Das Projekt "Untersuchung der Änderungen der methanogene Gemeinschaften in Reisböden in Abhängigkeit unterschiedlicher Düngepraktiken" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Bremen, Zentrum für Umweltforschung und nachhaltige Technologien, Institut für Bodenkunde durchgeführt. Paddy soils, which have been subject to intensive farming with high input managements for the last decades, are generally considered as a unique anthropogenic type of soils in China. And fertilization, one of main man activities, which directly or indirectly causes changes in chemical, physical and biological properties of the soil and impacts on the environment, has received more and more researchers attention. However, there has been poor knowledge on the diversity and relative abundance of indigenous microbial populations, their activity, their function and the spatial distribution of functional groups of microorganisms in paddy soils under different fertilization managements. Therefore, the purpose of this project is a better understanding of the microbial response to fertilizer application in paddy soil by combining denature gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). 16S-based DGGE approaches are used to monitor community changes under different fertilization and to search for a group of microorganisms, sensitive to fertilizer. But DGGE methods cant give more information about their distribution, and especial their activity in situ. Comparing to DGGE, FISH can do.