Introduction: In Malaysia, excessive nutrients from livestock waste management systems are currently released to the environment. Particularly, large amounts of manure from intensive pig production areas are being excreted daily and are not being fully utilised. Alternatively, the excess manure can be applied as an organic fertiliser source in neighbouring cropping systems on the small landholdings of the pig farms to improve soil fertility so that its nutrients will be available for crop uptake instead of being discharged into water streams. Thus, there is a need for better tools to analyse the present situation, to evaluate and monitor alternative livestock production systems and manure management scenarios, and to support farmers in the proper management of manure and fertiliser application. Such tools are essential to quantify, and assess nutrient fluxes, manure quality and content, manure storage and application rate to the land as well as its environmental effects. Several computer models of animal waste management systems to assist producers and authorities are now available. However, it is felt that more development is needed to adopt such models to the humid tropics and conditions of Malaysia and other developing countries in the region. Objectives: The aim is to develop a novel model to evaluate nutrient emission scenarios and the impact of livestock waste at the landscape or regional level in humid tropics. The study will link and improve existing models to evaluate emission of N to the atmosphere, and leaching of nutrients to groundwater and surface water. The simulation outputs of the models will be integrated with a GIS spatial analysis to model the distribution of nutrient emission, leaching and appropriate manure application on neighbouring crop lands and as an information and decision support tool for the relevant users.
In Fragebogen-Untersuchungen zur Lärmwirkung wurden bisher sehr unterschiedliche Operationalisierungen von Wirkungsvariablen (wie z.B. Belästigung, Störung von Aktivitäten) und außer-akustischen Faktoren (sog. Moderatoren wie z.B. Lärmempfindlichkeit, misfeasance) verwendet. Deshalb hat sich die Arbeitsgruppe community response der International Commission on the Biological Effects of Noise (ICBEN, Team No. 6) als langfristiges Ziel die Entwicklung von Fragebogen-Guidelines und die Formulierung eines Muster-Fragebogens für die Lärmwirkungsforschung gesetzt. D.h. es soll ein Vorschlag erarbeitet werden, in welcher Form globale und spezifische Lärmwirkungen in Befragungen erhoben werden sollten. Um dieses Vorhaben zu unterstützen, hat der Arbeitskreis Ökologische Lärmforschung die Erstellung einer systematischen Übersicht über vorhandene Fragebögen aus Lärmwirkungsstudien auf internationaler Ebene in Angriff genommen. Diese Übersicht soll es u.a. ermöglichen, die Struktur von verschiedenen Fragebögen sowie die in ihnen verwendeten Operationalisierungen für Lärmwirkungs- und Moderatorvariablen (hinsichtlich Art der Frageformulierung sowie der Antwortformate) zu vergleichen. Für den/die einzelne/n Lärmforscher/in bietet diese Übersicht die Möglichkeit, sich auf sehr effiziente Art und Weise darüber zu informieren, wie bestimmte Konstrukte in bisherigen Untersuchungen operationalisiert worden sind bzw. welche Alternativen zu den bereits selbst angewandten Operationalisierungen bestehen. Nach einer systematischen Ermittlung von Namen und Adressen einschlägiger Lärmforscher/innen, wurden diese um die Zusendung von Fragebögen sowie ergänzender Materialien aus eigenen Lärmwirkungsstudien gebeten. Die zugesandten Fragebögen werden gegebenenfalls übersetzt und mit der Methode der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Hierbei werden die Fragebögen im Hinblick auf formelle Aspekte (z.B. Jahr der Erhebung, Sprache, Art der Befragungsmethode) wie auch im Hinblick auf strukturelle Aspekte (z.B. Umfang des Fragebogens, abgefragte Variablengruppen, Antwortformate) ausgewertet. Hauptgegenstand der Auswertung ist aber insbesondere die Auswertung der Lärmwirkungsvariablen (z.B. die Abfrage der globalen Lärmbelästigung, Aktivitätenstörungen, Kommunikationsstörungen) sowie der Moderatorvariablen (z.B. Lärmempfindlichkeit, Lärmbewältigungsvermögen, misfeasance). Parallel dazu wurde eine Datenbank entwickelt, in der die Ergebnisse der Analysen dargestellt und verwaltet werden. Diese Datenbank wird ab November 2001 im Internet unter http://www.eco.psy.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/nqd für jede/n interessierte/n Forscher/in zugänglich und nutzbar sein. Langfristig ist darüber hinaus geplant, ein Archiv mit den Original-Fragebögen aufzubauen, in dem einzelne Fragebögen auf Wunsch eingesehen werden können.
Post-Tsunami call for coastal protection forest has been quick and loud, as presence of trees could certainly have reduced loss of human lives. Coastal zone management has to provide environmental protection and meet economic targets of livelihood options based on sea plus land-based activities. Tree crops and trees preferred by farmers contribute to both. Pre-Tsunami 40-60 percent of the economy of West Aceh and Nias depended on tree crops. Our aim is to help rebuild a green infrastructure that enhances the resilience of the coastal population in the face of multiple stresses. We start with assessing damage to trees, changes in land suitability and impacts on the production-marketing chain and will follow up with activities supporting short term recovery (using existing trees) and preparing for the opportunities of rehabilitated infrastructure. Lessons learnt on resilience will be shared as international public goods.
The overall aim of the SCOREPP project is to develop comprehensive and appropriate source control strategies that authorities, cities, water utilities and chemical industry can employ to reduce emissions of priority pollutants (PPs) from urban areas into the receiving water environment. The SCOREPP project focuses on the 33 priority substances identified in the Water Framework Directive (WFD), and specifically on the 11 priority hazardous substances. However, this list may be expanded to include emerging pollutants or reduced if appropriate model compounds can be identified, depending on the local context. The specific scientific objectives of the SCOREPP project are to identify the sources of PPs in urban areas, to identify and assess appropriate strategies for limiting the release of PPs from urban sources and for treating PPs on a variety of spatial scales. Furthermore to develop GIS-based spatial decision support tools for identification of appropriate emission control measures, to develop integrated dynamic urban scale source-and-flux models that can be used to assess the effect of source control options on PP-emissions and to optimise monitoring programmes, and to assess the direct and indirect costs, the cost-effectiveness and the wider societal implications of source control strategies. The developed approaches, models and assessments will be used to formulate a set of appropriate PP-emission reducing strategies, and a multi-criteria approach will be used to compare and evaluate these strategies in relation to their economic, societal and environmental impacts. The SCOREPP project will interact with the European chemical industry and water utility trade associations together with representatives from ministerial, regional, municipal and community organisations to ensure that these key urban stakeholders can provide input to framing the scope of the project, adapting the project outcomes and communicating the results of the project to a wide audience.
EDV-Programme zur Lösung mathematisch/technischer und planerischer Problemstellung werden dank fortgeschrittener Software-Technologie und Standardisierung in zunehmendem Maße modular aufgebaut. Die Benutzung erfordert jedoch detaillierte Programmierkenntnisse beim Zusammenfügen der notwendigen Module (Methoden) zu einem an die Aufgabenstellung angepassten Programmablauf. Ziel des Vorhabens waren die Konzeption und die Entwicklung eines EDV-gestützten, Hilfsmittels, das neben der Verwaltung der Vielzahl von. Methoden die Beschreibung und Benutzerführung, die Zuweisung und Weitergabe von Daten und Parametern und die Steuerung des Ablaufes der Methoden übernimmt. Die möglichen Schnittstellen zwischen Daten, Methoden und Benutzern wurden untersucht, bewertet und festgelegt. Vorhandene Teilsysteme zur Dialoggestaltung, Programmverwaltung und grafischen Darstellung wurden einzeln und im Hinblick auf die angestrebte Integration überprüft, bewertet und--ausgewählt. Es wurde die Rohfassung eines Methodensteuersystems entwickelt, das die einzelnen Systemteile zusammenfasst und eine Benutzung ohne detaillierte Programmier-Kenntnisse ermöglicht. Die Weiterentwicklung bis zur Praxisreife dieses Steuersystems ist geplant. Das Methodensteuersystem soll nun mit verfügbaren oder noch zu entwickelnden Methodenbausteinen ausgestattet werden. Mit der Methodenbank Umwelt wird dann ein Instrumentarium verfügbar sein, das Datenbestände und Datenbanken der unterschiedlichsten Bereiche des Umweltschutzes einer umfassenden Analyse und Auswertung zugänglich macht, Daten aufbereitet, Informationen verdichtet und eine übersichtliche und verständliche Darstellung der Ergebnisse ermöglicht. Dadurch werden im Umweltbereich Planungs-, Arbeits- und Entscheidungshilfen für. Bund, Länder und Gemeinden bereitgestellt.
Many EU cities are experiencing increasing problems with their water pipeline infrastructure. The cost of replacing these old, worn-out systems, if left to deteriorate beyond repair, is astronomical and clearly beyond the resources of many communities. Replacement, however, is not the only choice as many of these systems can be rehabilitated at 30 to 70 percent of the cost of replacement. Accordingly, resources are now increasingly being allocated to address pipeline rehabilitation management issues. Due to the emphasis on sustainable management, risk-based approaches for the rehabilitation management of the water supply network need to be developed. Rehabilitation decisions should be based, inter alia, on inspection and evaluation of the pipeline conditions. Yet, utilities cannot locate a number of their old pipes and current inspection technologies typically do not provide the needed detailed information on pipeline damage. The objectives of this work are: 1. To develop a novel, high resolution imaging ground penetrating radar for the detection of pipes, leaks and damages and the imaging of the damaged region and evaluate it at a test site. 2. To produce an integrated system that will contain the equipment in 1 and a Decision-Support-System (DSS) for the rehabilitation management of the underground water pipelines that will use input from the inspections to assess, probabilistically, the time-dependent leakage and structural reliability of the pipelines and a risk-based methodology for rehabilitation decisions that considers the overall risk, including financial, social and environmental criteria. 3. To field test the equipment and the DSS. Prime Contractor: Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, Athen, Greece.
The adoption of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC imposes the sewage sludge to be subsequently treated so it is expected by 2005 to increase twofold in comparison whit 1992. However, classical incineration to treat this vast amount of sludge must be no longer accepted from an environmental point of view. In addition, the Sewage Sludge Directive 86/278/EEC regulates the uses and properties of stabilised sludge for being either recycled or disposed. Both directives drive specific actions in two complementary ways. Firstly, a deep knowledge of current sludge treatment, such as mesophilic, thermophilic or autothermophilic processes, must be promoted to solve that problem in the UE ambit, taking in account the particular considerations of each treatment facility. In second place, the development of new processes must be supported to open new alternatives that could valorise that waste.The proposal aims at developing strategies for the disposal and reuse of waste sludge. The scope envisages to develop several processes for reducing both amount and toxicity of sludge, with simultaneous transformation into green energy vectors such as methane or hydrogen. In outline, mesophilic and mainly thermophilic and autothermophilic conditions will be deeply explored as classical alternatives for sludge stabilisation, assuring sanitary conditions of the treated sludge. Also, valuable materials will be obtained from sludge, such as activated carbons, which will be used in conventional adsorption processes and in innovative advanced oxidation processes.The main outcomes expected at the end of the projects are guidelines for technology selection in agreement with the geographic, economic and technical characteristics of the sewage plants, demonstration of the feasibility of new applications for the sewage sludge, manufacturing of activated carbon from sludge sewage as innovative recycling of sludge waste, and a deep understanding of the methods involved. Prime Contractor: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
The Network of Excellence, ECATS, will be a durable and long lasting means of cooperation and communication within Europe, made up of a number of leading Research Establishments and Universities who have expertise in the field of aeronautics and the environment. ECATS's vision is to contribute to the environmental goals of the Vision 2020 for Aeronautics and the Strategic Research Agenda. The overall goals of ECATS are to create a European Virtual Institute for research of environmental compatible air transport; to develop and maintain durable means for cooperation and communication within Europe and to strengthen Europe's excellence and its role of the influence in the international community. The Joint Research Programme will take into account engine technology, alternative fuels, aviations impact on air quality, operational aspects of aviation, and the development of scenarios. Lasting integration will be achieved by joint management and working structures, joint-decision making processes and will be supported through specific integration activities as a common web-based information and communication system, common education, training and exchange programmes, coordinated use of facilities and equipment, dissemination and joint management of innovation. The excellence and commitment of the ECATS partners, many of whom are already linked through their participation in AERONET, will guarantee an effective and durable integration. Support by community funding will be applied for a period of 5 years. FZK is concentrating on activities in the area of airport air quality.
The PATCA Project will help Kyrgyzstan (KG) and Tajikistan (TJ) to meet the requirements of a number of ratified international conventions, most importantly the Biodiversity Convention as well as the respective Biodiversity Action Plans of KG and TJ and the national Environment Action Plans of KG and TJ through the establishment of the PATCA. Overall Objective: The primary goals of PATCA are not only the preservation of the biodiversity of the region but also the improvement of the livelihood of the local population whilst at the same time protecting and safeguarding the traditions and unique historical-cultural heritage developed over centuries of survival in this harsh environment. Purpose: To assist the Governments of KG & TJ in establishment and management of PATCA through: - Technical Assistance (TA) to: national park system in KG (State Agency on Environment Protection & Forestry) & TJ (State Committee for Environment & Forestry); and, Tajik (Pamir) National Park (TJ) & Alai National Park (KG) - Production of PATCA Management Plan (MP). Project Expected Outputs: - the legal establishment and practical operation of PATCA (within PNP and ANP) including development and official approval of PATCA interstate cooperation agreement between KG and TJ - PATCA management plan development, approval and commencement of implementation - Identification of necessary equipment and training in use of an appropriate equipment. Target Groups: The project is expected to result in a wide variety of beneficiaries, especially when taking into account the long-term implications for sustainable development of communities in the PATCA area. In more direct terms the main beneficiaries of the project are as follows: - The State Agency on Environment Protection and Forestry under Government of the Kyrgyz Republic and the State Committee of Environment Conservation and Forestry of Tajikistan through establishment of the PATCA and in more broad terms, support with development, equipment and establishment of the PATCA management plan; - Local Governments - Villages and local population in the two countries - Tour operators - Environmental NGOs - Teachers, educational establishments and major stakeholder groups - Scientists through research possibilities in a poor researched area and training of new methods, establishment of data base - The public at large through increased awareness on and improved protection and safeguarding of the regions biological heritage. The end-beneficiaries of this project will be the population in and around the PATCA, and all concerned with biodiversity conservation in this and the surrounding area. Prime Contractor: AGRECO G.E.I.E., Bruxelles, BE.
| Organisation | Count |
|---|---|
| Bund | 43 |
| Europa | 32 |
| Wissenschaft | 20 |
| Type | Count |
|---|---|
| Förderprogramm | 43 |
| License | Count |
|---|---|
| Offen | 43 |
| Language | Count |
|---|---|
| Deutsch | 5 |
| Englisch | 43 |
| Resource type | Count |
|---|---|
| Keine | 31 |
| Webseite | 12 |
| Topic | Count |
|---|---|
| Boden | 41 |
| Lebewesen und Lebensräume | 41 |
| Luft | 30 |
| Mensch und Umwelt | 43 |
| Wasser | 33 |
| Weitere | 43 |