Assessing the persistency of chemicals in general involves a stepwise approach. This includes cost effective and easy to conduct screening tests, that may lead to a need for more complex, lengthy and expensive tests which try to simulate conditions being more representative for the environmental compartments water, sediment and soil. The former tests lead to conclusions about the substance’s degradation potential, the latter allow to deviate degradation half-lives that can be compared with the compartment specific persistency criteria. There are no tests established yet to close the gap between screening and simulations tests. This project evaluated potential enhancements for existing screening test methods and provides suggestions for establishing a new test method for assessing the biodegradation of chemicals. Veröffentlicht in Texte | 10/2023.
Small-scale systems are an important component of water supplies in the WHO European Region. To improve the evidence base on small-scale water supplies and to gain a better overview of the status quo throughout the Region, the WHO Regional Office for Europe and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe made a survey requesting country-specific information in 2012-2013 under the Protocol on Water and Health to the 1992 Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes. The survey had a high response rate (81%), and this analysis of the results includes responses from 43 of the 53 countries in the WHO European Region. <BR>This report summarizes the findings of the survey, which showed that about 23% of the population of the Region receive their drinking-water from small-scale systems. The results reveal that comprehensive information on small-scale water supplies is typically not readily available at the national level across the Region, which hampers systematic assessment of the prevailing conditions. Establishing national registers of small-scale water supplies and routine data collection mechanisms would improve the evidence base and thus support the prioritization of improvements. The findings of the assessment are intended to inform policy-making and the formulation of intervention strategies and to help identify further action under the Protocol.<BR>Quelle: http://www.euro.who.int<BR>
Small-scale systems are an important component of water supplies in the WHO European Region. To improve the evidence base on small-scale water supplies and to gain a better overview of the status quo throughout the Region, the WHO Regional Office for Europe and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe made a survey requesting country-specific information in 2012-2013 under the Protocol on Water and Health to the 1992 Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes. The survey had a high response rate (81%), and this analysis of the results includes responses from 43 of the 53 countries in the WHO European Region. <BR>This report summarizes the findings of the survey, which showed that about 23% of the population of the Region receive their drinking-water from small-scale systems. The results reveal that comprehensive information on small-scale water supplies is typically not readily available at the national level across the Region, which hampers systematic assessment of the prevailing conditions. Establishing national registers of small-scale water supplies and routine data collection mechanisms would improve the evidence base and thus support the prioritization of improvements. The findings of the assessment are intended to inform policy-making and the formulation of intervention strategies and to help identify further action under the Protocol.<BR>Quelle: http://www.euro.who.int<BR>
Im Forschungsprojekt ASKURIS wurden das Auftreten und die Entfernung organischer Spurenstoffe und resistenter Krankheitserreger in urbanen Wasserkreisläufen erforscht. Neueste analytische Methoden wurden eingesetzt, um entlang des Wasserkreislaufes bekannte Substanzen in kleinsten Konzentrationen zu quantifizieren und unbekannte Spurenstoffe zu identifizieren. Deren Entfernung durch bestehende und zusätzliche technische Barrieren (Aktivkohle und/oder Ozon) wurde an unterschiedlichen Stellen des Wasserkreislaufes untersucht. Für eine Bewertung der technischen Barrieren wurden Kosten und Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt bilanziert. Toxische Effekte auf Mensch und Umwelt wurden untersucht, um ein eventuelles Risiko abschätzen zu können. Mit empirischen, sozialwissenschaftlichen Methoden wurde die Wahrnehmung von Risiken in der Bevölkerung analysiert. Die Forschungsergebnisse aus ASKURIS wurden in das Risikomanagementsystem des größten deutschen Wasserver- und -entsorgers integriert. Quelle: HP der Hrsg.
Das Projekt "Hydraulic experiments on workable rock fractures in the drilling of soultz" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe durchgeführt. Objective: To determine the behaviour of natural and stimulated fractures in crystalline rocks in the context of geothermal hdr development. General information: the work forms part of the Franco-German collaborative hdr project (see also contract nos.g0052d, g0055d, g0081d, g0082d and g0072f). The main experimental work will occur at Soultz, but opportunities may also be taken to work at other relevant sites in France or Germany. The work will involve hydraulic testing of open-hole and packed-off sections of borehole to determine: - the transmissivity and width of natural and stimulated fractures; - fracture characteristics as a function of fluid pressure and in-situ stress; - the extension of fractures during stimulation; - water loss from fractures under flowing conditions. Achievements: The European Geothermal Project involved teams from France and Germany who collaborated to test a site in the Upper Rhine Valley for its suitability for terrestrial heat mining (hot dry rock (HDR) energy production). Some British scientists participated in specific tasks. The site was chosen near Soulz-sous-Forets in Alsace at the location of the old oil field of Pechelbronn which was the first oil field exploited in Europe since the 18th century. It is situated on 1 of the summits of a very large thermic anomaly (200 km long and 20 km wide) where the mean geothermal gradient between the surface and 1500 m is known to be higher than 6.5 C/100 m. The programme began in July 1987 with a 2000 m deep borehole. Below at 1375 m thick sediment cover, the granitic basement was penetrated to a depth of 2000 m. The temperature at the bottom of the hole was 140 C. The geothermal gradient within the sediments was unusually high (10 C per 100 m) and diminished to a normal after a series of fractures inside the Buntsandstein producing some water at 116 C with a total salinity 98 g/l. At the depth of 1820 m, hydraulically active natural fissure was reached. The artesian outflow from this zone was 0.15 l/s, with well head pressure of 1.6 bars. The thermal water produced from the well had a high chloride contents and clearly had an identical origin with the fluid collected from the Buntsandstein just above the granite. During the water injection tests, a second active natural fissure was detected normally closed out but which seemed to aquire a noticeable permeability at a well head pressure of about 40 bars.
Das Projekt "Inflatable weir for a hydro electric station" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Floecksmühle Ochtendung durchgeführt. Objective: To demonstrate regulation of hydraulic conditions at a hydro station using an inflatable weir for reduced civil costs and for improved water control. General Information: An 16m wide inflatable weir, with an overflow level of 1.4m, was installed to provide a suitable operating head for a low-head hydroelectric schemes. The weir comprises an inner section which can be filled with water and an air-filled outer section, which can be attached to a suitable base. By control of the inner section, the weir may be varied in shape and can be used for effective control of the turbine hydraulic head. This allows improved exploitation of the energy resource by optimising system operating conditions. Hydraulic conditions: flows 7.32 m3/s head 4.5 m rating 240kW Achievements: The original 10m wide, 1m overflow level scheme was abandoned in favour of the present site because of excessive projected costs and because of difficult hydraulic conditions. The present scheme was installed by September 1987 and, although some technical difficulties have had to be dealt with, the plant has operated successfully. Prime Contractor: Ingenieurbüro Flocksmühle; Ochtendung; Germany.
Das Projekt "Sub project: The Geothermal Field of the Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Geophysikalisches Institut durchgeführt. Within the frame of the aims of the ICDP Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure (CBIS) Project, we want to investigate the present geothermal and hydraulic regime of the central part of this impact structure. To reach this aim we will determine local vertical and lateral regional heat flow variations in the CBIS area in cooperation with our partners in Moscow, Prague and colleagues from USGS. The results of this investigation will contribute to the hydrogeological research with respect to the threatening of the fresh groundwater resources of the region by the CB impact brines. Another aim of our project is to extend the variability of common models for the interpretation of transient thermal signals to time-varying boundary conditions, as they exist in boreholes caused e.g. by artesian outflow of water.
Die Biogas Königsmoor GmbH & Co. KG, Pfalzdorfer Straße 40 in 26607 Aurich-Pfalzdorf hat mit Schreiben vom 03.07.2019 die Genehmigung gemäß §§ 16 Abs. 1 i. V. 19 des Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetzes (BImSchG) für die Änderung der Biogasanlage am Standort 26607 Aurich-Pfalzdorf, Pfalzdorfer Straße 40, Gemarkung Pfalzdorf, Flur 2, Flurstück 27/3 beantragt. Gegenstand der Anlagenänderung ist die Durchführung der folgenden Maßnahmen: • Errichtung und Betrieb einer Gärrestaufbereitungsanlage • Errichtung von zwei Lagertanks für Stickstoff-Kali-Dünger (2 x 25 m³) • Errichtung eines Lagertanks für Eisen(III)-Chlorid (25 m³) • Errichtung einer zweiten Notfackel Der Standort der Biogasanlage befindet sich innerhalb des rechtsverbindlichen Bebauungsplanes Nr. 277 der Stadt Aurich. Die Aufstellung der Gärresteaufbereitungsanlage, bestehend aus Gärresteseparation, Prozesswasserreinigung und Pyrolyseanlage, erfolgt innerhalb einer vorhandenen geschlossenen Maschinenhalle. Die Lagertanks und die Fackel werden im Außenbereich auf dem Betriebsgelände errichtet.
Das Projekt "Bei der Produktion von Titandioxid-Pigment fallen grosse Mengen sogenanntes Gruensalz (90 v.H. FESO4.7H2O) an. Dieser Abfallstoff soll zu nuetzlichen Produkten fuer die Wasserreinigung veredelt werden" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Kronos Titan durchgeführt. Das Gruensalz wird bei Kronos bereits zu zwei Produkten verarbeitet, die in der Hauptsache zur Wasserreinigung dienen. Als drittes Produkt soll ein festes dreiwertiges Eisensulfat hinzukommen, dessen Herstellungsverfahren und Produkteigenschaften entwickelt werden muessen. Bei der geplanten Aufkonzentrierung von Duennsaeure - einem weiteren Entsorgungsprojekt der TIO2-Industrie - faellt Eisensulfat-Monohydrat als sogenanntes Filtersalz an. Es ist weniger rein als Gruensalz und enthaelt Haftsaeure. Dieses Salz soll ebenfalls in eine fuer den Verbrauch oder mindestens fuer die schadlose Beseitigung geeignete Form gebracht werden.
Das Projekt "Poroeses Glas zur Reinhaltung von Gewaessern und zum Entsalzen von Meer- und Brackwasser" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Schott Glas durchgeführt. Die Wasserversorgung in der Zukunft ist bei zunehmendem Bevoelkerungswachstum und zunehmender Industrialisierung nach bisherigem Stand der Technik gefaehrdet. Membranverfahren (Umkehrosmose, Ultrafiltration) erlauben sowohl eine Entsalzung von salzreichen Wasservorkommen als auch eine wirtschaftliche Reinigung von industriell genutztem Wasser. Ziel des Vorhabens ist die Entwicklung geeigneter Membranen auf Glasbasis in Form von Hohlfasern bzw. Kapillaren.
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