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Artengemeinschaften von Nachtfaltern in mitteleuropäischen Waldökosystemen

Nachtfalter stellen ein sehr artenreiches Segment der herbivoren Insekten in allen terrestrischen Ökosystemen dar. Durch die enge Verflechtung mit den Nahrungspflanzen ihrer Larven reagieren Nachtfalter empfindlich auf Veränderungen der Artenzusammensetzung und Struktur der Vegetation in ihren Habitaten. Zugleich lassen sich Nachtfalter durch Lichtfänge bzw. Anlockung mit Fruchtködern systematisch und standardisiert erfassen. Wir untersuchen an mehreren taxonomischen Gruppen (besonders Noctuoidea, Geometroidea, Pyraloidea) im Vergleich, wie stark sich die Artengemeinschaften der Nachtfalter in unterschiedlichen Waldökosystemen voneinander unterscheiden, welche Gruppen als Indikatoren besonders geeignet sind und ob sich die Nachtfalter-Taxozönosen temperater Ökosysteme von solchen tropischer Wälder grundlegend unterscheiden. Darüber hinaus benutzen wir die empirischen Daten aus den Aufsammlungen, um unterschiedliche Methoden der Quantifizierung von 'Biodiversität' zu evaluieren und methodische Standards für tierökologische Habitatbeurteilungen zu erarbeiten.

Ursachen und Auswirkungen genetischer, taxonomischer und funktioneller Diversität in marinen Ökosystemen

Ich möchte prüfen, ob und unter welchen Bedingungen marine Ökosysteme alternative stabile Zustände hoher und niedriger Diversität und Produktivität ausbilden ('multiple stable states hypothesis', MSS). Modellstudien aus Seen und eigene Experimente an Felsküsten zeigen, dass durch Veränderungen der Konsumentenfauna und der Nährstoffzufuhr drastische Produktivitäts- und Diversitätsveränderungen hervorgerufen werden können. Für marine Systeme ist jedoch völlig unklar, ob es sich dabei um durch Rückkopplungen stabilisierte Zustände handelt. Diese Frage ist von großer theoretischer sowie angewandter Bedeutung, da eine Bestätigung der MSS bedeuten würde, dass die unerwünschten Veränderungen, die z. B. durch Eutrophierung oder Überfischung entstehen, nicht einfach durch Reduktion der Nährstofffracht oder des Fischereidrucks rückgängig zu machen wären. Ich möchte in diesem Projekt drei wichtige Teilsysteme bearbeiten: (1) benthische Hartbodengemeinschaften, (2) Planktongemeinschaften, (3) Fischbestände. Dazu werde ich kontrollierte Freilandexperimente durchführen sowie auf großer räumlicher und zeitlicher Skala erhobene Monitoringdaten analysieren. In Zusammenarbeit mit Modellierern in Kanada und Deutschland werde ich diese Datensätze auf das Vorkommen multipler stabiler Zustände Puffermechanismen und nichtlinearer Rückkopplungen untersuchen. Ziel ist dabei ein Modell zur Regulation der Produktivität und Artendiversität durch Nährstoffe und Konsumenten zu erarbeiten. Hauptauftragnehmer im Ausland: Dalhousie University, Department of Biology, Halifax, Canada.

Two new Lasioserica species from China and Vietnam (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericinae)

<p>Lasioserica paper - taxonomy update 2026</p>

LIAS

LIAS is a global information system for Lichenized and Non-Lichenized Ascomycetes. It includes several interoperable data repositories. In recent years, the two core components ‘LIAS names’ and ‘LIAS light’ have been much enlarged. LIAS light is storing phenotypic trait data. They includes > 10,700 descriptions (about 2/3 of all known lichen species), each with up to 75 descriptors comprising 2,000 traits (descriptor states and values), including 800 secondary metabolites. 500 traits may have biological functions and more than 1,000 may have phylogenetic relevance. LIAS is thus one of the most comprehensive trait databases in organismal biology. The online interactive identification key for more than 10,700 lichens is powered by the Java applet NaviKey and has been translated into 19 languages (besides English) in cooperation with lichenologists worldwide. The component ‘LIAS names’ is a platform for managing taxonomic names and classifications with currently >50,000 names, including the c. 12,000 accepted species and recognized synonyms. The LIAS portal contents, interfaces, and databases run on servers of the IT Center of the Bavarian Natural History Collections and are maintained there. 'LIAS names' and ‘LIAS light’ also deliver content data to the Catalogue of Life, acting as the Global Species Database (GSD) for lichens. LIAS gtm is a database for visualising the geographic distribution of lichen traits. LIAS is powered by the Diversity Workbench database framework with several interfaces for data management and publication. The LIAS long-term project was initiated in the early 1990s and has since been continued with funding from the DFG, the BMBF, and the EU.

An integrative taxonomy of cryptic Pachypus chafers

<p>The data set contains distribution data from an integrative taxonomic revision for the genus Pachypus Dejean, 1821, published in Scientific Reports (Title: An integrative taxonomy of cryptic Pachypus chafers using museomics, morphometrics, barcoding, and genomic DNA analysis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Pachypodinae)). </p>

Response of the microbial food web to gradients of organic matter and grazing pressure and multi-stressor effect in incubation experiments in three different marine ecosystems: Patagonia, Arctic and Mediterranean

The data-sets comes from three locations representative of three different marine ecosystems: Fjord (Chilean Patagonia), Ny-Ålesund (Arctic) and Mediterranean (Crete). It contains chemical and biological data collected in three mesocosm and four microcosm experiments conducted in the spring - summer period, in which the physico-chemical (pH, Carbon) and biological (grazing) conditions were altered to represent potential future climate change scenarios. The data-sets contains measurements in: carbonate chemistry, macro- and micro-nutrients concentrations, primary production, phytoplankton taxonomy, virus abundance, bacterial production, bacterial abundance, Zoo- and microzoo-plankton abundance, grazing rates for different taxonomic groups.

Physiological responses of Mytilus edulis and Magallana gigas from a three-month mesocosm experiment, Sylt, 2023

This dataset reports physiological measurements of two bivalve species, Mytilus edulis (blue mussel) and Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster), obtained during a three-month mesocosm experiment conducted in Sylt, Germany, in 2023. Physiological data were collected between 27 April 2023 and 25 June 2023.Twelve mesocosms were used to investigate the effects of temperature on individual-level physiological traits, with treatments including ambient temperature and ambient +3°C. Parameters measured include clearance rate, ingestion rate, and respiration rate. Environmental variables such as water temperature, depth, and sampling time were recorded for each measurement. Individual bivalves were labeled for tracking, and species identification followed WoRMS taxonomy. Measurements were performed using handheld multiparameter instruments and laboratory analyses. The dataset provides high-resolution, individual-based physiological responses of bivalves to moderate warming, supporting research on temperature-dependent feeding, metabolic processes, and energy flux in coastal ecosystems.

A taxonomic revision of the African genus Desplatsia Bocq. (Malvaceae - Grewioideae)

The data set includes data of 800 herbarium specimens (and 295 duplicates) used for a taxonomic revision of Desplatsia Bocq. (Malvaceae s.l., subfamily Grewioideae, tribe Grewieae). Desplatsia is a genus of trees and shrubs found in tropical West and Central Africa and is characterised by subulately divided stipules, the absence of an androgynophore, stamens that are fused to a tube at the base, and large and distinctive fruits that are dispersed by elephants. In the taxonomic revision four species are recognized (D. subericarpa, D. chrysochlamys, D. dewevrei and D. mildbraedii) and 12 species names are placed into synonymy, two of which have been put into synonymy for the first time: D. floribunda and D. trillesiana. All four species are widely distributed and their conservation status is assessed as Least Concern (LC). A key to the species, full species descriptions, illustrations, a specimen citation list and distribution maps are provided. All herbarium specimens were seen and identified either at the herbaria or online. The revision is published in the European Journal of Taxonomy (Wellsow J., Hart M., Wilkie P. Harris, D.J. (2019). A taxonomic revision of the African genus Desplatsia Bocq. (Malvaceae - Grewioideae). European Journal of Taxonomy 584: 1-38. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2019.584). Acknowledgement: We thank Naturalis and Botanic Garden Meise for sending specimen data. The time span is 1861 to 2019.

Die Mauereidechse Podarcis muralis (Laurenti, 1768) in Deutschland – eine Positionierung zum „Enfant terrible“ des Artenschutzes

Podarcis muralis (Laurenti, 1768), unsere heimische Mauereidechse, ist ein gesetzlich geschütztes, wichtiges Faunenelement der südwestdeutschen Kulturlandschaft. In jüngerer Zeit werden in einigen Gebieten Bestandszunahmen, in anderen Gebieten neue Populationen beobachtet. Dies ist sowohl Klimaveränderungen geschuldet, aber auch durch anthropogene Verschleppung und die Bereitstellung von Ausbreitungskorridoren (Verkehrswegen) bedingt. Das Auftreten augenscheinlich herkunftsfremder Exemplare oder Populationen wird von einigen Akteuren im Naturschutz kritisch und kontrovers diskutiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen zusammenfassenden Überblick über gesetzliche Regelungen zum Schutz sowie die Ökologie und Taxonomie der Mauereidechse. Abschließend werden pragmatische Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit dieser schutzwürdigen Art aus Sicht der Autorin und der Autoren formuliert.

The Fossil Fish Collection at the Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie

The Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie (Bavarian State Collection for Palaeontology and Geology, BSPG) has with currently about 9,800 specimens one of the most important collections of fossil fishes in Europe. Of international importance are mainly type specimens and originals to published standard works of Louis Agassiz, Andreas Wagner, Georg Graf zu Münster, Otto-Maria Reis, Karl Alfred von Zittel, among others, mostly derived from the Mesozoic of southern Germany (Alpine and Germanic Triassic, Jurassic, and especially the Upper Jurassic lithographic limestone or Solnhofener Plattenkalke from the Franconian Alb, Bavaria). These have been described partially in monographic treatises since the 19th Century. With 4,000 fishes the ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) mostly from the Solnhofen area are also the most numerous specimens within the collection. These stocks are the subject of several ongoing investigations on the taxonomy and systematics of the bony fishes. They are particular evidence for the origin and phylogeny of the early modern bony fishes (Teleostei), as well as for ecological, biogeographic and stratigraphic aspects of the respective depositional environments and ecosystems. In addition to the aforementioned main part of the collection there are also considerable numbers of specimens of various important other European localities: Fishes from the Paleozoic of Germany (e.g. Bundenbach) and the Tertiary of Italy (e.g. Monte Bolca), Thrace (Turkey) and Southern Germany (each several hundred fossils) as well as singular finds. Due to the loss of the old inventory (and a large part of the old collection) during the Second World War (see Dehm 1978, Jung et al. 1993, cf. w. Dacque 1934) there has only been a later reconstructed, and since then in handwritten and typewritten form continued inventory without digital capture. Only for some of the most important items (types), there is a digital table of data. The extensive collection growth in recent years through the acquisition of private collections and the paleontological collection of the University of Wurzbourg, as well as through purchased acquisitions and, finally, the observation, that the BSPG collection is highly frequented by the international research, make a digital recording of the collection an urgent necessity. For more details see also http://www.snsb.info/DatabaseClients/BSPGpiscescoll/About.html.

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