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The 12th Sternfahrt of the ElbeXtreme and MOSES projects took place in 2024 from September 02 to 13, within the area of the German Bight (North Sea). Its objective was to get a more systematic grid of sampling data by spatially integrated onboard sensors. Therefore, the MOSES-laboratory container was installed again. Water samples were taken from the surface with a rosette or via Niskin bottles. The first part of the cruise was conducted by the research vessel (RV) Ludwig Prandtl, starting on the 2nd of September on Heligoland. From there, the crew navigated towards Cuxhaven covering some stations from previous MOSES cruises. For the next days, the ship followed a rectangular track, shifting northward each day, heading towards Heligoland again. Due to strong winds, the sampling stations were reduced to three on the last day. On Heligoland the RV Mya II took over the laboratory container and other sampling equipment for the second part of the cruise. Persistent strong winds delayed the start of the cruise until September 11. Since most of the planned stations were already covered from the RV Ludwig Prandtl, the crew decided to expand the sampling area using a more systematic zig-zag line. With the return of Mya II in the afternoon of the 13th September 2024, the campaign was successfully finished.
Four sediment cores from the Mayschoß floodplain (Ahr) were analysed for grain size, carbonates and soil organic parameters. For this purpose, the freeze-dried samples were sieved (2 mm) to remove large organic matter and the samples were separated into fine (< 2mm) and coarse (> 2 mm) fractions. For the grain size analysis, the fine fraction (< 2 mm), sieved samples (10 g) were left overnight in 35% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The samples were then heated to remove organic matter. In addition, the samples were dispersed by a 10 ml solution of 0.4 N sodium pyrophosphate (Na4P2O7) and ultrasonicated (45 min). The sand fraction was separated by dry sieving (classes: coarse sand: 2000 - 630 µm, medium sand: 630 - 125 µm, find sand: 200 - 125 µm and finest sand: 125 - 63 µm). X-ray granulometry (XRG, SediGraph III 5120, Micromeritics) was used to measure the fine fraction (coarse silt: 63 - 20 µm, medium silt: 20 - 6.3 µm, fine silt: 6.3 - 2.0, coarse clay: 2.0 - 0.6 µm, medium clay: 0.6 - 0.2 and fine clay < 0.2 µm). The coarse fraction was divided into two classes (2-10 mm, > 10 mm) by dry sieving. The roundness of gravels (> 10 mm) was also determined (> 10 mm rounded, > 10 mm sub-rounded, > 10 mm angular). The carbonate content of the fine fraction was determined using the Scheibler method. A pre-test is therefore carried out to determine the sample quantity. The more carbonate is contained, the smaller the required sample quantity. During the measurement, a defined amount of 10 % hydrochloric acid (HCL) is then added to the sample and the outgassing of the resulting CO2 is measured. The amount of HCL can be used to calculate the amount of dissolved calcium carbonate (CaCO3). For further geochemical analysis, the samples were pulverised and homogenised using the Retsch vibrating mill MM 200. The content of total carbon, nitrogen and sulphur of the fine fraction was analysed using the vario EL cube (Elementar). For this purpose, the ground fine soil sample was mixed with tungsten oxide (WO3) in a ratio of 1:3 and wrapped in tin foil for analysis. Due to the higher accuracy, the sulphur values of the X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) were included in the data set. The samples (8 g) were pressed into uniform pills with a carbon-based binder using a Vaneox press at 20 t for 2 min. Elemental analysis was performed in a He atmosphere using a Spectro Xepos energy dispersive XRF spectrometer. The complete XRF dataset including errors, reproducibility and security of the measurement is also available on Pangaea. Finally, the inorganic and organic carbon as well as the C/N and C/S ratios were calculated. The surface elevation was extracted from Brell et al. (2023).
Dieser Web Feature Service (WFS) Fahrradrouten stellt Velorouten für den Alltagsradverkehr, Freizeitrouten für das Radwandern und Radfernwege durch Hamburg zum Downloaden bereit. Die Velorouten verbinden die City mit wichtigen Alltagszielen wie den Wohngebieten der inneren und äußeren Stadt, Stadtteilzentren und Arbeitsplatzschwerpunkten. Die Freizeitrouten erschließen die Grün- und Landschafsbereiche der Stadt, teilweise entlang von Flüssen und Kanälen. Die Radfernwege verlaufen auf den Freizeitrouten. Dargestellt werden die jeweiligen Routenverläufe. Zur genaueren Beschreibung der Daten und Datenverantwortung nutzen Sie bitte den Verweis zur Datensatzbeschreibung.
Hintergrund: Obwohl Nanopartikel und Kolloide (NPC) als Vektoren für P-Verluste und P-Neuverteilungen in Waldsystemen fungieren, fehlen grundsätzlichen Erkenntnisse über den Zusammenhang zwischen steuernden Umweltfaktoren und dem Schicksal, Transport und der zusammensetzung von NPC und ihrer P-Beladung. Wir postulieren, dass hydrologisch bedingte NPC-Verluste und -umverteilungen eine dreifache Gefahr für das langfristige biogeochemische Recycling von P in Waldökosystemen und damit die Ökosystemernährung darstellen. Projektziel: Aufklärung der Bedeutung und Steuerung von NPC-Verlusten und -umverteilungen für die langfristige Effizienz des P-Recycling in Waldökosystemen. Projekt-Hypothesen: Mobile Kolloide in Waldökosystemen entstammen hauptsächlich dem organischen Oberboden (alle WPs), (ii) Laterale Flüsse vom kolloidalen P während Starkregenereignissen begrenzen langfristig die maximale P-Wiederverwertungseffizienz von Waldökosystemen (WP1), (iii) P ist überwiegend mit organischen Kolloiden assoziiert und größtenteils bioverfügbar, was eine weitere Limitierung der P-Wiederverwertung im Wald darstellt (WP2), (iv) Die Kolloidverlagerung in Wäldern führt zu P-reichen und P-armen Stellen (laterale Umverteilung) bzw. zu einem P-Transfer aus oberflächennahen organischen Horizonten zum mineralischen Unterboden und damit zu einer P-Festlegung in diesem Horizont (WP3), und (v) Abnehmende atmosphärische Einträge von organischen Säuren und Kalkung erhöhen den pH Wert und reduzieren das austauschbare bzw. gelöste Al3+ im Waldoberboden, was die Mobilisierung bzw. den Verlust von kolloidalem P fördert (WP4). Methodik: Wir werden die Konzentration und Zusammensetzung von Kolloiden in den Wasserproben i) aus den Streulysimetern, ii) aus dem lateralen Fluss in Bodeneinschnitte (trenches) und iii) aus den Oberläufen von Bächen an den Versuchsstandorten in Bad Brückenau, Conventwald, Vessertal und Mitterfels bestimmen. Die Kolloide werden mittels Feld Fluss Fraktionierung fraktioniert bzw. isoliert und in Kombination mit ICP-MS, TOC und TN Analyse, sowie TEM gekoppelt mit Energiedispersiver Röntgenspektroskopie charakterisiert. Aufgaben/Arbeitspakete: WP1: Entnahme von Wasserproben aus dem lateralen Fluss in Bodeneinschnitten (trenches) (mit Puhlmann/Weiler und Julich/Feger). Entsprechend unserer Hypothese sollte die Gesamtmenge von NPCs aus präferenziellen Fließwegen, dem lateralen Fluss und den Oberläufen der freigesetzten Menge aus der organischen Bodenoberschicht gleich sein. WP2: Untersuchung der Bioverfügbarkeit der NPC aus dem 'interflow' und den Oberläufen durch Inkubationsexperimente mit Enzymen um Phosphatester und Inositol-Phosphate nachzuweisen (mit Kaiser/Hagedorn/Niklaus). (Text gekürzt)
We surveyed dike grasslands of the river Danube in south-east Germany between 2017 and 2021 with 41 plots (25 m²) at 12 sites. The dike grasslands had an age of 4-19 years. The dikes were raised and restored and our main aim was the monitoring of the vegetation development. In this dataset are the measured local site characteristics like soil samples, landscape factors (using GIS) and historical factors (e.g. information from practitioners).
The file contains data from the Marine Carbon System. It gathered parameters from the inorganic carbon and incorporate the organic alkalinity as a main contributor to the sea surface microlayer (SML) compared to the Underlaying Water (ULW). Data was collected during Mesocosm Study from 18-May to 17-July 2024 in the Sea sURface Facility (SURF), Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Wilhelmshaven, Germany. Discrete samples to measure Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), Total Alkalinity (TA) and Organic Alkalinity (OA) were collected. For SML data, DIC, TA and OA was collected every third day following the glass‑plate technique (Harvey and Burzell, 1972). The ULW data, DIC, TA and OA were collected every day using a suction system to collect the sample from 0.4 m depth. Discrete samples were transported to the laboratory for further analysis; DIC was determined coulometrically (CM5017, UIC, IL, USA), and TA concentration was directly measured by high-precision closed-cell potentiometric titration (916 Ti-Touch, Metrohm, Switzerland). OA concentration was determined directly after TA was measured, using the same sample (from which all carbonate species had been purged), denoted as back titration. The dataset includes quality flags 0-4 with flags 1 and 2 are ready for use. See metadata for more information.
As part of PhytOakmeter platform (www.phytoakmeter.de), soil chemical parameters were determined in 2016, 2018, 2020 and 2022. Soil pH was measured using a glass electrode in a 1:2.5 soil-to-0.01 M CaCl2 suspension after one hour of equilibration. Gravimetric soil moisture was assessed with a fully automated moisture analyzer (DBS60-3, KERN & SOHN GmbH, Balingen, Germany), here defined as soil moisture (MOI). Total nitrogen (TN) and total carbon (TC) contents in the soil were analyzed in triplicate through dry combustion using a Vario elemental analyzer (EL III, Elementar, Hanau, Germany), and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (TC/TN) was subsequently calculated from these values. To evaluate the potentially bioavailable soil organic carbon and nitrogen for microbial activity, hot water-extractable carbon and nitrogen (HWC and HWN, respectively) were determined following the methods of Ghani et al. (2003) and Schulz et al. (2011). Additionally, the labile organic carbon and nitrogen easily decomposable by soil microorganisms were measured as cold water-extractable carbon (CWC) and nitrogen (CWN) based on procedures described by Zsolnay (1996), Zakharova et al. (2015), and Schmidt et al. (2017). Ammonium and nitrate (NH4±N and NO3—N, respectively) were quantified, with their sum representing the total mineral nitrogen content (Nmin).
This dataset contains species-resolved phytoplankton and microzooplankton abundance and biomass data from the KOSMOS 2023 Helgoland mesocosm experiment conducted in the coastal waters off Helgoland Island in the North Sea, Germany. The experiment investigated the effects of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) on plankton communities during the development of a natural spring bloom. Six mesocosms (~6 m³) were subjected to an immediate dilution OAE scenario, establishing an alkalinity enhancement gradient ranging from ΔTA 0 to 1250 µmol kg⁻¹ in increments of 250 µmol kg⁻¹ through calcium-based alkalinity addition. The dataset includes taxonomically resolved phytoplankton and microzooplankton abundance (cells mL⁻¹), carbon biomass (µg C L⁻¹), functional group classifications, and World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) taxonomic identifiers. Associated carbonate chemistry measurements, including total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), pH, fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO₂), salinity, temperature, and calculated ΔTA values are provided for each sampling event.
Ocean acidification causes an accumulation of CO2 in marine organisms and leads to shifts in acid-base parameters. Acid-base regulation in gill breathers involves a net increase of internal bicarbonate levels through transmembrane ion exchange with the surrounding water. Successful maintenance of body fluid pH depends on the functional capacity of ion-exchange mechanisms and associated energy budget. For a detailed understanding of the dependence of acid-base regulation on water parameters, we investigated the physiological responses of the shore crab Carcinus maenas to 4 weeks of ocean acidification [OA, P(CO2)w = 1800 µatm], at variable water bicarbonate levels, paralleled by changes in water pH. Cardiovascular performance was determined together with extra-(pHe) and intracellular pH (pHi), oxygen consumption, haemolymph CO2 parameters, and ion composition. High water P(CO2) caused haemolymph P(CO2) to rise, but pHe and pHi remained constant due to increased haemolymph and cellular [HCO3-]. This process was effective even under reduced seawater pH and bicarbonate concentrations. While extracellular cation concentrations increased throughout, anion levels remained constant or decreased. Despite similar levels of haemolymph pH and ion concentrations under OA, metabolic rates, and haemolymph flow were significantly depressed by 40 and 30%, respectively, when OA was combined with reduced seawater [HCO3-] and pH. Our findings suggest an influence of water bicarbonate levels on metabolic rates as well as on correlations between blood flow and pHe. This previously unknown phenomenon should direct attention to pathways of acid-base regulation and their potential feedback on whole-animal energy demand, in relation with changing seawater carbonate parameters.
The data set includes organic geochemical data, quantification of selected PAHs from the Schandelah core.
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