Institut fuer Landespflege angesiedelte Langzeitforschungsvorhaben 'Karupelv Valley Projekt' mit den Ursachen der Populationszyklen von Lemmingen. Das Untersuchungsgebiet in Nordost Groenland ist Bestandteil der High Arctic Tundra und zeichnet sich durch eine einfach strukturierte Tiergemeinschaft aus. Durch jaehrliche flaechendeckende Bestandsaufnahmen und die Erfassung von Lemmingwinternestern auf einer Untersuchungsflaeche von ca 1000 ha werden sowohl die Populationsfluktuationen der Lemminge als auch die ihrer Raubfeinde dokumentiert. Die bisherigen Ergebnisse deuten auf eine verzoegerte dichteabhaengige Reaktion der Hermeline auf die Lemmingausbrueche hin. Dieser Hypothese soll nun durch Einsatz von Telemetrie im Rahmen des naechsten Zyklus naeher geprueft werden. An dem internationalen Projekt sind auch die Universitaeten Helsinki, Stockholm und Kopenhagen beteiligt.

Oekologie von Kleinsaeugern

Freilandstudien zur Oekologie und Biologie bodenlebender Nagetiere (Muriden, Cricetiden) und Insektenfresser (Soriciden).

Nicht-chemische Verfahren zum Management von Schadnagern im ökologischen Möhrenanbau

Willingmann: „Positive Entwicklung der Biber-Population ist Erfolgsgeschichte für Naturschutz in Sachsen-Anhalt“

Exzellente Schwimmer mit natürlich eingebauter Taucherbrille: Biber sind bestens an ihren aquatischen Lebensraum angepasst. Dank durchsichtiger Augenlider, so genannter Nickhäute, können sie sogar mit geschlossenen Augen unter Wasser sehen. Und das tun in Sachsen-Anhalt immer mehr der geschützten Tiere: Aktuell gibt es im Land gut 3.600 Biber in etwa 1.150 Revieren. Ihre Population ist in den vergangenen Jahren stetig gewachsen, wenngleich sich der Anstieg zuletzt verlangsamt hat. Grund: Lang anhaltende Trockenphasen und die bereits starke Besiedlung potentieller Biberreviere. Zum heutigen Welt-Biber-Tag sagt Umweltminister Prof. Dr. Armin Willingmann: „Die positive Entwicklung der Biber-Population in Sachsen-Anhalt ist eine Erfolgsgeschichte für den Naturschutz. Mein besonderer Dank geht dabei an die vielen ehrenamtlichen Biber-Kartierer, für ihren Einsatz zum Schutz dieser streng geschützten Art in Sachsen-Anhalt. Davon profitieren übrigens auch wir Menschen. Denn durch das Fällen von Gehölzen und ihre baulichen Aktivitäten tragen die Nager auch aktiv zu Artenvielfalt und Wasserrückhalt in der Fläche bei.“ Nachdem das größte Nagetier Europas Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts fast ausgerottet wurde, hat sich der Biber (Castor fiber) in Sachsen-Anhalt wieder ausgebreitet. Die größten Vorkommen befinden sich im Flussgebiet der Elbe, entlang von Mulde und Havel sowie im Drömling. Aktuell wird der Süden Sachsen-Anhalts verstärkt besiedelt, insbesondere Gebiete an Saale, Unstrut und Helme. Ist der Wasserstand zu niedrig, stauen die Nagetiere die Gewässer durch Dämme an, um ihre Baue vor Fressfeinden zu schützen. Konflikte kann es dabei vor allem an kleineren Bächen und Gräben geben – durch Überschwemmungen landwirtschaftlich genutzter Flächen oder Probleme bei der Gewässerunterhaltung. Mögliche Konflikte werden dann durch die Biberkompetenzstelle des Landes im engen Dialog mit den Landnutzenden vor Ort gelöst. Wer ehrenamtlich Biberreviere kartieren möchte, kann sich an die Biberkompetenzstelle des Landes oder an den Arbeitskreis Biberschutz im NABU-Landesverband Sachsen-Anhalt wenden. Die Ergebnisse dienen unter anderem der Planung weiterer Naturschutz-Maßnahmen im Land und der Berichterstattung zum Erhaltungszustand der Art an die EU. Übrigens: Ab Mai beginnt für Biber die Nachwuchs-Saison. Störungen der Tiere und ihrer Reviere sollten besonders in dieser Zeit vermieden werden. Aktuelle Informationen zu interessanten Themen aus Wissenschaft, Energie, Klimaschutz und Umwelt gibt es auch auf den Social-Media-Kanälen des Ministeriums bei Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Mastodon und X (ehemals Twitter). Impressum: Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Energie, Klimaschutz und Umwelt des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt Pressestelle Leipziger Str. 58 39112 Magdeburg Tel: +49 391 567-1950, E-Mail: PR@mwu.sachsen-anhalt.de , Facebook , Instagram , LinkedIn , Threads , Bluesky , Mastodon und X

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field experiment: Araneae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, spiders were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Spiders were identified to species according to Nentwig et al. (2019). Spider hunting strategy (active hunter or web-builder) was used as the feeding trait according to Cardoso et al. (2011).

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field study: Araneae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, spiders were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Spiders were identified to species according to Nentwig et al. (2019). Spider hunting strategy (active hunter or web-builder) was used as the feeding trait according to Cardoso et al. (2011).

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field experiment: Carabidae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, carabids were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Carabids were identified to species according to Hůrka (1996). Carabid feeding behavior was classified according to Homburg et al. (2014). To simplify the dataset, carabid feeding behavior was classified as predominantly granivorous (species mainly feed on seeds and fruits) or as carnivorous/omnivorous, because carnivorous and omnivorous species are potentially feeding on aphids and other non-plant material.

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field study: Carabidae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, carabids were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Carabids were identified to species according to Hůrka (1996). Carabid feeding behavior was classified according to Homburg et al. (2014). To simplify the dataset, carabid feeding behavior was classified as predominantly granivorous (species mainly feed on seeds and fruits) or as carnivorous/omnivorous, because carnivorous and omnivorous species are potentially feeding on aphids and other non-plant material.

Rodent composition of urban and forested areas in Potsdam, Germany

The present dataset from Germany is encompassed in the European Biodiversa BioRodDis project (Managing BIOdiversity in forests and urban green spaces: Dilution and amplification effects on RODent microbiomes and rodent-borne DISeases. Project coordinator: Nathalie Charbonnel, Senior researcher (DR2, INRAE), nathalie.charbonnel@inrae.fr - https://www6.inrae.fr/biodiversa-bioroddis). The project comes with the purpose to explore on a large scale the relationship between biodiversity of rodents, rodent-borne diseases dynamics and differences over time in a changing climate and it includes data of small terrestrial mammals from temperate forests and urban parks from the following countries: Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland and Poland. The present dataset includes records of small mammals (Rodentia) occurrences trapped in urbanised and forested areas in northeast Germany in the district of Potsdam (Brandenburg). Samplings and data collection took place throughout three years and during a total of four seasons: winter 2020, spring 2021, autumn 2021 and spring 2022. The number of sampling sites varied between 2 and 4 per seasons, with two main sites (Germany EastA and Germany EastB) being permanent in each sampling season. These variations are mainly due to the impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic regulations (2020, 2021) on the organisation and the execution of fieldwork and to the exclusion subsequently of forested sites with very low density of animals (≤10 individuals: Germany EastC, Germany EastB). The two main sampling sites represent different levels of anthropisation. The site Germany EastA is around the Botanical Garden belonging to the University of Potsdam with a mixture of sealed and wooded areas and a constant human presence while the site Germany EastB is a forested sub-urbanised area outside of the city composed by mixed coniferous forests, meadows, crossed by a main road and with occasional human presence (hunters, foresters). All animals were live captured (as in Schirmer et al., 2019) using a combination of Ugglan and Longworth traps for a total of 100-150 traps, depending on site and year. Traps were placed in 4 to 6 lines with 25m distance, and each line was composed by a total of 25 traps placed with 10m distance from each other. Fieldwork actions generally started with 1-4 days of pre-baiting followed by 1-10 days of trapping, according to efficiency of trapping and subprojects included. The sites Germany EastC and Germany EastD were excluded from the last two seasons because of very low trapping success during the previous seasons. All the traps were controlled daily during early morning hours and were activated again in the evening, with animals spending not more than eight hours in the trap. Baiting mixture consisted of oat flakes and apples and all traps were equipped with insulating material, like hay or wood wool. Taxonomical identification was determined in the field at species level according to morphology and previously recorded species occurrences in the sampling area (Dolch, 1995). Molecular identification of Apodemus flavicollis and Microtus individuals that were subsequently dissected was performed by the CBGP (France) using CO1 sequencing for Microtus species following Pagès et al., 2010, and DNA fingerprinting (AP-PCR) for Apodemus species (Bugarski-Stanojević et al., 2013). Dissections and body measurements were performed following the protocols described in Herbreteau et al., 2011. At the end of all seasons, a total of 620 occurrences of rodents was recorded, belonging to two main families (Muridae, Cricetidae) and four different species (Apodemus flavicollis, Apodemus agrarius, Myodes glareolus and Microtus arvalis). Additionally, for a subset of individuals (n=264), body measurements like weight, body length, head width, tail length and hind foot length as well as sexual maturity data were recorded. Animals were captured in accordance with the applicable international and institutional guidelines for the use of animals in research. The trapping and collection of rodents was performed under the permission of “Landesamt für Arbeitsschutz, Verbraucherschutz und Gesundheit Brandenburg (LAVG)“ (no. 2347-A-16-1-2020 for procedure, LUGV_RW7-4744/41+5#243052/2015 and N1 0424 for trapping) and “Landesamt für Umwelt Brandenburg (LfU)” (no. LFU-N1-4744/97+17#194297/2020, for sites and species exemptions). This project was funded through the 2018-2019 BiodivERsA joint call for research proposals, under the BiodivERsA3 ERA-Net COFUND programme, and coordinated by the German Science Foundation DFG (Germany). Citations: 1) Bugarski-Stanojević, V., Blagojević, J., Adnađević, T., Jovanović, V., & Vujošević, M. (2013). Identification of the sibling species Apodemus sylvaticus and Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Muridae)—Comparison of molecular methods. Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology, 252(4), 579–587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.11.004 2) Dolch, D. (1995). Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Brandenburg. 97. 3) Herbreteau, V., Jittapalapong, S., Rerkamnuaychoke, W., Chaval, Y., Cosson, J.-F., & Morand, S. (2011). Protocols for field and laboratory rodent studies. 56. 4) Pagès, M., Chaval, Y., Herbreteau, V., Waengsothorn, S., Cosson, J.-F., Hugot, J.-P., Morand, S., & Michaux, J. (2010). Revisiting the taxonomy of the Rattini tribe: A phylogeny-based delimitation of species boundaries. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 10(1), 184. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-10-184 5) Schirmer, A., Herde, A., Eccard, J. A., & Dammhahn, M. (2019). Individuals in space: Personality-dependent space use, movement and microhabitat use facilitate individual spatial niche specialization. Oecologia, 189(3), 647–660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-019-04365-5

Invasive Tierarten in Rheinland-Pfalz am Beispiel Nutria

Ausbreitung des Nagetiers Nutria (auch Biberratte oder Sumpfbiber genannt), Nutria-Schäden in Landwirtschaft, an Regenrückhaltebecken, an Bachufern und an Deichen, Ausbreitung von invasiven Tierarten, Bedrohung für Artenvielfalt, Maßnahmen; Berichterstattung der Landesregierung im Ausschuss für Umwelt und Forsten

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