During the period from 1974 to 2018 various cruises from BGR acquired seismic lines worldwide. The aim of these marine expeditions was a detailed survey of the geological structure.
During cruise BGR79 from 29th June to 3rd September 1979 the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) carried out marine seismic reflection surveys in the three separate areas of the North Atlantic Ocean (Norwegian Sea, Scotian Basin, and U.S. East Coast Area) with S.V. EXPLORA. Simultaneously gravity, magnetic and reflection seismic data were recorded on parts of the lines. In addition, 66 sono-buoys were deployed for seismic refraction data recording on various seismic lines in all three areas. A detailed survey in the Norwegian Sea took place in the time from 29th June to 15th July, 1979 between the southern Vøring Plateau, the Jan Mayen Fracture Zone, the Møre Basin and the Faeroe-Shetland escarpment during leg 1 of cruise BGR79. The data showed that the Møre Basin contains a small sub-basin in the western part, the West-Shetland Basin. Further seaward, an outer high as well as a zone of intrusions were imaged.
During the period from 1974 to 2023 various cruises from BGR acquired seismic lines worldwide. The aim of these marine expeditions were a detailed survey of the geological structure of seabed.
Das Projekt "Biologische Bekaempfung schaedlicher Algenblueten in europaeischen Kuestengewaessern: Rolle der Eutrophierung - BIOHAB" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Stiftung Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung e.V. (AWI) durchgeführt. Objective: Biological control of Harmful Algal blooms in European coastal waters: role of eutrophication (BIOHAB). Problems to be solved: Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) occur in many European marine waters and have increased in frequency concomitantly with a increased nutrient input from land. HABs have a devastating effect on the ecosystem and/or cause health problems in humans. Species of interest for BIOHAB belong to different taxonomic groups. Various algae belonging to these groups produce substances responsible for e g Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning and Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning. Some species are harmful in other ways, e g by creating oxygen deficiency. The success of HABs depends on several biological interactions, which are of a complex nature. The overall objective of BIOHAB is therefore to determine the interplay between (anthropogenic) eutrophication and biological control of the losses and gains of HABs. The ultimate goal is to find ways to manage phytoplankton algal blooms in European coastal waters in such a way that harmful species are avoided or at least that their negative effects are minimised. The co-operation involves several European countries, representing distinctly differing regions (the Baltic, the North Sea, coastal zone of Norway, the Mediterranean). Both the Helsinki (HELCOM) and Oslo Paris Commission (OPARCOM) have been established as intergovernmental organisations with as primary task the protection of the marine environments in the Baltic Sea and North Sea. BIOHAB will provide the necessary knowledge on HABs and their control within these commissions. Scientific objectives and approach: The scientific objectives are (1) To determine the susceptibility of HABs to biological control such as grazing (copepods, ciliates, hetero- and mixotrophic dinoflagellates) and/or infection (virus, bacteria, parasites) when growing under deficient as compared to sufficient nutrient conditions. (2) Investigate the release of infochemicals by HABs into the seawater with the aim to avoid grazing and infection. (3) To examine data sets of the general and unique patterns of growth and decay parameters of HAB-species in various coastal regions. (4) To develop a generic or species-specific model for the development of HABs and their mitigation. (5) To obtain and grow HAB species-specific pathogens (viruses, bacteria, parasites) which could potentially be used to terminate HABs (bio-control). The workplan combines laboratory and field experiments with in situ studies, to be carried out in 4 different European seas. This includes the low saline Baltic, the eutrophic N-controlled North Sea, the oligotrophic Norwegian Sea, and the P-limited Mediterranean Sea. Prime Contractor: Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Biological Oceanography; Den Burg.
Das Projekt "CLICOFI: Wirkungen der klimainduzierten Temperaturveraenderungen auf kuestennahe Seefischbestaende" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Leibniz-Institut für Ostseeforschung durchgeführt. Changes in the earth's climate through warming of the atmosphere have been predicted and concomitant negative consequences in many marine ecosystems are expected. Although the impact of decadal-scale variations by the coupled ocean-atmosphere system on marine communities and populations has been well documented (Cushing, 1982; Beamish, 1995; Bakun, 1996), causal relationships are largely obscure. Temperature changes can affect, directly or indirectly, marine populations during all life stages. To analyse and interpret these effects a profound synthesized knowledge of ecological and physiological processes is required. Within the framework of the European initiative ELOISE (European Land Ocean Interaction Studies) a project was designed to further our understanding of the past and present impact of climate induced temperature changes on fish populations through the combination of retrospective studies, field data analysis, ecological and physiological experiments, genetical investigations and modelling. We have selected two model species characterized by northern and southern distribution limits in the North Atlantic: eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), as a typical non-migrating inhabitant of the coastal zone, with a k-selektive reproduction strategy (viviparous) and cod (Gadus morhua), as an typical inhabitant of continent shelf with a high importance for fisheries. Both species have a boreal distribution, the southernmost distribution limits are in the Wadden Sea of the southern North Sea (eelpout) and in the northern part of the Biscay (cod). Accordingly, populations of the two species have adapted to temperature regimes in a latitudinal cline.