The HÜK250 (INSPIRE) describes the hydrogeological characteristics of the upper continuous aquifers in Germany at a scale of 1:250,000. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the content of the map is stored in a INSPIRE-compliant GML file: HUEK250.gml. The GML file together with a Readme.txt file is provided in ZIP format. The Readme.txt file (German/English) contains detailed information on the GML file content. Data transformation was proceeded by using the INSPIRE Solution Pack for FME according to the INSPIRE requirements.
The HÜK250 (INSPIRE) describes the hydrogeological characteristics of the upper continuous aquifers in Germany at a scale of 1:250,000. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the map provides INSPIRE-compliant data. The hydrogeologic units are represented graphically – mostly according to the INSPIRE portrayal rules – by GE.Aquifer.MediaType, GE.Aquifer.HydrogeochemicalRockType, GE.Aquifer.permeabilityCoefficient (BGR colours), GE.Aquitard.approximatePermeabilityCoefficient (BGR colours), GE.Aquitard and GE.Aquiclude.ConstitutionOfAquiclude. The geologic units are represented graphically – according to the INSPIRE portrayal rules – by GE.GeologicUnit.AgeOfRocks and GE.GeologicUnit.Lithology. The HÜK250 is a joint project of the SGD under the leadership of the BGR.
Das Projekt "Hydraulic experiments on workable rock fractures in the drilling of soultz" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe durchgeführt. Objective: To determine the behaviour of natural and stimulated fractures in crystalline rocks in the context of geothermal hdr development. General information: the work forms part of the Franco-German collaborative hdr project (see also contract nos.g0052d, g0055d, g0081d, g0082d and g0072f). The main experimental work will occur at Soultz, but opportunities may also be taken to work at other relevant sites in France or Germany. The work will involve hydraulic testing of open-hole and packed-off sections of borehole to determine: - the transmissivity and width of natural and stimulated fractures; - fracture characteristics as a function of fluid pressure and in-situ stress; - the extension of fractures during stimulation; - water loss from fractures under flowing conditions. Achievements: The European Geothermal Project involved teams from France and Germany who collaborated to test a site in the Upper Rhine Valley for its suitability for terrestrial heat mining (hot dry rock (HDR) energy production). Some British scientists participated in specific tasks. The site was chosen near Soulz-sous-Forets in Alsace at the location of the old oil field of Pechelbronn which was the first oil field exploited in Europe since the 18th century. It is situated on 1 of the summits of a very large thermic anomaly (200 km long and 20 km wide) where the mean geothermal gradient between the surface and 1500 m is known to be higher than 6.5 C/100 m. The programme began in July 1987 with a 2000 m deep borehole. Below at 1375 m thick sediment cover, the granitic basement was penetrated to a depth of 2000 m. The temperature at the bottom of the hole was 140 C. The geothermal gradient within the sediments was unusually high (10 C per 100 m) and diminished to a normal after a series of fractures inside the Buntsandstein producing some water at 116 C with a total salinity 98 g/l. At the depth of 1820 m, hydraulically active natural fissure was reached. The artesian outflow from this zone was 0.15 l/s, with well head pressure of 1.6 bars. The thermal water produced from the well had a high chloride contents and clearly had an identical origin with the fluid collected from the Buntsandstein just above the granite. During the water injection tests, a second active natural fissure was detected normally closed out but which seemed to aquire a noticeable permeability at a well head pressure of about 40 bars.
Das Projekt "Power-to-Horizon" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Landshut, Technologiezentrum Energie durchgeführt. Die Reduktion von Treibhausgasemissionen ist ein Schlüsselelement, um die EU-Klimaziele zu erreichen. Besonders im Verkehrssektor bestehen viele Einsparpotentiale. Die Verwendung von hauptsächlich biogenen Reststoffen bietet eine Lösung für eine stärkere Durchdringung der Bioenergie im Verkehrssektor, z.B. durch Biomethan. Das TZE hat ein innovatives Biomethanisierungskonzept entwickelt und erprobt, das auf einem hybriden Konversionsprozess mit Pyrolyse biogener Abfallströme und einem neuartigen Gas-Flüssig-Reaktortyp basiert, der auf selektiver Permeation aufbaut. In diesem Konzept können sowohl nasse als auch trockene Einsatzstoffe verwendet werden. Die hohe Umwandlungsgeschwindigkeit des Prozesses führt zu verbesserter Rentabilität und legt daher eine schnelle Etablierung auf dem Weltmarkt nahe. Um dieses Konzept weiterzuentwickeln, Risiken zu minimieren und die wirtschaftliche Machbarkeit und Nachhaltigkeitspotentiale zu analysieren, wird das TZE einen Antrag für den Call 'HORIZON-CL5-2021-D3- 03-03: Hybrid catalytic conversion of renewable energy to carbon-neutral fuels' im Cluster 5 'Klima, Energie und Mobilität' des EU-Förderprogramms Horizont Europa einreichen. Im Rahmen von Power-to-Horizon wird das TZE in den Austausch mit p (Text abgebrochen)
Das Projekt "Long-term stability and leak tightness of reactor containments" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Zerna, Schnellenbach und Partner GmbH durchgeführt. Objective: the objective of this research is to study the long-term performance of structures comprising nuclear power plants. The time period of interest for this study is 140 years (this figure is based on maximum periods of 40 years for operation and 100 years of storage). Particular attention will be given to those parts of the plant for which leak tightness and structural integrity are required, both during operation and for long periods after final shutdown. This research will be executed in close cooperation with Taylor Woodrow construction ltd. The specific aim of this research is to investigate the behaviour of complex composite structures, taking as a basis the long-term behaviour of materials. The possible susceptibility to long-term damage will also be assessed, and the areas most prone to such damage will be identified. Further consideration will be given to the possible interaction between sealing steel components (steel containments, steel liners) and load bearing concrete structures. This building survey will be carried out on structural elements of actual pwr stations (e.g. Emsland-Lingen) and bwr stations (e.g. Gundremmingen b and c). Consideration will be given to the validity of the investigations for relevant structures of other commercial nuclear power plants in the European community. This investigation will include the shut-down bwr station of garigliano in Italy. General information: 1. Investigation on reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete structures. 1.1. Selection of structural elements considered important with regard to the integrity of long-term containment. 1.2. Literature study on material behaviour covering long-term properties. 1.3. Analysis of the long-term behaviour of the selected structural elements. 2. Investigation of steel containments. 2.1. Selection of elements susceptible to damage, in particular plastic sealings with concrete and steel. 2.2. Assessment of damage (state of material, types of corrosion, formation of condensed moisture, permeability of the concrete, etc.). 2.3. Optimization of ultrasonic testing techniques (angular sound, weakening, creep wave, etc.) And application of the selected techniques to decommissioned Niederaichbach and Gundremmingen i nuclear power plants. 3. Recommendations for monitoring and enhancing long-term integrity of reinforced and prestressed concrete and for assessment of in-situ corrosion of steel elements. Achievements: The main elements of reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete structures of reactor buildings were investigated concerning their long term performance, a period of about 100 years after decommissioning. As reference plants 2 German nuclear power plants were chosen, one pressurized water reactor (PWR) type and one boiling water reactor BWR type. A survey of the general long term behaviour of the structural elements, and especially of their components, concrete and reinforcement steel, was made. The development of strength and the ...
Das Projekt "Sub project: Hydrochemical and hydraulic properties of the continental upper crust at the KTB site" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Regierungspräsidium Freiburg, Abteilung 9 - Landesamt für Geologie, Rohstoffe und Bergbau durchgeführt. A constant rate pumping test of one year duration is planed to be carried out in the 4.0 km deep pilot hole of KTB. Watertable fluctuations in the pilot borehole and in the 9.1 km deep main borehole will be monitored as well. A wealth of data (pumping rate, watertable/ pressure, temperature, salinity/electrical conductivity, water samples,....) will become available, some even online. The first objective of the proposed project is to determine the flow system (type of aquifer model). From this deduced hydraulic model follow the hydraulic characteristics (such as: transmissivity, storage coefficient, fracture lengt/ width/aperture, permeability of fractures and matrix,....) describing the properties of the crystalline basement rocks in vicinity of the KTB pilot- and main hole. The length of the expect test radius is some 1000 m. The proposed project intends also to determine the degree of the hydraulic connection between the two holes (having a depth difference of 5.1 km). Additional information, such as water analyses, will be needed in interpreting the hydraulic data. A second major objective is the modelling of water-rock interaction (WRI) processes using the chemical data of KTB fluids. In particular the time series of chemical data will be used to model the kinetic and time dependent processes. We expect as well to see some breakthroughs of 'fresh, clean' crystalline basement water and another breakthrough resulting from fluid stored in the main hole and its surrounding.
Das Projekt "Teil B" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Heidelberg, Universitätsklinikum, Institut für Immunologie durchgeführt. Anthropogene und biogene Schadstoffe in Lebensmitteln koennen zu einer Schaedigung von Darmzellen (Epithel-Immun- sowie neurokrine Zellen) fuehren, wodurch die selektive Schrankenfunktion der Darmwand sowie die Funktion des darin lokalisierten Darmassozierten Lymphgewebes (gut-associated lymphoid tissue, GALT) gestoert werden. Dadurch koennte die Entstehung von Lebensmittelallergien beguenstigt werden. Mit dem beantragten Projekt soll geprueft werden, ob (I) Schadstoffe ueber zyto- oder neurotoxische Mechanismen die intestinale Permeabilitaet beeinflussen, (II) ob zellulaere Komponenten des GALT durch neurotoxisch bzw. immuntoxisch wirksame Schadstoffe moduliert werden, (III) ob die orale Toleranz gegenueber Lebensmittelallergenen durch Schadstoffe beeintraechtigt wird, (IV) ob Lymphozyten durch Schadstoffe antigenspezifisch aktiviert werden. Neben der auf PAUL 1 (einem vorangegangenen Projekt) aufbauenden Untersuchung zu den Kontaminanten Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) und Cadmium und den Lebensmittelzusatzstoffen BHA, BHT und Propylgallat soll als anthropogener Schadstoff Quecksilber (Hg) in diese Untersuchungen einbezogen werden. Bei Personen mit Amalgamfuellungen wurde teilweise Hg-Expositionen nachgewiesen, die denen bei arbeitsplatzbedingter Hg-Exposition entsprechen und die bei Vorliegen individueller Dispositionsfaktoren moeglicherweise neuro- bzw. immuntoxisch sein koennen. Als Beispiel fuer in der Nahrung reichlich vorkommende biogene Schadstoffe sollen neben o.g. ABF1, Lektine untersucht werden, deren toxische Wirkung bei zunehmender Akzeptanz vegetarischer Ernaehrungsweisen als gesundheitlich bedenklich gelten koennen.
Das Projekt "Phase 2" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH - Fachbereich Endlagersicherheitsforschung durchgeführt. Anhydrit- und Salztonschichten sind Bestandteile der Normalabfolge des Salinars und unterliegen in der Betriebs- und Nachbetriebsphase eines Endlagers gebirgsmechanischen Beanspruchungen. In den steiferen und festeren Anhydrit- und Salztonschichten kommt es zu Belastungserhöhungen durch Spannungsumlagerungen. Es muss hier mit Klüften gerechnet werden und infolgedessen mit Zutritten von Laugen und Wässern. Das Vorhaben soll als Gemeinschaftsprojekt mit dem Institut für Gebirgsmechanik, Leipzig im Salzbergwerk Bernburg weitergeführt werden. Da in dieser Grube Steinsalz gewonnen wird und Anhydrit in Form von Klippenstrukturen aufgeschlossen ist, bestehen sehr günstige Bedingungen, den Anhydrit unter dem Einfluss großräumiger Gebirgsspannungsänderungen zu untersuchen. Die für die Untersuchungen notwendige Instrumentierung ist bereits im vorhergehenden Projekt erfolgt. Mit den Messungen wurde Mitte 2000 begonnen. Schwerpunkte sind die quantitative Beschreibung der induzierten Seismizität (Rissbildung und -fortpflanzung), der Einfluss des Spannungsfeldes auf die Risspermeabilität sowie de Modellierung der mechanischen und hydraulischen Vorgänge.
Das Projekt "Sub project: Seismic site characterization in and around the COSC-1 drillhole" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Technische Universität (TU) Bergakademie Freiberg, Institut für Geophysik und Geoinformatik durchgeführt. The project COSC (Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides) focuses on the mid Paleozoic Caledonide Orogen in Scandinavia in order to better understand orogenic processes, both in the past and in recent active mountain belts (Gee et al., 2010). The Scandinavian Caledonides provide a well preserved example of Paleozoic plate collision, where the surface geology in combination with geophysical data provide control of the geometry of the Caledonian structure, both of the allochthon and the underlying autochthon, including a shallow W-dipping décollement surface on a thin skin of Cambrian black shales beneath the Caledonian thrust sheets. The structure of the basement underneath the décollement is highly reflective and apparently dominated by mafic sheets intruded into either late Paleoproterozoic granites or Mesoproterozoic volcanics and sandstones. The COSC project will examine the structure and physical conditions of these units, in particular the Caledonian nappes ('hot' allochthon) and the underlying basement, with two approximately 2.5 km deep drillholes, located near Åre and Mörsil in western Jämtland (http://www.sddp.se/COSC). In addition to that, the drillholes will provide unique information about the present temperature gradient in the Caledonides, the porosity and permeability of the rock formations, and the petrophysical properties of the rocks at depth. Existing regional seismic and magnetotelluric data have imaged the geometry of the upper crust, and pre-site seismic reflection survey were preformed in 2010 and 2011 to better define the exact drill site locations (Hedin et al., 2012). This present proposal is dedicated to complement these surface seismic measurements by drillhole-based investigations to better resolve and define the small-scale structures (including lithological boundaries, steeply dipping fault segments, fracture sets, etc.) around the drillhole COSC-1. This will be achieved by a combination of seismic transmission and reflection experiments using a 3C borehole geophone system and complemented by 3C geophones at the surface, where sources and surface receivers will be aligned at different azimuths and centred around the borehole location. The data processing will employ recently developed advanced imaging techniques and will focus on, amongst other things, the analysis of anisotropic effects caused by aligned fractures and faults and their relation to the stress regime. The results of our investigations will be high-resolution images of the fine-scale structure of faults and fractures around the borehole. This information is vital not only for a reliable spatial extrapolation of the structural and petrophysical properties observed in the borehole, but also for a thorough understanding of the tectonic and geodynamic setting, including, but not limited to, the past and present stress regime.
Das Projekt "Retention capacity of posidonia shale in respect of seepage water containing heavy metals from flue-dust dumps. Modelling of migration mechanisms based on laboratory tests and work on site" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Karlsruhe (TH) durchgeführt. General Information: The dump sites used for the storage of residues from the various phases of steel production have to meet very special criteria. Flue dust and washing-tower sludge contain extremely high proportions of heavy metals and, in accordance with the Council Directive of 20 Match 1978 on toxic and dangerous waste, wastes containing Pb, Cd and As are among those requiring priority consideration. Seepage water in dumps results in the leaching of heavy metals and, if no precautions are taken, in the penetration of pollutants into the earth or groundwater. The base of a dump can act as a barrier against the migration of pollutants into the groundwater and biosphere, if its permeability is low and its sorption capacity high, and if the body of rock has little tendency toward destabilization and is homogenous and thick (20 m). Rocks with these favourable characteristics are generally argillaceous. In order to establish whether a rock would be suitable for a dump base, laboratory tests are normally carried out to check the above characteristics. The laboratory data are then applied to site conditions. However, the modelling of these conditions on laboratory data often involves major uncertainties. In this case we are in the fortunate position of being able to study a flue-dust dump which has been in existence for several decades and is located on a favourable barrier rock, Posidonia shale. A long-term in-situ test which would be very difficult to simulate in a laboratory has been carried out at this dump. When modelling heavy-metal migration the normal process can be reversed. The actual situation is recorded very precisely, and pollutant migration during recent decades reconstructed. Parallel laboratory tests using the same uncontaminated rock and the same pollutants are carried out, and a model is constructed using conventional methods. The validity of such a model can then be checked, and if necessary the model can be corrected so that it corresponds to what has actually happened. In addition to establishing the value of laboratory tests for ascertaining the suitability of a dump site, it will also be possible to show whether Posidonia shale is suitable for flue-dust dumps. Posidonia shale or 'oil shale' (Lias) is often found very near to iron and steel industry works, as it constitutes the under bed of mined dogger ore. From the point of view of infrastructure, Posidonia shale is therefore a favourable site and is in fact often used as such. Furthermore, a better understanding of complex migration processes (hydro-dynamic dispersion, molecular diffusion, ion exchange, adsorption/desorption, solution-precipitation, formation of organometallic complexes, flocculation-peptization, movement of colloid particles, etc) can help to establish whether any pre-treatment of the material to be dumped or the dump base is necessary.