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METOP GOME-2 - Water Vapour (H2O) - Global

The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) instrument continues the long-term monitoring of atmospheric trace gas constituents started with GOME / ERS-2 and SCIAMACHY / Envisat. Currently, there are three GOME-2 instruments operating on board EUMETSAT's Meteorological Operational satellites MetOp-A, -B and -C, launched in October 2006, September 2012, and November 2018, respectively. GOME-2 can measure a range of atmospheric trace constituents, with the emphasis on global ozone distributions. Furthermore, cloud properties and intensities of ultraviolet radiation are retrieved. These data are crucial for monitoring the atmospheric composition and the detection of pollutants. DLR generates operational GOME-2 / MetOp level 2 products in the framework of EUMETSAT's Satellite Application Facility on Atmospheric Chemistry Monitoring (AC-SAF). GOME-2 near-real-time products are available already two hours after sensing. The operational H2O total column products are generated using the algorithm GDP (GOME Data Processor) version 4.x integrated into the UPAS (Universal Processor for UV/VIS Atmospheric Spectrometers) processor for generating level 2 trace gas and cloud products. The total H2O column is retrieved from GOME solar backscattered measurements in the red wavelength region (614-683.2 nm), using the Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) method. For more details please refer to relevant peer-review papers listed on the GOME and GOME-2 documentation pages: https://atmos.eoc.dlr.de/app/docs/

SteamTP (Steam Test Procedure)

Das Projekt "SteamTP (Steam Test Procedure)" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Institut für Luft- und Kältetechnik gemeinnützige Gesellschaft mbH.

Flussmessungen auf dem Rhein am Standort des Kernkraftwerkes Biblis

Das Projekt "Flussmessungen auf dem Rhein am Standort des Kernkraftwerkes Biblis" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk AG. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Deutscher Wetterdienst.Fuer den Nebelwarndienst und zur Beweissicherung eines vom Deutschen Wetterdienst erstellten Dampfnebelgutachtens.

Global distribution of deltaD values in C-bonded hydrogen of soil organic matter

Das Projekt "Global distribution of deltaD values in C-bonded hydrogen of soil organic matter" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität Tübingen, Geographisches Institut.Stable isotope ratios of various elements including H ((D), C, N, and S have been related to origin and turnover of soil organic matter (OM), because incomplete (bio)chemical reactions fractionate stable isotopes. On a global scale, the (D values in precipitation are related to the number of rain events that water vapor undergoes on its way to the poles, across mountains or towards inland because of evaporation/condensation-related isotope fractionation. As plants rely on local water sources that reflect the global distribution of (D values in precipitation for biosynthesis, C-bonded H in soil OM might show a geographically ordered distribution of (D values on a global scale. However, C-bonded (D values in soil OM might locally be modified by organic matter turnover. Our objectives are to 1) establish a method for the analysis of (D values of C-bonded H in soil, 2) determine the relationship between (D values in precipitation and in C-bonded H of soil OM on a global scale, 3) quantify the effect of decomposition on C-bonded (D values in soil OM with laboratory incubations and by assessing the vertical distribution of (D values in C-bonded H of soil OM in different climates (litter to subsoil). The proposed project adds a novel quantitative tool in Physical Geography to improve our understanding of C sequestration and turnover at the global scale.

Messung der Dampf-(Luft-)Feuchte und des Tropfengroessenspektrums

Das Projekt "Messung der Dampf-(Luft-)Feuchte und des Tropfengroessenspektrums" wird/wurde gefördert durch: VGB-Forschungsstiftung Essen. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Hochschule Aachen, Fachbereich 4, Lehrstuhl und Institut für Dampf- und Gasturbinen.Untersuchung von Einflussgroessen auf Bildung kondensierter und mitgerissener Tropfen in Hd- und Ueberstromdampfleitungen, Nd-Turbinen, internen und externen Wasserabscheidern, Nasskuehltuermen, Atmosphaere. Die Kenntnis der Zusammenhaenge erlaubt eine Verbesserung von Turbinenwirkungsgraden, Verringerung der Abwaerme sowie Verringerung der Kuehlturmemission und damit der Umweltbelastung durch Kuehlturmschwaden.

Monitoring and modeling of water and water-related nutrient fluxes in rice-based cropping systems

Das Projekt "Monitoring and modeling of water and water-related nutrient fluxes in rice-based cropping systems" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität Gießen, Institut für Landschaftsökologie und Ressourcenmanagement, Professur für Landschafts-, Wasser- und Stoffhaushalt.Many studies have been conducted with the aim to better understand biologic and hydrologic processes that control C and N fluxes in rice paddy systems. But rarely have studies attempted to explicitly link the hydrological and biogeochemical controls of nutrient transport on the field scale. In this research project we aim to improve our understanding of processes that are involved in storing and releasing water and nutrients of different rice-based cropping systems. The Catchment Modeling Framework (CMF) will be coupled to the biogeochemical MOBILE-DNDC model (SP6) in to simulate (1) vertical and lateral transport processes of water, C and N and (2) to predict the reaction of ecosystem services such as water storage and purification, gas regulation, nutrient cycling and food supply in dependence of cropping systems. SP7 follows a rejectionist framework where model complexity is adapted to available data and process understanding. State-of-the-art analytical instruments will be connected to a unique automatic sampling system to continuously measure water isotopic composition as well as dissolved carbon and nitrogen solutes in situ for the first time. Waters to be sampled include surface water, irrigation water, groundwater and water vapor. Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy will be used to measure 2H/H and 18O/16O. Isotopic signatures will allow estimating water mean transit times, partitioning between evaporation and transpiration and separating flow paths. Hyperspectral UV photometers equipped with a flow-through cell will be installed for continuous measurements of nitrate and DOC.

Schwerpunktprogramm (SPP) 1294: Bereich Infrastruktur - Atmospheric and Earth system research with the 'High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft' (HALO), NAWDEX - North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment

Das Projekt "Schwerpunktprogramm (SPP) 1294: Bereich Infrastruktur - Atmospheric and Earth system research with the 'High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft' (HALO), NAWDEX - North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Meteorologisches Institut.The North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment (NAWDEX) aims to provide the foundation for future improvements in the prediction of high impact weather events over Europe. The concept for the field experiment emerged from the WMO THORPEX program and contributes to the World Weather Research Program WWRP in general and to the High Impact Weather (HIWeather) project in particular. An international consortium from the US, UK, France, Switzerland and Germany has applied for funding of a multi-aircraft campaign supported by enhanced surface observations, over the North Atlantic and European region. The importance of accurate weather predictions to society is increasing due to increasing vulnerability to high impact weather events, and increasing economic impacts of weather, for example in renewable energy. At the same time numerical weather prediction has undergone a revolution in recent years, with the widespread use of ensemble predictions that attempt to represent forecast uncertainty. This represents a new scientific challenge because error growth and uncertainty are largest in regions influenced by latent heat release or other diabatic processes. These regions are characterized by small-scale structures that are poorly represented by the operational observing system, but are accessible to modern airborne remote-sensing instruments. HALO will play a central role in NAWDEX due to the unique capabilities provided by its long range and advanced instrumentation. With coordinated flights over a period of days, it will be possible to sample the moist inflow of subtropical air into a cyclone, the ascent and outflow of the warm conveyor belt, and the dynamic and thermodynamic properties of the downstream ridge. NAWDEX will use the proven instrument payload from the NARVAL campaign which combines water vapor lidar and cloud radar, supplemented by dropsondes, to allow these regions to be measured with unprecedented detail and precision. HALO operations will be supported by the DLR Falcon aircraft that will be instrumented with wind lidar systems, providing synergetic measurements of dynamical structures. These measurements will allow the first closely targeted evaluation of the quality of the operational observing and analysis systems in these crucial regions for forecast error growth. They will provide detailed knowledge of the physical processes acting in these regions and especially of the mechanisms responsible for rapid error growth in mid-latitude weather systems. This will provide the foundation for a better representation of uncertainty in numerical weather predictions systems, and better (probabilistic) forecasts.

Turbomaschinen für die Transformation in das integrierte Energiesystem der Zukunft, Teilvorhaben: 2.1a, 2.4a, 2.5a und 2.6a Energiespeicher-Entwicklungen

Das Projekt "Turbomaschinen für die Transformation in das integrierte Energiesystem der Zukunft, Teilvorhaben: 2.1a, 2.4a, 2.5a und 2.6a Energiespeicher-Entwicklungen" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: MAN Energy Solutions SE.

Absorption kurzwelliger Strahlung in der Atmosphaere

Das Projekt "Absorption kurzwelliger Strahlung in der Atmosphaere" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität Frankfurt, Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik, Arbeitsgruppe Physik der Atmosphäre.Das Absorptionsvermoegen der Atmosphaere fuer kurzwellige Strahlung zwischen 0.3 und 3.5 Mikrometer Wellenlaenge soll am Boden und vom Flugzeug aus gemessen werden. Erfasst werden die Absorption durch Wasserdampf, in Wolkentropfen und in Partikeln. Hauptziel sind Absorptionsmessungen als Funktion der Hoehe unter stark wechselnden Bedingungen, d.h. in Wolken und bei durchbrochener Bewoelkung.

Isotopenspezifisches Monitoring des H2O-, CO2- und N2O-Austauschs zwischen Atmosphäre und Ökosystem, Teilprojekt 1: Bestimmung der Isotopologenflüsse an einem Ackerstandort

Das Projekt "Isotopenspezifisches Monitoring des H2O-, CO2- und N2O-Austauschs zwischen Atmosphäre und Ökosystem, Teilprojekt 1: Bestimmung der Isotopologenflüsse an einem Ackerstandort" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Bio-und Geowissenschaften (IBG), IBG-3 Agrosphäre.

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