Bei den Wasserbucheinträgen zur Flächengebietsfestsetzung handelt es sich u.a. um folgende wasserrechtliche Tatbestände: Wasserschutzgebiete gemäß § 51 WHG i.V.m. § 46 SächsWG; Heilquellenschutzgebiete gemäß § 53 WHG i.V.m. § 47 SächsWG; Überschwemmungsgebiete an oberirdischen Gewässern sowie vorläufig gesicherte Überschwemmungsgebiete gemäß § 76 WHG i.V.m. § 72 SächsWG; Risikogebiete gemäß § 74 WHG bzw. überschwemmungsgefährdeter Gebiete gemäß § 75 SächsWG; Hochwasserentstehungsgebiete gemäß § 78d WHG i.V.m. § 76 SächsWG; Festsetzung von Gewässerrandstreifen nach § 38 Abs. 3 WHG i.V.m. § 24 Abs. 4 SächsWG
Zu den anlagenbezogenen Wasserbucheinträgen zählen u.a. folgende wasserrechtliche Tatbestände: Benutzungen von Grundwasser und/oder Oberflächenwasser gemäß § 9 WHG i.V.m. § 5 SächsWG; Einleiten von Abwasser in Gewässer gemäß § 57 WHG (Direkteinleitung) i.V.m. § 51 SächsWG; Einleiten von Abwasser in öffentliche Abwasseranlagen gemäß § 58 WHG (Indirekteinleitung) i.V.m. § 53 SächsWG oder Einleiten von Abwasser in private Abwasseranlagen gemäß § 59 WHG; Errichtung, Betrieb, wesentliche Änderung, Unterhaltung und/oder Stilllegung von Anlagen in, an, über und unter oberirdischen Gewässern gemäß § 36 WHG i.V.m. § 26 SächsWG; Errichtung, Betrieb sowie die wesentliche Veränderung oder Beseitigung einer Abwasserbehandlungsanlage gemäß § 60 WHG i.V.m. § 55 SächsWG; Errichtung, Betrieb sowie die wesentliche Veränderung oder Beseitigung von öffentlichen Wasserversorgungsanlagen gemäß § 55 SächsWG i.V.m. § 50 Abs. 4 WHG; Nutzung von Fernwasser gemäß § 44 SächsWG i.V.m. § 50 Abs. 2 WHG; Errichtung, Betrieb und/oder wesentliche Änderung von Anlagen zum Lagern, Abfüllen oder Umschlagen wassergefährdender Stoffe gemäß § 63 WHG; Gewässerausbau sowie Errichtung von Deich- und Dammbauten gemäß § 68 WHG i.V.m. § 63 SächsWG; Herstellung, wesentlichen Änderung oder Beseitigung eines Flutungspolders gemäß § 63 SächsWG; Übertragen der Unterhaltungslast zur Gewässerunterhaltung gemäß § 40 WHG i.V.m. § 33 SächsWG, Übertragen der Pflicht zur Abwasserbeseitigung gem. § 56 WHG, Übertragen der Pflicht zur öffentlichen Wasserversorgung gemäß § 43 SächsWG; Duldungs- und Gestattungsverpflichtungen nach § 99 SächsWG (Zwangsrechte)
Das Projekt "Sub project: Pattern recognition in electrical images - digital image analysis with special focus on Gas Hydrate Leg 204" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von RWTH Aachen University, E.ON Energy Research Center (E.ON ERC) Institute for Applied Geophysics and Geothermal Energy (GGE) durchgeführt. Electrical images are widely used in oil industry for borehole inspection and reservoir characterisation. They consist of artifically colour-coded micro-resistivity measurements on the borehole wall. In ODP these are commonly used to study the internal structure of the oceanic crust. At present, the reconstruction of lithology from electrical images is purely based on visual inspection and subjective interpretation. Our objectives are to (1) develop methods for an object- and texture-based pattern recognition of electrical images; (2) develop methods for an automatic classification of rocks; (3) apply this methodology to study the occurrence and characteristics of gas hydrates at ODP Leg 204. Avaible methods from seismic data interpretation and biomedical imaging will be adapted for use with resistive images. In particular, we will implement an algorithm for automatic object identification for a study of the internal rock morphology with respect to sediments drilled at ODP Leg 204. This way, resistivity anomalies caused by gas hydrates will localised them in electrical images. Their proportion, size, and shape will be quantified in order to analyse anisotropy and spatial heterogeneity of identified gas hydrates. Finally, we will correlate the 1D information from all available boreholes and interpolate them into a 2D map of the gas hydrates distribution at Leg 204.
Das Projekt "An adaptative process based model framework for water-, energy- and mass cycles in lower mesoscale catchments" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Wasser und Gewässerentwicklung, Bereich Hydrologie durchgeführt. We suggest an adaptive model framework named CAOS (Catchments As Organized Systems) that is based on elementary functional units (EFUs), which are regarded as homogeneous with respect to their hydrological functioning. These EFUs are arranged along time invariant lead structures in the landscape such as the catena. Depending on the prevailing boundary conditions, their internal states and external drivers, EFUs will be grouped into sets named dynamic functional units (DFUs). DFUs are deemed to function similarly with respect to the processes and structures that dominate either energy exchange or, under rainfall-driven conditions, vertical and lateral flow processes. Thus, dynamics in the entire set can be represented by simulating dynamics for a single or a few representatives. This will reduce computational effort to a minimum amount and ideally allows application of the CAOS model for improving hydrological practice at the lower mesoscale. Most of the necessary process descriptions for the model objects will be iteratively refined based on growing insights and growing data sets in the individual sub projects. Project S will furthermore develop and maintain structures to manage all data required for and produced by the research unit and organise frequent meetings to sustain knowledge transfer among the participating projects.
Das Projekt "Optimised Radar to Find Every buried Utility in the street (ORFEUS)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Tracto-Technik GmbH & Co. KG durchgeführt. This project addresses the requirement for advanced technologies for locating, maintaining and rehabilitating buried infrastructures (area II.3.3). Specifically it fulfils the requirement for locating buried assets. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is the only known non-invasive technique that can detect metallic and non-metallic buried objects, but conventional pulse time-domain technology has reached the limit of its development potential. This project will use innovative techniques to provide a clear advance in the state of the art. The project has three major objectives: - To provide a step change in the depth penetration and spatial resolution of GPR used for surveys carried out from the ground surface. This will be achieved by increasing the frequency and dynamic range of the radar by researching and developing Stepped Frequency Continuous Wave techniques and ultra wide-band antennas whose performance is independent of ground characteristics. - To prototype an innovative GPR-based real-time obstacle detection system for steerable bore- heads of Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) pipe and cable laying systems so that they can operate more safely below ground. This will require new antenna designs to be developed to provide a look-ahead capability and robust systems to be designed to protect against the hostile mechanical environment. - To increase knowledge of the electrical behaviour of the ground, by means of in-situ measurements to enhance understanding of the sub-soil electrical environment, and to provide information for scientifically based antenna design. The project will lead to practical solutions that can be implemented cost-effectively to provide a capability to locate buried infrastructure with accuracy and reliability. This will reduce the need for excavations in the highway, thus minimising direct and indirect costs, reducing the incidence of pollution and enhancing safety. Prime Contractor: Osys Technology Ltd., Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Das Projekt "4DEMON: 4D Near Real-Time Environmental Monitoring" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Heidelberg, Geographisches Institut, Abteilung Geoinformatik durchgeführt. Motivation: Our physical environment underlies permanent changes in space and time with strongly varying triggers, frequencies, magnitudes and also consequences to humans. Monitoring of Earth surface processes (e.g. landslides) and the assessment of environmental properties (e.g. agricultural plant conditions) is crucial to improve our scientific understanding of complex human-environmental interactions and helps us to respond by adaptation or mitigation. The last decade has witnessed extensive application of 3D environmental monitoring with the LiDAR technology, also referred to as laser scanning. Although a multitude of automatic methods were developed to extract environmental parameters from LiDAR point clouds, only little research has focused on highly multitemporal LiDAR monitoring (4D-LiDAR). Large potential of applying 4D-LiDAR is given for landscape objects with high and varying rates of change (e.g. plant growth), and also for processes with sudden unpredictable changes (e.g. natural hazards). Main Objective: In this project we (re)assess the scientific concepts and data models for big 4D LiDAR data. In our core concept, a single LiDAR point is treated as an observation in space and time, and the measurements are not independent of each other in space and time. Further, based on two real-world use cases we will develop new algorithms for surface parameter derivation (agricultural crops) and change detection (landslides) making use of the 'full history' contained in the 4D point cloud time series. We will evaluate our novel methods with respect to near real-time analysis capability (in between of two epochs), making use of the entire big point cloud archive collected during permanent long-term terrestrial LiDAR.
Das Projekt "Sub project: Advanced numerical modeling of flow and reactive transport in porous systems" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität zu Kiel, Institut für Geowissenschaften Geohydromodellierung durchgeführt. Numerical methods for the coupled simulation of flow, multi-component transport, chemical reactions as well as microbiological degradation and fractionation processes in porous media will be developed, implemented and applied to the high quality experimental data generated within the Research Group. A mixed finite element formulation is to be implemented, using object and process-oriented concepts, which allows the high resolution modeling needed for the heterogeneous and transient flow conditions used in the tank experiments. Additionally, the specific features of the biological reactions as observed in the tank experiments as well as isotope fractionation processes will be implemented. The reactive tank experiments conducted provide excellent application test cases for the verification of the new code. Detailed scenario modeling studies will be used to investigate the effects of spatial structures of hydraulic heterogeneity on transverse dispersion, to test different formulations of the biodegradation reactions, and to identify the limiting processes governing the tank experiments. Coupled to the evaluation of measured and simulated isotopic ratios, this will allow for a high quality evaluation of the biologic kinetic reactions and to quantify the uncertainty related to the kinetic parameters. It is expected that this project will lead to an improved quantitative understanding of mixing controlled degradation processes in natural porous media.
Das Projekt "5. RP PHOBIA-Phototrophic biofilms and their potential applications: towards the development of a unifying concept" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle GmbH, Department Fließgewässerökologie durchgeführt. Phototrophic biofilms are communities, driven by photosynthesing microorganisms, and occurring on interfaces in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Such biofilms cause biofouling on e.g. submersed objects and monuments, but also have a great bioremediation potential for water and soils. PHOBIA proposes to grow air-exposed and aquatic phototrophic biofilms on soft and hard substrata in a specially designed incubator, in which microenvironment, architecture, growth, and biodiversity on the biofilm communities will be analysed, and in which their major physiological processes will be quantified. In contrast to heterotrophic biofilms, predictive models are not available for phototrophic biofilms. Our objective is to develop a unifying model of a phototrophic biofilm, and to use that for management and control of phototrophic biofilms in existing and new applications.
Das Projekt "Control of wastewater treatment processes to support ecotechnology measures in rivers" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Siedlungs- und Industriewasserwirtschaft durchgeführt. The processes of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) open up options to influence the composition of the effluent. These options will be used to design the effluents composition such that the conditions for ecotechnology in the receiving waters are supported. The basis for this investigation is to identify the decisive control parameters in the receiving water (project P2). The process water treatment will be a central object of investigation. Due to high ammonia concentration of the process water, high sludge concentration and high temperature, it can be a source for accumulation of compounds and micro-organisms. The idea is to dose either compounds or micro-organisms from the sludge process water reactor to the effluent of the WWTP, depending on the requirements from river water quality and resilience. The investigations will focus on the options of (i) nitrate dosing after nitrification of sludge process water, (ii) nitrifyers dosing, since nitrifyers are highly concentrated in a sludge process water unit, and (iii) accumulating specific micro-organisms able to degrade polluting organics, to be dosed on demand. Last, temperature patterns of effluent and river will be analysed with regard to the potential of heat exchangers in the effluent.
Das Projekt "Human dimensions and urban landscape development - A case study in Suzhou, China" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Freiburg, Institut für Geo- und Umweltnaturwissenschaften, Professur für Landespflege durchgeführt. Humanity has influenced and changed the large majority of the earths landscapes, especially those in urban areas. There is no doubt that it is crucial to include human dimensions - perceptions, attitudes, preferences etc. - in terms of landscape inheritance, conservation, development and management or what. Public perception and preference research has a long lasting history in landscape subjects, and has been playing an important role in practical implementation. This study will be conducted in Suzhou, China - a typical Chinese city with numerous ancient cultural heritages and facing endless modernization and urbanization. Literate review will be thoroughly carried out on respect to the processes, states, significances of human dimensions for landscapes. The interpretation of historical materials about landscape changes during decades of the research site will be completed. The targeted objects will be the residents there and visitors. There are still more than 200.000 permanent residents living in the research core, who represent the main force of conserving the ancient heritages lasted thousands years. Therefore, their attitudes towards the landscape changes, ancient landscape elements or symbols are vital, and should be included in routines for landscape design, management and conservation. Moreover, up to millions of visitors from both inside and outside of China come to Suzhou every year, which makes the study concerning their perceptions and preferences even more critical. The well-structured questionnaires, together with semi-open or open interviews will be applied aimed at different targeted groups, and the results will be interpreted and evaluated based on scientific theories and methodologies in both quantitative and qualitative ways. Eventually, how these findings could be used to inform the landscape policy-makers, designer, planner or managers and how to transfer the results into practical status in other cities of China or even in other developing countries facing the same dilemmas would be generated.
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