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WFS - Hintergrundwerte von Böden

Der WFS-Dienst Hintergrundwerte von Böden liefert die beiden Layer "Hintergrundwerte Anorganik" und "Hintergrundwerte Organik". Der erste Layer "Hintergrundwerte Anorganik" enthält die aggregierten Leitsubstrate der Bodenbildung. Die Leitsubstrate dienen zur Zusammenfassung der Böden nach ihrem Ausgangsgestein bei der Berechnung von Hintergrundwerten für anorganische Stoffe. Für die Auswertung der Hintergrundwerte Anorganik wurden Analysedaten für 16 Elemente von ca. 19.000 Standorten mit bis zu 40.000 Proben aus dem Fachinformationssystem Boden herangezogen. Der zweite Layer "Hintergrundwerte Organik" basiert auf der Karte der Raumkategorien für den Landesentwicklungsplan (LEP) von 2013. Dieser teilt Sachsen in drei Raumkategorien ein, welche die Grundage für die Berechnung von Hintergrundwerten für organische Stoffe bilden. Die Leitsubstrate dienen zur Zusammenfassung der Böden. Für die Auswertung der Hintergrundwerte wurden je nach Stoff Analysedaten aus dem Fachinformationssystem Boden von bis zu 2.300 Proben an 2.200 Standorten für 10 Einzelstoffe bzw. Stoffgruppen herangezogen.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Cloud Optical Thickness (COT), Level 3 – Global

This product displays the Cloud Optical Thickness (COT) around the globe. Clouds play a crucial role in the Earth's climate system and have significant effects on trace gas retrievals. The cloud optical thickness is retrieved from the O2-A band using the ROCINN algorithm. The TROPOMI instrument aboard the SENTINEL-5P space craft is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer covering wavelength bands between the ultraviolet and the shortwave infra-red. TROPOMI's purpose is to measure atmospheric properties and constituents. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum, allowing operational retrieval of the following trace gas constituents: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4). Within the INPULS project, innovative algorithms and processors for the generation of Level 3 and Level 4 products, improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users are developed.

Physicochemical soil property data for archive samples of the Saxon agricultural soil monitoring program

The continuous agricultural soil monitoring program (BDF) by the Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture, and Geology (LfULG) is operational since 1995, collecting and analysing samples periodically from 60 monitoring sites across Saxony, Germany. This dataset provides physicochemical soil property data for 920 archive samples available from the Saxon soil information system FIS Boden, including soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, various total and extractable elemental contents, soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and particle size distribution. Additional soil physical data (bulk density, soil water retention) have been merged from undisturbed sample data, resulting in a total of 123 variables, though with varying availability. This dataset provides the majority of reference data for the mid-infrared soil spectral library for agricultural soils in Saxony, Germany.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Ozone (O3), Level 3 – Global

Ozone vertical column density in Dobson Units as derived from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI observations. The stratospheric ozone layer protects the biosphere from harmful solar ultraviolet radiation. Ozone in troposphere can pose risks to the health of humans, animals, and vegetation. The TROPOMI instrument aboard the SENTINEL-5P space craft is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer covering wavelength bands between the ultraviolet and the shortwave infra-red. TROPOMI's purpose is to measure atmospheric properties and constituents. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum, allowing operational retrieval of the following trace gas constituents: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4). Daily observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. Within the INPULS project, innovative algorithms and processors for the generation of Level 3 and Level 4 products, improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users are developed.

Continuous current observations near DynaCom experimental islands in the back-barrier tidal flat, Spiekeroog, Germany, 2019-11 to 2023-09

Data presented here were collected between November 2019 to September 2023 within the research unit DynaCom (Spatial community ecology in highly dynamic landscapes: From island biogeography to metaecosystems, https://uol.de/dynacom/ ) involving the Universities of Oldenburg, Göttingen, and Münster, the iDiv Leipzig and the Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer. Experimental islands and saltmarsh enclosed plots were established in the back-barrier tidal flat and in the saltmarsh zone of the island of Spiekeroog (Germany). A recording current meter (RCM; SEAGUARD® Recording Current Meter, Aanderaa Data Instruments AS, Bergen/Norway) was installed in the back-barrier tidal flat near the experimental islands. The sensor was bottom-mounted in a shallow tidal creek (0.59 m NHN) using a steel girder buried in the sediment, which caused the sensor to be exposed during low tide. All low-tide data have been removed from the dataset. The system was equipped with a ZPulse Doppler Current Sensor (DCS), a conductivity sensor, an oxygen optode, and two analogue sensors for chlorophyll-a and turbidity (16445). All sensors were pre-calibrated by the manufacturer. Recorded data were internally logged until readout with the SeaGuard Studio software (V1.5.23). Salinity was derived in the SeaGuard Studio software using temperature-dependent, nonlinear seawater conductivity compensation following the Practical Salinity Scale (PSS-78). Subsequent data processing was done using MATLAB (R2024b). Turbidity and chlorophyll-a data were excluded from the final dataset, as the recorded signals show implausible values and did not pass quality-control criteria. Post-processing and quality control included (a) the removal of low tide data, data covering maintenance activities, and data affected by biofouling, (b) the removal of implausible values, c) an outlier detection using the Hampel filter method, and (d) visual checks. Identified outlier were removed and synchronously removed across all associated parameters of the respective sensor.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI - Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), Level 3 - Global

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) as derived from TROPOMI observations. AOD describes the attenuation of the transmitted radiant power by the absence of aerosols. Attenuation can be caused by absorption and/or scattering. AOD is the primary parameter to evaluate the impact of aerosols on weather and climate. Daily AOD observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. The TROPOMI instrument onboard the Copernicus SENTINEL-5 Precursor satellite is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer that provides global measurements of atmospheric properties and constituents on a daily basis. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and climate, providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the top of atmosphere solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. The operational trace gas products generated at DLR on behave ESA are: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4), together with clouds and aerosol properties. This product is created in the scope of the project INPULS. It develops (a) innovative retrieval algorithms and processors for the generation of value-added products from the atmospheric Copernicus missions Sentinel-5 Precursor, Sentinel-4, and Sentinel-5, (b) cloud-based (re)processing systems, (c) improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users, and (d) data visualization services.

Luftschadstoff-Emissionen in Deutschland

<p> <p>Luftschadstoff-Emissionen aus unterschiedlichsten Quellen beeinträchtigen die Luftqualität, können in der Umwelt Säuren bilden oder die übermäßige Anreicherung von Nährstoffen (Eutrophierung) in Ökosysteme vorantreiben. Auch die menschliche Gesundheit kann belastet werden.</p> </p><p>Luftschadstoff-Emissionen aus unterschiedlichsten Quellen beeinträchtigen die Luftqualität, können in der Umwelt Säuren bilden oder die übermäßige Anreicherung von Nährstoffen (Eutrophierung) in Ökosysteme vorantreiben. Auch die menschliche Gesundheit kann belastet werden.</p><p> Entwicklung der Luftschadstoffbelastung <p>Emissionen werden durch den Verkehr, die Energieerzeugung, Industrieprozesse, die Landwirtschaft und viele andere Aktivitäten verursacht. Die seit 1990 erzielten deutlichen Erfolge bei der Emissionsminderung einzelner Luftschadstoffe zeigt die Abbildung „Emissionen ausgewählter Luftschadstoffe“. Daraus geht hervor, dass bei vielen Luftschadstoffen die stärksten Minderungen in der ersten Hälfte der 1990er Jahre erzielt werden konnten.</p> <a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/system/files/image/2_Abb_Emi-ausgew-Luftschadst_2026-06-09.png"> </a> <strong> Emissionen ausgewählter Luftschadstoffe </strong> Quelle: Umweltbundesamt Downloads: <ul> <li><a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/system/files/medien/384/bilder/dateien/2_Abb_Emi-ausgew-Luftschadst_2026-06-09.pdf">Diagramm als PDF (50,24 kB)</a></li> </ul> </p><p> Ermittlung der Emissionsmengen <p>Die jährlichen Emissionen werden im Umweltbundesamt aus den verfügbaren Daten (Statistiken der Länder und des Bundes, Informationen von Verbänden und Betrieben, Modelle) für alle Quellen berechnet. Die Schadstoffemissionen werden dann Verursachergruppen, so genannten Quellkategorien, zugeordnet.</p> <p>Diese Aufteilung ist in der Tabelle „Emissionen ausgewählter Luftschadstoffe nach Quellkategorien“ zu sehen, unerheblich ist dabei der Ort des Verbrauchs. Beispielsweise werden die Emissionen aus der Stromproduktion bei dieser Systematik den Produzenten (hier: Kraftwerke) und nicht den Verbrauchern zugerechnet. Die Tabelle stellt Angaben zu Stickstoffoxiden (NOx), Ammoniak (NH3), leichtflüchtigen organischen Verbindungen ohne Methan (<a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/service/glossar/nmvoc">NMVOC</a>), Schwefeldioxid (SO2) und Staub – einschließlich der Feinstaubanteile PM10 und PM2,5 – sowie Kohlenmonoxid (CO) zusammen. Außerdem werden die Säurebildner SO2, NH3 und NOx unter Berücksichtigung ihres Säureäquivalents erfasst.</p> <p>Die Berechnungen erfolgen nach den internationalen Berichtsvorschriften unter der <a href="http://www.unece.org/env/lrtap/welcome.html">UNECE Luftreinhaltekonvention</a>. Zum Zweck der Harmonisierung der Berichterstattung haben sich diese an den Vorgaben des Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change der Vereinten Nationen (<a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/service/glossar/ipcc">IPCC</a>) für die Treibhausgase orientiert.</p> <a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/system/files/image/3_Tab_Emi-ausgew-Luftschadst_2026-06-09.png"> </a> <strong> Tab: Emissionen ausgewählter Luftschadstoffe nach Quellkategorien </strong> Quelle: Umweltbundesamt Downloads: <ul> <li><a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/system/files/medien/384/bilder/dateien/3_Tab_Emi-ausgew-Luftschadst_2026-06-09.pdf">Tabelle als PDF zur vergrößerten Darstellung (163,25 kB)</a></li> </ul> </p><p> Minderung von Emissionen durch die europäische National Emission Ceilings (NEC)-Richtlinie und das Göteborg-Protokoll <p>In der europäischen <a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/service/glossar/nec-richtlinie">NEC-Richtlinie</a> (<a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/DE/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32016L2284">EU 2016/2284</a>) sind für die EU-Mitgliedstaaten Emissionsminderungsverpflichtungen für die wichtigsten Luftschadstoffe (SO2, NOx, NH3, <a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/service/glossar/nmvoc">NMVOC</a> und PM2,5) festgelegt, die ab dem Jahr 2020 relativ zu 2005 einzuhalten sind. Auch das von den Parteien der Genfer Luftreinhaltekonvention beschlossene <a href="https://unece.org/environment-policy/air/protocol-abate-acidification-eutrophication-and-ground-level-ozone">Göteborg-Protokoll</a> enthält analoge Minderungsziele für diese Schadstoffe. Dabei sind die Reduktionsverpflichtungen für den Zeitraum 2020 bis 2029 in beiden Regelungen identisch. Unter der NEC-Richtlinie sind ab dem Jahr 2030 dann deutlich höhere Reduktionen vorgesehen.</p> <p>Die Tabelle „Reduktionsverpflichtungen der NEC-Richtlinie; Emissionen im Jahr 2023“ zeigt die beschlossenen Emissionshöchstmengen und stellt sie den Emissionsdaten für das Jahr 2023 gegenüber. Bei der Überprüfung der Zielerreichung werden nach der NEC Richtlinie die Emissionen aus der Düngewirtschaft und landwirtschaftlichen Böden nicht berücksichtigt.</p> <a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/system/files/image/4_Tab_Emissionshoechstmengen_2026-06-09.png"> </a> <strong> Tab: Emissionshöchstmengen der NEC-Richtlinie; Reduktionsverpflichtungen der neuen NEC-Richtlinie... </strong> Quelle: Umweltbundesamt Downloads: <ul> <li><a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/system/files/medien/384/bilder/dateien/4_Tab_Emissionshoechstmengen_2026-06-09.pdf">Tabelle als PDF (50,32 kB)</a></li> </ul> </p><p> </p><p>Informationen für...</p>

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Water Vapour (H2O), Level 3 – Global

Water Vapour (H2O) concentration (globally) as derived from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI observations. H2O is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. In addition it is one of the most powerful drivers for weather phenomena in the troposphere. Daily observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. The TROPOMI instrument aboard the SENTINEL-5P space craft is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer covering wavelength bands between the ultraviolet and the shortwave infra-red. TROPOMI's purpose is to measure atmospheric properties and constituents. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum, allowing operational retrieval of the following trace gas constituents: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Water Vapour (H2O), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4). Within the INPULS project, innovative algorithms and processors for the generation of Level 3 and Level 4 products, improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users are developed.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Surface Nitrogendioxide (NO2), Level 4 – Regional (Germany and neighboring countries)

The TROPOMI instrument onboard the Copernicus SENTINEL-5 Precursor satellite is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer that provides global measurements of atmospheric properties and constituents on a daily basis. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and climate, providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the top of atmosphere solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. The operational trace gas products generated at DLR on behave ESA are: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4), together with clouds and aerosol properties. This product displays the Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) near surface concentration for Germany and neighboring countries as derived from the POLYPHEMUS/DLR air quality model. Surface NO2 is mainly generated by anthropogenic sources, e.g. transport and industry. POLYPHEMUS/DLR is a state-of-the-art air quality model taking into consideration - meteorological conditions, - photochemistry, - anthropogenic and natural (biogenic) emissions, - TROPOMI NO2 observations for data assimilation. This Level 4 air quality product (surface NO2 at 15:00 UTC) is based on innovative algorithms, processors, data assimilation schemes and operational processing and dissemination chain developed in the framework of the INPULS project. The DLR project INPULS develops (a) innovative retrieval algorithms and processors for the generation of value-added products from the atmospheric Copernicus missions Sentinel-5 Precursor, Sentinel-4, and Sentinel-5, (b) cloud-based (re)processing systems, (c) improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users, and (d) data visualization services.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Aerosol Index (AI), Level 3 – Global

Aerosol Index (AI) as derived from TROPOMI observations. AI is an indicator for episodic aerosol plumes from dust outbreaks, volcanic ash, and biomass burning. The TROPOMI instrument onboard the Copernicus SENTINEL-5 Precursor satellite is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer that provides global measurements of atmospheric properties and constituents on a daily basis. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and climate, providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the top of atmosphere solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. The operational trace gas products generated at DLR on behave ESA are: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4), together with clouds and aerosol properties. This product is created in the scope of the project INPULS. It develops (a) innovative retrieval algorithms and processors for the generation of value-added products from the atmospheric Copernicus missions Sentinel-5 Precursor, Sentinel-4, and Sentinel-5, (b) cloud-based (re)processing systems, (c) improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users, and (d) data visualization services.

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