Das Projekt "Trees outside forest: Assessment" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Göttingen, Burckhardt-Institut, Abteilung Waldinventur und Fernerkundung durchgeführt. Tree resources outside the forest (TOF) serve a number of ecological and socio-economic functions, similar in principle, but different in extent to the functions of forest. This resource is not yet fully recognized in natural resources assessments, particularly on a regional level. Many people in particular in the Tropics depend directly on this resource. For TOF sustainability, politics and management options must be developed and implemented. It means that good information about the assessment of this resource must be available. In this project, options of TOF assessment and mapping on a regional basis will be developed based in the results of earlier studies of the TROF project (EU- INCO DC Program. Contract No ERBIC18 CT98 0323) and others research projects experiences in Latin America. Objectives: To develop an approach to the TOF assessment and mapping on a regional basis.
Das Projekt "REDD+ and the changing politics and economics of forest protection in Indonesia" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Lüneburg, Institut für Umweltkommunikation durchgeführt.
Das Projekt "Treiber, Hemmnisse und Handlungsempfehlungen für eine Green Economy in Deutschland" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Adelphi Consult GmbH durchgeführt. Mit dem Leitbild der 'Green Economy' verbindet sich in der internationalen Diskussion häufig die Hoffnung, Wirtschaftskonzeptionen Aufwind zu geben, die Klimaschutz, Umweltentlastung, Wohlstand und soziale Gerechtigkeit zu vereinen versuchen. Damit das Konzept handlungsleitend für die Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft werden kann, muss die große Vision einer Green Economy heruntergebrochen werden in konkrete Handlungsfelder, Zielsetzungen und Umsetzungsstrategien. Auf dem Rio+20-Gipfel bekannten sich die Regierungen dazu, gemeinsam mit Stakeholdern aus Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft, Politik und Zivilgesellschaft nationale Politiken für die Transformation hin zu einer Green Economy zu entwickeln bzw. auszubauen. Das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) stellt sich dieser Herausforderung: Im Rahmen des 'Agendaprozesses Green Economy' lädt es Akteure aus Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft, Gesellschaft und Politik dazu ein, die forschungs- und innovationspolitischen Handlungsfelder für eine Green Economy thematisch zu strukturieren und eine Forschungsagenda für die Transformation hin zu einer Green Economy zu entwickeln. Die Ergebnisse des Agendaprozesses fließen in die Weiterentwicklung des Rahmenprogramms 'Forschung für Nachhaltige Entwicklungen' (FONA) ein. adelphi unterstützt die Agendaentwicklung des BMBF durch eine wissenschaftliche Untersuchung. Ziel der Studie war es, die wichtigsten Märkte und Schlüsselinnovationen der Green Economy aus Perspektive der deutschen Wirtschaft zu identifizieren, Handlungsfelder und -bedarfe für die Transformation in Richtung einer Green Economy in Deutschland zu definieren und Empfehlungen für die zukünftige Forschungs- und Innovationspolitik des BMBF zu entwickeln.
Das Projekt "Consequences of (post-socialist) land use and climate change for landscape water budgets, soil degradation and rehabilitation in the forest steppe zone of Bashkortostan" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Geowissenschaften und Geographie, Arbeitsgruppe Geoökologie durchgeführt. The assessment of effects of the new economic situation and climate change on soil degradation of the Forest Steppe Zone in Bashkortostan is figured out as main research subject. To reach the overall goal we have defined 5 research targets: - Characterization of history, stages, and dynamics of land use - Characterization of soil degradation - Characterization of soil erosion - Characterization of influence of climate conditions on soil degradation esp. soil erosion and water balance - Characterization of measures against soil degradation and erosion in the past and present. The investigations will be organised within 5 work packages. Each work package focuses on one of these. Work package 5 Development of measures concerning soil and climate protection and sustainable land use integrates the results of the preceding 4 work packages. The investigations will focus on different spatial levels. Results will be gained beginning with laboratory scale to local scale (test plots) up to farm scale. This research results, like soil degradation patterns, will be verified at representative farms of different parts of the forest steppe zone. The joint research work and the quality management will be organised by the 5 work package leaders, who act as steering committee (SC) of the project. In extension to the structure of the current project we plan to assign an External Advisory Board (EAB), which includes representatives from involved stakeholders (agronomists), political decision makers (Ministry of Agriculture), and scientists. The EAB will evaluate project work and make suggestions to the SC regarding implementation and feasibility of project results. During the work at the current project in Bashkortostan new cooperation partners were gained from science, politics (Ministry of Agriculture), and regional (agricultural) businesses. They will be of great benefit to the success of future research studies. Hence we extended the group of applicants with partners from Bashkir State Agrarian University and Russian Academy of Sciences. Beside the research work the project will contribute also to the further development of education practice at the universities in Bashkortostan. This will be realised through the Phd thesis on one side and the adoption of new methods and techniques of soil degradation research.
Das Projekt "Climate Change Mitigation and Poverty Reduction (CliMiP) - Trade-Offs or Win-Win Situations?" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Leibniz-Institut für Globale und Regionale Studien durchgeführt. Research Questions: Does the implementation of climate change mitigation policies in developing countries always involve a trade-off between economic development, poverty reduction, and climate protection, or is there space for 'win-win policies'? This question is relevant for todays fast-growing middle-income economies, which are already or will soon become very significant contributors to global warming. The project will analyse these economies from three different angles: a comparative politics perspective on domestic climate governance and mitigation policy options, an economics perspective on the poverty and distributional impact of mitigation policies, and an international relations perspective on the global discourse surrounding mitigation and economic development (see project in RP 4). The project staff will cooperate closely with domestic partner institutions in South Africa, Mexico and Thailand, the three case study countries. Contribution to International Research: Despite the increasing role of todays developing world in GHG emissions, 'climate and development' research to date has largely focused on developing countries vulnerability and adaptation to climate change, and on climate-related transfers in these countries, such as those of the Joint Implementation and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Meanwhile, the critical issue of mitigation is slowly making its entrance into climate negotiation rooms. This focus on mitigation requires a shift in the analytical perspective. While the technological and natural science perspectives that tend to dominate the climate change discourse are clearly important, a social science perspective is warranted as well. This is particularly true because of the latters usefulness in analysing the possible trade-offs between mitigation and socio-economic development. Research Design and Methods: The project adopts a multidisciplinary social science approach with a comparative and global perspective. While they will remain firmly theoretically and methodologically grounded in their respective disciplines, the three study areas - (1) domestic climate governance, (2) poverty and distributional impacts of mitigation policies, (3) global perspective and the mitigation-development discourse - will interact continuously. The investigation of domestic climate governance will rely mainly on qualitative methods. These will include interviews with policy-makers, experts and practitioners to investigate their motivations and the driving and constraining forces behind their actions in climate change mitigation policy processes. We then plan to assess the poverty and distributional impacts of mitigation policies (possibly including most NAMAs) in the three case study countries using incidence-focused general equilibrium models, simulation models based on micro-data, and a combination of these two modelling approaches. usw.
Das Projekt "The scalar organization of environmental governance: an institutionalist perspective on the transformation of water and marine governance in the European Union" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Berlin (Humboldt-Univ.), Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften - Ressourcenökonomie durchgeführt. The project aims to theorize the scalar organization of natural resource governance in the European Union. This research agenda is inspired by critical geographers' work on the politics of scale. The research will examine an analytical framework derived from theories of institutional change and multi-level govern-ance to fill this theoretical gap. Furthermore, it will review conceptualizations of the state in institutional economics, evaluate their adequacy to capture the role of the state in the dynamics identified, and develop them further. The described processes may imply shifts in administrative levels, shifts in relations between different levels and changes in spatial delimitations of competent jurisdictions that result, for example, from decentralization or the introduction of river basin oriented administrative structures. The research investigates the implications of two European Directives: the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). They both have potentially great significance for the organization of marine and water governance at the level of Member States and below, and adhere to similar regulatory ideas for achieving good ecological status of waters. A multiple case study on changes in the scalar reorganization of marine and water governance that result from the implementation of the Directives will be carried out. It will rely on qualitative and quantitative data gathering based on semi-structured interviews and review of secondary and tertiary sources looking at Portugal, Spain, and Germany. It specifically addresses the role of social ecological transactions, the structure of decision making processes and the role of changes in contextual factors (such as ideologies, interdependent institutions and technology).
Das Projekt "Internationale Konferenz Human-Biomonitoring Nutzen für die Politik Herausforderungen für die Wissenschaft" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von FBU GmbH Forum Bildung und Kommunikation durchgeführt. Human-Biomonitoring (HBM) ist ein zentrales Informations- und Kontrollinstrument des gesundheitlichen Umweltschutzes. Die Konferenz richtet sich an Experten und Expertinnen aus Politik, Wissenschaft, Behörden, Industrie und Verbänden. Die Konferenz will beide Aspekte beleuchten: Politik und Wissenschaft.
Das Projekt "Fragmentation of the international forest regime complex: multi-dimensional descriptions, explanations, steering consequences and polital options; The production and utilisation of forest regime fragmentation by bureaucratic politics" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Burckhardt-Institut, Professur für Forst- und Naturschutzpolitik und Forstgeschichte durchgeführt. This project aims at analysing the influence of competing national and international bureaucracies on the fragmentation of the international forest regime complex (IFRC). Its objectives are: - describing the political dimension of fragmentation of the IFRC programme- explaining the political dimension of fragmentation based on the model of bureaucratic politics- analysing the steering consequences resulting from fragmentation - trans-disciplinary design of solutions for coping with political aspects of fragmentationBuilding on the bureaucratic politics approach these objectives will be pursued by testing the linking hypothesis: Interest and influence of the bureaucracies cause a fragmented programme of the IFRC. This programme supports the goal of profitable timber production but keeps the decision about biodiversity and CO2 sequestration open hindering the effective steering by the IFRC. The project develops an analytical framework consisting of the following independent variables: competing national and competing international bureaucracies, elected politicians, national and international non-state actors and media discourses. The fragmentation of the political programme of the IFRC is the overall dependent variable. This project will analyse the influence of bureaucracies and their coalitions on fragmentation at the international level as well as in national case studies in Sweden, Poland and Germany. The other independent variables will be covered by sub-projects 2, 3 and 4. The findings will be linked to the other political and to the economic and technic-ecological sub projects in order to contribute to the multi-disciplinary description and explanation of fragmentation and its steering consequences.
Das Projekt "Life Cycle Management of wood in Switzerland: methods, tools and environmental decision support" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Institut für Integrative Biologie durchgeführt. Ecological use of wood resources in Switzerland In this project, researchers develop decision-making aids on environmental policy issues for actors in politics and industry. In so doing, they consider the entire life cycle of wood: from forestry via manufacturing and multiple use of wood products (cascade use) through to its use as a source of energy, or its disposal. Background Rising prices of resources and environmental problems call for an efficient use of renewable resources both for material and energetic applications. Thus future generations will not be able to afford to underuse the resource wood, as is still the case today. In order to make better use of wood, models are needed that not only incorporate mass fluxes, but also provide a comprehensive and spatially resolved assessment of the environment. Aim The aim of the project is to develop strategies that facilitate the sustainable and efficient use of wood resources in Switzerland. For this purpose, the researchers are studying existing and potential future value chains with the help of dynamic and spatially-resolved material flow and life-cycle analyses, improving methods for the assessment of ecological impacts of forestry and wood use as well as evaluating new technologies and giving feedback to their developers within the scope of NRP 66. The insights gained in the project will help the researchers to develop and assess different wood usage scenarios, from which they will derive strategies for decision-makers in politics, industry, forestry and research. Significance The project will result in a software tool which can be used to test nascent technologies in respect of their ecological consequences. First users of the new tool will be researchers developing new technologies and products in NRP 66 partner projects. Based on the knowledge gained through the research work, political strategies for an ecologically sound management of wood as a resource will be proposed.
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