GEORISK-Objekte sind in der Regel bereits abgelaufene oder aktive Hangbewegungen (Felsstürze, Rutschungen, Schuttströme, Erdfälle etc.). In Einzelfällen sind auch potenzielle, zukünftige Gefahrenstellen erfasst. Eine eventuelle Gefährdung ist aus den Punkten allein nicht abzulesen. Oft finden allerdings Hangbewegungen an Stellen statt, an denen bereits früher solche Ereignisse erfolgten. Die Daten werden laufend fortgeschrieben.
GEORISK-Objekte sind in der Regel bereits abgelaufene oder aktive Hangbewegungen (Felsstürze, Rutschungen, Schuttströme, Erdfälle etc.). In Einzelfällen sind auch potenzielle, zukünftige Gefahrenstellen erfasst. Eine eventuelle Gefährdung ist aus den Punkten allein nicht abzulesen. Oft finden allerdings Hangbewegungen an Stellen statt, an denen bereits früher solche Ereignisse erfolgten. Die Daten werden laufend fortgeschrieben.
Das Projekt "Debris flow management and risk assessment in the alpine region" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Berlin, Institut für Geographische Wissenschaften durchgeführt. Objective: The project aims to produce a few example evaluations of Debris Flow Risk in selected areas, forecasting the occurrence and behaviour of such flows, identifying areas prone to debris flow risk in some experimental basins, and defining an exemplified methodology for the evaluation of debris flos risk in prone areas that can be used by the concerned agencies. General Information: In order to reach the objectives some basic laboratory experiments are performed aiming to gain better information on the mechanical behaviour of mixtures of different grain sizes including segregation effects, and to refine the rheological description of the transition between quasi static conditions, typical of geotechnical analysis, and collision dominated conditions, typical of development flow behaviour, both in granular and muddy debris flows. Refined channel experiments are performed on free surface granular, muddy and intermediate debris-flows, specially aimed for testing mathematical models, as well as simple experiments on possible triggering mechanisms of debris flow. Mathematical models representing the behaviour of debris flow are developed and implemented. 1-D and 2-D models will be used. 2-D models may be both vertically integrated (2DH) and plane vertical flow (2DV). The variety of models represent the effects of erosion and deposition, as well as the vertical segregation and longitudinal differential convection mechanisms, responsible of the concentration of great boulders in the front of the debris flood event. Models are verified and calibrated against laboratory tests and prototype data. Field investigations are performed in order to identify debris source areas and to estimate the debris production and accumulation rates. Debris flow events in the investigation areas are monitored and surveyed as well as their triggering conditions (precipitation, water table elevation, initial saturation index). Precise geological, geotechnical, geomorphologic and hydrometeorological characterisations of the investigation areas are performed, including specific laboratory tests whenever necessary, as well as back analysis (hind-casting) and dating of past events. A frequency-intensity relation will be established for the areas. The areas selected for field investigation are: left slopes of Boite river valley, Veneto, Italy; subbasins of vallie Maurienne, Savoie-France, (Saint Bernard Saint-Martin-la-Porte, le Pousset la Pousset); rio Moscardo basin, Friuli Venezia Giulia-Italy; Schmiedlaine basin, Bayern-Germany. At the end of these activities, the debris flow occurrence in the selected areas will be analysed using verified and calibrated models, the implied risk will be assessed and the results translated into risk and hazard maps. Prime Contractor: Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Dipartimento di Ingegneria delle Strutture, dei Trasporti, delle Acque, del Rivelamento, del Territorio; Bologna; Italy.
Das Projekt "Sub project: Three-dimensional geometry and quantification of the sedimentary fill of Lake El'gygytgyn (Chukotka, NE Siberia)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung durchgeführt. An animated three-dimensional model of the lacustrine sediments of Lake El gygytgyn (NE Siberia) will be developed based on approx. 170 km of seismic reflection profiles and approx. 175 km of 3.5 kHz high-resolution profiles. This model will be the first three-dimensional record from the impact crater lake compared to punctual information from cores and to two-dimensional seismic sections. It will allow us to better understand the origin of the asymmetry of the crater and its lake and to better distinguish between sedimentary effects (a) due to the change of basin geometry and (b) due to paleoclimate changes in the future ICDP cores. Furthermore, a detailed correlation between the future ICDP cores will be possible by mapping reflectors between the drillsites. Debris flow occurrence in the lake seems to be driven by paleoclimate changes, i.e. the occurrence is enhanced during periods of warmer climate. A high-resolution three-dimensional model of the upper 40 to 50 m will test this hypothesis and help to establish the debris flows occurrence as paleoclimate indicator. It will further give us a deeper insight into the land-lake interactions and, thus, into the correlation between lake sedimentation, periglacial processes and climate change.
Das Projekt "Sturzbachrisikobekaempfung in den europaeischen Alpen - ein praktisches Instrument und Verfahren fuer die Risikoeinschaetzung und -verringerung" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Berlin, Institut für Geographische Wissenschaften durchgeführt. Objective: Problems to be solved: Torrent activity in the Alps represents a major threat to permanent settlements, tourist infrastructures and European transit routes. THARMIT will develop practical tools and methodologies for hazard assessment, prevention, monitoring and mitigation. Field measurements will be coupled with simulation models to obtain a deeper knowledge of the dynamics and factors controlling triggering and propagation of the events. Scientific objectives and approach: The overall objectives of THARMIT include: 1) improving the understanding of the predisposition and triggering factors associated to torrent hazard, by analysing and identifying the role of man-induced alterations of the environment, the combinations of meteorological events responsible for triggering, and the corresponding forecasting methods. 2) assessing potential torrential and debris flow scenarios, by reference to initiation, mobilisation and propagation mechanisms, related to given catchments with different characteristics of time occurrence and magnitude (volumes of materials liable to be mobilised, peak flow/debris discharge, etc.). 3) improving existing numerical simulation models by extending the set of represented phenomena and an easy use for end-users, and to compare the results of their application in different areas (both between them and with the field data). 4) providing tools which allow for a given region to obtain a sufficiently accurate overview, of existing hazards of torrential processes' magnitude and frequency; and user-friendly predictions about the short-time spatial and temporal developments of the identified hazards. 5) providing dynamic modelling of the defined hazards on the basis of the spatial and temporal variability of torrential processes founded on the combination of spatial and temporal data sets and modelled using specific process equations. 6) devising methods for saving and monitoring potentially dangerous areas by checking the efficiency and effectiveness of different types of technical countermeasures and warning systems. 7) providing new and improved practical decision-making tools and guidelines for torrent hazard assessment and the evaluation of mitigation strategies. 8) providing decision support systems to end-users (field engineers, geologists and technicians of the public and private societies and institutions, etc.). 9) transferring the know-how to practitioners by disseminating the results through seminars and training courses. Expected impacts: The final goal of THARMIT is to provide practical tools and methodologies for hazard assessment and risk mitigation readily available for end-users, through the advance of our quantitative understanding of the physical functioning and evolution of alpine torrents systems. Prime Contractor: Universita degli studi di Padova, Department of Geology, Paleontology and Geophysics; Padova.
Das Projekt "Mechanismus von Schuttstroemen" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Karlsruhe, Geologisches Institut, Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Geologie durchgeführt. Schuttstroeme sind Hangbewegungen, die sich Gletscher aehnlich der Hangmorphologie anpassen und sich langsam bis maessig schnell bewegen. Der Ausloesemechanismus wurde an einem Fallbeispiel aus den noerdlichen Kalkalpen untersucht. Die Ausloesung erfolgte durch undrainierte Belastung. Insgesamt wurden etwa 10 Millionen Kubikmeter bewegt.
Das Projekt "Untersuchungen zur Bilanzierung gravitativer Massenbewegungen in Locker- und Festgesteinen der Nördlichen Kalkalpen" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Geologie durchgeführt. Vorrangiges Ziel des Gesamtantrages wird es sein, quantitative Angaben über Materialverlagerungen und damit für die einzelnen Hangbereiche Bilanzierungen vorlegen zu können. Grundvoraussetzung dieser Bilanzierung ist neben den Schlüssen z.B. aus der Morphologie und der Vegetation besonders die Erarbeitung der geotechnischen Eigenschaften der Fest- und Lockergesteine. Bei den Festgesteinen wird ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die Erfassung der sog. veränderlich festen Gesteine zu richten sein (Kössener Schichten, Lias Fleckenmergel und Aptychen Schichten), da sie der Bildungsort von mächtigen, z.T. leicht mobilisierbaren Lockermassen sind. Letztgenannte Bildungen sind aber eng verknüpft mit der petrographischen Zusammensetzung, der Korngrößenverteilung und der Wasseraufnahme solcher überkonsolidierter pelitischer Ausgangssteine. Die Lockermassen zeigen hinsichtlich Materialverlagerungen kontinuierliche und spontan ablaufende Prozesse. Die kontinuierlichen Prozesse sind durch Kriecherscheinungen ('soil creep') und Schuttströme ('earth flow') gekennzeichnet. Durch Bewegungsmessungen im Rutschungskörper und an dessen Oberfläche sollen das Bewegungsverhalten in Raum und Zeit und der dafür zugrundeliegende Bewegungsmechanismus erkannt, aber auch Reliefformung und Größenordnung des Sedimenteintrages in die Gerinne ermittelt werden.
Das Projekt "Improving Preparedness and Risk Management for flash floods and debris flow events (IMPRINTS)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universidad Politecnica Barcelona durchgeführt. The aim of IMPRINTS is to contribute to reduce loss of life and economic damage through the improvement of the preparedness and the operational risk management for Flash Flood and Debris Flow (FF/DF) generating events, as well as to contribute to sustainable development through reducing damages to the environment. To achieve this ultimate objective the project is oriented to produce methods and tools to be used by emergency agencies and utility companies responsible for the management of FF/DF risks and associated effects. Impacts of future changes, including climatic, land use and socioeconomic will be analyzed in order to provide guidelines for mitigation and adaptation measures. Specifically, the consortium will develop an integrated probabilistic forecasting FF/ DF system as well as a probabilistic early warning and a rule-based probabilistic forecasting system adapted to the operational use by practitioners. These systems will be tested on five selected flash flood prone areas, two located in mountainous catchments in the Alps, and three in Mediterranean catchments. The IMPRINTS practitioner partners, risk management authorities and utility company managers in duty of emergency management in these areas, will supervise these tests. The development of such systems will be carried out using and capitalizing the results of previous and ongoing research on FF/DF forecasting and warning systems, in which several of the partners have played a prominent role. One major result of the project will be a operational prototype including the tools and methodologies developed under the project. This prototype will be designed under the premise of its ultimate commercialization and use worldwide. The consortium, covering all the actors involved in the complex chain of FF & DF forecasting, has been carefully selected to ensure the achievement of this. Specific actions to exploit and protect the results and the intellectual property of the partners have been also defined.
Das Projekt "Multi-spectral remote system for real-time alarm and monitoring of natural hazards (SENTINEL)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Techcom Srl durchgeführt. Techcom Srl was founded in Italy in 2017 with the aim to design and develop environmental monitoring solutions, providing installation and maintenance service for landslides, debris flows, sudden floods, avalanches, glaciers, etc. Over the past 10 years, our team of engineers and expert physicists have developed products and solutions based on the latest sensing technologies and integrated with our in-house software to serve customers with a high level of customization. We have evolved throughout the years performing greater than 100 land monitoring projects with national and international scope reaching greater than 50 active sites in 5 countries. With the ambition to continuously provide solution to monitor territories with new disruptive technologies that will result in more accurate detection for the natural hazards, we seek to bring to the European market a new revolutionising monitoring system. Our innovation, SENTINEL, consists of a single device that integrates: (1) 3 complementary sensing technologies that allow optimum performance and coverage under any light and weather condition; (2) Artificial Intelligence software that delivers real-time decision support and action response adapted to the risk severity; and (3) data portal that is accessible on all devices with 24/7 live stream transmission to customers and interaction with local authorities and decision makers. SENTINEL reduces by 75% equipment costs and 25% maintenance costs, gives greater than or equal to 90% accuracy and fastness, and provides recommendations based on AI to allow customers (e.g. local and regional municipals, civil protection, railways, ski resorts) to rapidly detect and give an alert response within seconds, thus guaranteeing security and safety at all time. SENTINEL will bring our company international expansion and growth, reaching + Euro 11.07 M in revenues by 2026 while creating 22 jobs 5 years after market launch.
Das Projekt "Debris Flows as Natural Hazards - Along the Trans-Andean Corridor Mendoza-Valparaiso" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Geographie durchgeführt. Debris flows - defined as mixtures of water and sediment moving downwards a slope or channel - are frequent phenomena in mountain regions all around the globe. They contribute to a considerable risk when interfering with people or infrastructures. To enable action towards decreasing that risk it is essential to understand the physical background of debris flows and to develop simulation models for identifying hazardous areas. Master goal of this project is to provide a model framework, which enables the estimation of the spatial patterns of debris flow initiation (slope failure, channel erosion), movement, and deposition on the local scale (few square kms); includes the entire debris flow process, from triggering to runout and deposition; is publicly and freely available for experts who want to apply the model or to contribute to its further development. Model development is therefore based on the Open Source GIS software GRASS GIS, which appears to suit best for such a purpose. The model framework, named r.debrisflow, is mainly based on deterministic model approaches. The motion of the flow, however, is computed with a semi-deterministic model. In parallel, it was attempted to implement a fully deterministic model for the motion of granular flows into GRASS GIS. It was chosen to use the Savage-Hutter model, the GRASS module developed was named r.avalanche. The model frameworks are evaluated with and applied to selected slopes and small catchments along the international road from Mendoza (Western Argentina) to Central Chile. A detailed description and discussion of the methods and the results obtained up to now is given in the dissertation of Martin Mergili. The remaining project period will be dedicated to the implementation of a more sophisticated slope stability model (up to now, an infinite slope stability model is used) and an attempt to apply the findings for the local catchments to the regional scale, employing an artificial neural network.