This report summarizes the contents and outcomes of the Scientific Stakeholder Meeting on Nanomaterials in the Environment which took place on the 10th and 11th October 2017 at the headquarters of the German Environment Agency ( UBA ) in Dessau-Rosslau, Germany. The meeting focused on regulatory relevant results of German and European research projects on nanomaterials in the environment which are carried out or finalised in the current years. By this, it gave a forum to present the state of the knowledge on environmental nanosafety in a regulatory context as well as to discuss the scientific results and their regulatory relevance between affected stakeholders. It included key note talks, invited platform presentations as well as poster presentations. A Knowledge Café provided the opportunity to discuss selected topics with regard to environmental safety of nanomaterials in smaller groups. The meeting was closed with a discussion on the lessons learned highlighting the outcomes of the meeting by the views of different stakeholders.” Veröffentlicht in Dokumentationen | 01/2018.
In a long-term research strategy, the German higher federal authorities responsible for human and environmental safety – the German Environment Agency ( UBA ), the Federal Institute for Risk Assessment ( BfR ), the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) and the National Metrology Institute (PTB) – are accompanying the rapid pace of development of new materials from the points of view of occupational safety and health, consumer protection and environmental protection. The research strategy builds on the outcomes so far of the joint research strategy of the higher federal authorities launched in 2008 and first evaluated in 2013, while additionally covering other advanced materials where these pose similar risks to humans and the environment or where such risks need to be studied.
Deutsch: Nicht nur für Anwohner einer Mobilfunk-Basisstation ist es wichtig zu erfahren, ob es langfristige gesundheitsrelevante Auswirkungen durch hochfrequente elektromagnetische Felder geben könnte. Die vorliegende Studie ging dieser Frage nach, indem sie das Blut von Anwohnern analysierte. Wir erklären, warum diese Studie keine zuverlässige Antwort geben kann.
Das Projekt "Low thermal budget processing for continuous manufacturing of silicon solar cells" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Angewandte Solarenergie durchgeführt. General Information/Objectives: In order to reach thermal cost reduction as well as environmental safety, new approaches are necessary in the silicon solar cells industry. The aim of the present project is to investigate a new continuous manufacturing line based on low thermal budget processing steps relying on an optical energy transfer to the sample. The general goal of the LOWTHERMCELLS project, carried out by five laboratories (CNRS-PHASE, FhG-ISE, IMEC, ENEA and INSA) in association with industrial companies (AST, ASE and SOLTECH), is the replacement of all conventional thermal processing steps in solar cell manufacturing by Rapid Thermal (RT) steps using lamp furnaces. The main objective is a reduction of the total number of steps. In particular, for homogeneous emitter solar cells, the goal is to perform an entirely passive 'npp+ structure in a single thermal cycle and to suppress masking and photolithographic steps for selective emitters. Technical Approach This project concerns, for three of the five tasks, the development of the cell structure. Rapid thermal diffusion is used for a simultaneous formation of the emitter and back surface field (BSF) from different doped sources such as glasses, SiO2 or polysilicon layers deposited by spin-on, screen-printing or CVD processes. For surface passivation, rapid thermal oxidation, PE-CVD and doped or un-doped glass deposition are to be investigated together with a rapid thermal sintering of screen printed contacts. For selective emitter solar cells, an additional laser treatment is used to over-dope the regions under the contacts and to perform the grooving of buried contacts. The two other tasks concern the characterisation and production of the solar cells as well as the conceptual design and evaluation of the process by the industrial partners. They will test the stability under encapsulation of the cells (Soltech), design a continuous processing line integrating all the RT steps (AST) and perform an accurate economic evaluation of the LOWTHERMCELLS process (ASE). As preliminary results, 16.3 and 14.1 per cent conversion efficiencies have respectively been obtained by FhG-ISE for 5 x 5 cm2 CZ and by IMEC for 10 x 10 cm2 multicrystalline silicon solar cells. Expected Achievements and Exploitation The main output of this project is a simplification and reduction of the duration and number of thermal manufacturing steps of high efficiency silicon solar cells. The measurable goal is to achieve for 10 x 10 cm2 industrial cells a conversion efficiency of 17.0 per cent on CZ silicon and 15.5 per cent on multicrystalline substrates as well as 17.5 and 16.0 per cent on small 2 x 2cm2 laboratory cells, respectively. .. Prime Contractor: European Renewable Energy Centers Agency, Eurec Agency EEIG; Heverlee; Belgium.
Das Projekt "Lasten auf Schiffe im Seegang" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft mbH und Co. KG durchgeführt. Beurteilung der Gefährdung von Schiffen, die quer zur See treiben, sowie qualifizierte Ermittlung von Seegangslasten durch Wasserdruckbelastungen als auch Beschleunigungen - Aufzeichnung Seegang - Aufzeichnung Seebewegung - Modellversuche und Großausführungsmessung.
Das Projekt "Multi-level protection of the materials for vehicles by 'smart' nanocontainers (MUST)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von EADS Deutschland GmbH durchgeführt. iNTeg-Risk is a large-scale integrating project aimed at improving the management of emerging risks, related to 'new technologies' in European industry. This is being achieved by building new management paradigm for emerging risks as a set of principles supported by a common language, agreed tools & methods, and Key Performance Indicators, all integrated into a single framework. The project aim is to reduce time-to-market for the lead market EU technologies and promote safety, security, environmental friendliness and social responsibility as a trademark of the EU technologies. The project goal is to improve early recognition and monitoring of emerging risks and decrease reaction times if major accidents involving emerging risks happen. The project involves leading EU industries and renowned R&D institutions. It is coordinated by the European Virtual Institute for Integrated Risk Management, the dedicated EEIG guaranteeing the sustainability of results after the project.
Das Projekt "Klimaschutz und Sicherheit" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Arbeitsgruppe Friedensforschung und Europäische Sicherheitspolitik Brauch durchgeführt. The book is structured in 4 parts and 10 chapters. Part I: Introduction and security concepts: 1. Introduction - scientific and political questions, 2. Security and environmental security concepts; Part II: Climate change and climate policy: 3. Climate change and international politics, 4. Climate change impacts: results of IPCC studies; Part III: Selected national and regional impacts of climate change: 5. Impact of projected climate change for Mexico, 6. Impact of projected climate change for Bangladesh, 7. Impact of projected climate change for Egypt, 8. Impact of projected climate change for the Mediterranean region; Part IV: Impacts climate change on environmental conflicts, early recognition of climate conflicts and their avoidance: 9. Climate change and climate conflicts in the 21st century - solving survival dilemma, 10. Climate protection and conflict avoidance - conceptual considerations.
Das Projekt "Wind Turbine in Icing Environment: Improvement of Tools for Sitting, Certification and Operation" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Kassel, Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V, Standort Kassel durchgeführt. Improvement of tools and knowledge suitable for manufacturers, operators, developers and consultants to exploit wind energy utilization in ice-endangered and cold climate environment. The detailed objectives are: A. Improved formulas to predict ice accretion from meteorological parameters available; B. New icing map for entire Europe including number of icing days, distribution of intensity of icing, expected ice loads due to in-cloud icing; C. Statistics and correlations on wind speed, temperature and solar radiation over Europe; D. Effects of icing on power production and environmental safety for stall and pitch regulated turbines under different icing conditions in Europe; E. Analyses of operation of 'standard' and 'arctic' wind turbines located at harsh conditions in Europe; F. Specifications for wind turbines and their components for harsh climates; G. Improved safety; H. Market study for 'arctic' wind turbines.
Das Projekt "Impacts of well and Human Intrusion on Khulan (Wild Ass) and other threatened species in the Gobi Desert" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Freiburg, Forstzoologisches Institut, Professur für Wildtierökologie und Wildtiermanagement durchgeführt. The importance of the Gobi environment to the conservation of Khulan and other threatened wildlife and to the future of the pastoral livestock production is undeniable. At the present time, Mongolia is anticipating development of a commercialized agricultural sector that could easily cause greater intrusion of human activities in the Gobi environment than current pasto-ral livestock production. Development of other sectors of the Mongolian economy, especially mining and road construction, could also impact environmental security in general and habitat needs of the khulan and associated wildlife in the Gobi environment in particular. Work is required to clarify to what extent (if any) the wild ass is affected or competes with domestic livestock and other human intrusions, and to what degree. On the basis of these findings, ma-nagement steps for both khulan protection and rural livelihood/water resources development can be developed.
Das Projekt "Deponieverhalten mineralischer Abfälle auf Deponien der Klassen I und II nach 2005 (EU21)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Umwelt, Gesundheit und Verbraucherschutz durchgeführt. Ab dem 1. Juni 2005 können auf Grund der Vorgaben der Abfallablagerungsverordnung nur noch vorbehandelte Abfälle mit geringen organischen Anteilen auf Deponien der Klassen I und II abgelagert werden. Damit wird ein neuer Deponietypus entstehen, der ausschließlich Abfälle mit überwiegend mineralischen bzw. anorganischen Inhaltsstoffen enthält. Ziel des Vorhabens ist, bereits bei Verfüllung der Deponieabschnitte die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den abzulagernden Abfällen zu nutzen, um durch Lösungs- und Fällungsreaktionen innerhalb der Deponie die Ausbildung einer wirksamen 'inneren' Barriere zu fördern. Durch eine Beschleunigung der Stabilisierungsreaktionen könnte die Nachsorgezeit deutlich verkürzt werden. Mit diesen neuen 'Inertstoffdeponien' können die Betriebskosten während der Betriebsphase der Deponie, aber auch der erforderliche Aufwand für Maßnahmen und deren Kontrolle in der Nachsorgephase erheblich reduziert werden. Mit dem Vorhaben werden Entscheidungskriterien für eine nachhaltige Abfallablagerung entwickelt, die einen entsprechenden Wissens- bzw. Technologietransfer zwischen Forscher und Anwender schaffen. Die Umsetzung von Maßnahmen zur Umweltsicherheit in die Praxis und die Schaffung zugehöriger Infrastruktur wird dadurch gefördert. Das Vorhaben wird im Rahmen des Ziel-2-Programms Bayern 2000-2006 (Maßnahme Nr. 3.2.: Bodennutzung, Altlasten, Abfallwirtschaft) von der EU kofinanziert (http://www.stmwivt.bayern.de/EFRE/)